جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « بافت فرسوده » در نشریات گروه « عمران »

The urban deteriorated texture areas is without a doubt one of the most important challenges faced by urban areas and especially metropolises in recent decades and is considered one of the main concerns of urban management. By identifying the areas that need revitalization, reconstruction and improvement, it is possible to optimize the use of land in order to improve the quality of the neighborhood and create spatial justice, as well as prevent the linear growth of cities. Old textures of urban areas can affect social and economic activities. Therefore, urban deteriorated texture areas can affect citizens as one of the challenges of cities. The phenomenon of deteriorated texture in urbanization is considered as one of the challenges of advancing sustainable urban development. This happens for several reasons, the most important of which is the reliance on traditional and insufficient monitoring and classification tools. Despite the increasing number of these areas, sufficient efforts are not made for spatial monitoring and classification of these areas. The process of monitoring and classifying these areas is considered as the first step. This study is presented with the aim of determining the optimal use of the urban deteriorated texture areas in order to improve the physical appearance of the city, reduce traffic, improve the environmental conditions, increase the standard of living of the people, and provide all citizens with welfare, educational, and medical services, as well as adequate security.

In this study, by using cost optimization algorithms and AHP multi-criteria decision making model and integrating it into GIS system, it has been used to identify and prioritize the intervention in the blocks and urban deteriorated texture neighborhoods of Iran Gas in Qazvin city based on predetermined criteria. At first, we got a full understanding of the characteristics of this section to compare it with the whole city. In order to identify the criteria used in this research, we examined the main location factors for Irangaz neighborhood of Qazvin city. Then, the amount of urban deteriorated texture in Iran Gas neighborhood was calculated in two different dimensions of physical and functional urban deteriorated texture and the existing land use was evaluated. Finally, by identifying the incompatible blocks and the optimal blocks, the required maps for the management of urban deteriorated texture were produced.

In the study area, the urban deteriorated texture areas are monitored and classified into 4 classes: no deteriorated texture (zero to 50%), low deteriorated texture (50 to 65%), moderate deteriorated texture (65 to 80% wear) and high deteriorated texture (over 85%). The results showed that there are rarely blocks without urban deteriorated texture in this area, and by examining the causes of urban deteriorated texture, which were mainly the incompatibility of uses, the current situation should be re-evaluated.

In general, most of the tissues of the studied area have suffered urban deteriorated texture in recent years due to lack of planning and management, which is very important to prevent the aggravation of this problem and its impact on the neighboring tissues. Therefore, in order to achieve this goal, it is very important to collect information on the areas that are prone to urban deteriorated texture and to monitor the areas that are subject to urban deteriorated texture.

Sustainable development considers the use of endogenous capabilities in urban areas, local groups and communities as social capitals that have an important role in maintaining and developing the metropolises. Local development in the form of a popular process has been emphasized as the focus of sustainable urban development programs and metropolitan areas. In this study, considering the indexes of sustainable districts development as one of the main concerns of developing communities, a model in relation to the district one of Karaj city is presented. The Promethee method, which is one of the multi-criteria decision-making methods used to select the optimal and preferred options. Critic method, which is very consistent with multi-criteria decisions, used to weigh the criteria. The questionnaires distributed among experts have 8 main criteria of participation, identity and vitality, social justice, satisfaction, safety and security, environment, urban landscape and developmental characteristics and include 34 sub-criteria and 5 options which was ‘Islamabad’, ‘Bahar’, ‘Azimiyeh’, ‘North Taleghani’ and ‘Baraghan’ district. The results of advantages and disadvantages analyses showed that ‘Azimiyeh’ has the best condition and then, ‘North Taleghani’, ‘Bahar’, ‘Baraghan’ and ‘Islamabad’ are in the next ranks, respectively. In addition, critical sub-criteria have been identified in each district. Finally some general and detailed suggestions and solutions have been proposed to promote districts. These results can be used as a model for the sustainable development of urban decay by relevant agencies, including ministries, municipalities and etc.

The main need of sufferes in natural disasters, is to provide housing, especially to determine the place of temporary residence in critical situations. After the incident, it is not possible to provide suitable places for the injured immediately. Before such crises occur, proper planning must be done to determine the temporary residence so that the necessary infrastructure can be provided and in case of an accident in a crisis situation, it is possible to quickly set up camps for the injured. In this study, to determine the optimal location of temporary residence in Tabriz, various standards effect have been considered such as medical centers, fire brigade, faults, fuel stations, infrastructure facilities, worn-out tissue, watercourse complications. The desired standards were completed at first by experts and once again by experts in this field based on form of a questionnaire, then using the fuzzy hierarchical analysis method, the final weights of each standard were determined. Experts attributed the closeness to the worn-out texture and the second group of experts to the standard of avoiding faults the highest weight. That was important the avoiding standards to hazardous site and the river, for the both experts group. Finally, the last weights obtained the opinions of experts groups from fuzzy hierarchical analysis have been entered in Arc GIS software and the relevant maps that have been prepared using weight overlap in this research. The results show that before the incident, the western part of the city has suitable for temporary accommodation, and after the incident, the central part of the city is appropriate for settlement site. In addition, by comparing the vulnerability maps of Tabriz, the necessary locations for the construction of a temporary housing site were prioritized.

Strategic planning of urban development is a new approach in urban planning and management, which relies on the principles of sustainable urban development, drawing a vision, formulating development goals, comprehensive and systematic confrontation with the basic problems of the city, and one of the strategies to achieve urban development is the sustainable regeneration of the fabric. Planning in worn-out urban areas has always been the most important issue of urban planning, and one of the strategies to achieve urban development is the sustainable regeneration of worn-out urban tissues. Strategic planning is used in order to properly deal with the future and solve the current complex problems. Urban development strategy focusing on strengthening economic competitiveness and reducing poverty and various environmental aspects of the city, urban spatial structure, infrastructure structures, cultural and social aspects, etc. It is the best option to achieve sustainable urban development. So far, the plans and programs that have been implemented to intervene in inefficient structures. Most of them have physical goals and they have ignored the main assets of these tissues in which the people live. Therefore, in order to solve the problems of the inefficient texture of the cities in the economic, social, cultural and physical fields, it is necessary to use effective approaches in this field, in order to take effective steps in order to preserve their identity and promote them, and by using a planning In a coherent manner and with the participation of all interested groups, he paid for the comprehensive improvement of these inefficient tissues.

One of the primary goals of the urban planning process is to maintain and improve the quality of the urban environment and consequently improve the quality of life. The concepts of quality of the environment and quality of life, which is actually an action against one-dimensional economic development at the national level and purely physical development at the urban scale, is an effort to achieve quality criteria in the field of urban planning; Therefore, the necessity of knowing the current state of urban life quality and measuring and evaluating it has become one of the most important aspects of studies in urban planning issues. The quality of urban life is one of the terms that does not have a clear and uniform definition; Although people instinctively understand its meaning easily, it is not the same concept for them. For this reason, its measurement requires a comprehensive and specific definition so that its various dimensions can be examined in a transparent manner; Therefore, indicators and criteria for measuring people's quality of life should be determined. Therefore, in this research, the main indicators and criteria for defining the quality of life were extracted from various texts, and then among them, suitable indicators for evaluating the quality of urban life in dilapidated urban contexts were selected and analyzed in Hashemi neighborhood, which is one of the dilapidated urban neighborhoods located in 10 district of Tehran. In the end, according to the investigations, it was determined that Hashemi neighborhood is facing problems from various aspects such as the high and prevalence of crime and delinquency among young people, the lack of quality recreational and leisure spaces, insecurity at night, etc., and appropriate solutions are needed. Solutions to these issues and problems were presented.

Currently, many cities in the country are facing a problem called worn-out texture. These textures are the old core of cities and have become worn out and inefficient over time, or formed in modern times without observing the rules and regulations of architecture and urban planning. And so they are now facing a lot of problems and they are spreading to the whole city. It seems that in the worn texture, due to the wide range and intensity of the problems facing these tissues, the most efficient approach that can be used to deal with With the shortcomings and shortcomings, it is possible to achieve the goals of sustainable development in the field of improvement of these tissues. A conceptual model has been proposed to determine potential risks in a qualitative manner in Fakharan neighborhood, located in the east of Kazerun city. The results show that the passage of buildings and the destruction of buildings are in the range of risk severity, respectively. Potential for the study area.

Many factors play a role in livability and intensification of livability, each of which affects the decisions and motivations of individuals and society to live and stay in some way. The presence of these factors leads to biological prosperity and their absence causes biological stagnation in a complex. Therefore, this study has been performed with the aim of investigating the factors affecting the livability of worn-out tissues in a descriptive-analytical manner. The statistical population of the study consists of residents of Banbarz neighborhood of Ilam city, 376 of whom are selected by Cochran's formula using the cluster random sampling method. The research tool is a researcher-made questionnaire, whose validity is confirmed by experts and its reliability is confirmed with a Cronbach's alpha of 0.968. Data analysis is performed through confirmatory factor analysis and one-sample t test in SPSS software. The results show that the social (through the factors of residents’ participation and social security), economic (through the factors of proper access to public services and urban facilities, the private sector's desire to invest in the tissue, living standards), physical (through the factors of quality and antiquity of buildings (the rate of wear of materials and buildings), the existence of identifying elements and visual index, adequate area of housing, adaptation of the dimensions of texture and density of floors), management (through integrated management factors among institutions, creating financial facilities for the residents of the tissue, the amount of support for investors in the tissue), and environmental components are identified as factors affecting livability in the Banberz neighborhood. Also, from the perspective of residents, the livability of the Banberz neighborhood is unsatisfactory (m=2.055), where the economic livability of the neighborhood is weaker than other components (m=1.925).

Todays, urban distressed textures are considered as a vital concern of managers, particularly in large cities. These areas, which also appear in official parts of cities, are vulnerable because of prospective problems. Lack of proper accessibility, services, facilities, and infrastructures, as well as social, economic, environmental and spatial problems, are key problems of these areas. Although extensive modernization and refinement have always been emphasized by urban managers, there is always a top-down approach apply for the renovation of these areas. Because of inhabitant’s poverty, social and constitutional problems, there is no chance for the renovation of these areas without the contribution of the public and private sector. Failure to pay enough attention to the key role of the people and the participation of citizens has promptly led to the failure of many modernization plans and programs. Considering the active interaction of citizens and the private sector in the process of building and upgrading these areas will increase the success of such projects. Using spatial decision support tools can represent an appropriate way for effective communication between stakeholders (residents, private and public sector). The purpose of the present research is to develop a citizen-centric spatial decision-making system to carefully foster and facilitate the process of constructive participation in urban distressed texture. The proposed system provides a combination of citizen-centered GIS capabilities and multi-criteria decision analysis in an open-source framework (open-source software and technologies) to facilitate citizen-centered modernization of urban distressed textures.

Ameri neighborhood of Ahvaz is one of the old Ahvaz textures and it is the primary nucleus of the city, with a highly dense and irregular texture suffering from problems such as narrow roads, lack of urban infrastructure and so on. In this study, the objective is to investigate the factors that affect the urban environment's rehabilitation with an emphasis on improving the quality of urban spaces. The research method is descriptive-analytical and in terms of its objectives, the study is a practical one. Data collection is done by field study and a questionnaire which is based on the physical, social, economic, and activity factors. The statistical population of the study includes all the residents in Ameri neighborhood. The sample size is calculated using Cochran's formula, giving a size of 100 participants, selected using cluster sampling in various parts of Ameri Neighborhood. The collected data have been analyzed using the analytical hierarchy process (AHP). The results of the study show that criteria such as painting the urban space, with a weight of 0.594; separation of the sidewalk, with a weight of 0.434; tradeoff in space with a weight of 0.434; and access to the space by all the age groups, with a weight of 375, respectively, have the most significant role in recreating urban worn-out areas of Ameri Neighborhood with an emphasize on the approach to improve the quality of urban spaces. Thus, strategies and suggestions such as reducing the density on the roads on Nahjul-Balaghah highway, introducing climate-friendly furniture, allocation of facilities to promote the growth of in-city enterprises and so on are presented.

One of the major problems in the Iranian cities is distressed urban areas, which has been caused by population growth and the rapid development of urbanization in recent years; this has led cities to displacement of citizens and consequently displacement of important urban utilities from primary residential areas to new ones. Gradually, the initial housing cores have been in major problems and changes in terms of performance and fabrics which leads to distress and decline in life quality of the citizens. Distressed urban textures is one of the most important issues of urban spaces, which is cause Disorganization, imbalance, lack of proportion and disproportion witch is classified into two categories, relative distressed (fabric or performance) and complete distressed (fabric and performance). The subject of restructuring urban decay is one of important subjects in developing urban frameworks. According to studies, 20 percent of urban areas located in urban decays, and 30 percent of the urban population are living in urban decay Therefore, renovation, rehabilitation and repair of these textures along with new ones is one of the important concerns of urban managers. This research tries to improve gentrification in Iran by providing a spatial model, Therefore the Qazvin city has been studied as one of the most important and historic cities in Iran. The research method in this research is descriptive-analytical and all of the functional and physical standards affecting urban distressing are identified and defined based on library studies, documentation and field observation. Then, by considering the ANP and Topsis models and validating them, the most appropriate method for determining the significance of the criteria is introduced as well as the combination of multi-criteria decision making models with Geographic Information System (GIS) and fuzzy logic has been used to identify and grade distressed neighborhoods in Qazvin.
The results of the research indicate that the social and economic factors (functional) of residents in urban neighborhoods have a significant impact on the structure and erosion of the neighborhoods, so that the final distressed texture map of the model`s output shows us that In contrast to the distressed texture map in 1387 and 1389, by using three indicators of Microhardness, impenetrability and instability, about only 14 percent of Qazvin city is estimated distressed (504 hectares), by considering 22 functional and physical indicators In this study, the identified area of distressed texture was 1564 hectares in the form of 27 neighborhoods, in the other words 42.8 percent of ​​ Qazvin`s area (3647 hectares) which all these studies indicates low quality of life in about half of the city of Qazvin.

The current study tries to investigate the role of social ecology in the worn-out urban textures of the central core in Ilam City. One of the main problems in Iran is the fatigue of urban textures. The worn-out urban textures, of any kind, are considered as challenges for the life of the city and whatever is left in the abandoned worn-out textures will not only precipitate in those areas but also it will spread to the entire city and will be reflect on the perspective of the city. The case study is the central district of Ilam City which is one the oldest areas. The method is descriptive-analytical. The statistical population includes all the residents in the worn-out textures of the central zone in Ilam City, which is13365 people. Moreover, the statistical sample of the study is 371 people by the use of Cochran’s formula and by the Simple Random Sampling Method. The data gathering tool was a questionnaire made by the researcher whose validity was confirmed by different academic experts and its reliability was confirmed using Cronbach’s Alpha, which was 0.83. The results of the study show that all the hypotheses of the study are confirmed. This means that the economic, social, and cultural state of the residents of the central area of Ilam City affect the fatigue and inefficiency of this area.

The World Wide Web Consortium (W3C) defines the semantic web as a framework to share and reuse of data between groups, communities and applications. In this relation Tim Berners-Lee proposed the idea of “web of data” that can be processed by machines. In order to reach the aims of semantic web, there are needs to data representation languages, knowledge bases and rule bases that are known as semantic web technologies. In the world of spatial data, the semantic information has important roles in different activities of spatial analysis and data management. In this research the spatial semantics are dealt with a difference in two levels. The first is all the semantics about the location and geometry of an individual object and the second is about the arrangement and mixture of objects in an extent. The latter is more related to spatial relations that cause complexities to cope with. The semantic explicating of such concepts in relational spatial databases has some limitations such as non-flexibility of database schema, non-flexibility of data types, the restricted defining of sub-classes, implicit semantics of relations and finite number of joins between tables. The exclusive characteristics of semantic web technologies in storing, managing and retrieving of data and knowledge lead to a wide range of applications; also the applications independent of web environment. The databases defined in semantic web technologies are based on graph structures and present the advantages of logical databases, object-oriented data bases and network databases. The introduced capabilities are applied to explicate the concept of "deteriorated structures" in urban environments. This concept is inherently non-spatial but has two complementary spatial interpretations; permeability and fine granularity; which make it possible that the concept to be explicit in spatial data of urban layouts. The scenario which based on, the semantic of " deteriorated area" is made explicit starts from a point, that by acquiring its coordinates it is determined whether this point is located within the such area or not? Handling of the spatial data of the case study in district 12 of Tehran and the procedure to semantic explicating of “deteriorated area” are done in the spatial and semantic extension of Oracle DBMS. The spatial data of urban parcels and streets accompanied with area of parcels and width of streets are used. In order to model the spatial relations, all the neighborhood relations between parcels and intersection relations between streets are also entered as linked data to triple store. In addition to RDF data, a rule base to exploit the concepts of “connected streets” and “co-blocked parcels” and also to define the conditions of narrow streets and small parcels is needed. Using some SPARQL queries the percentages of parcels with less than 200 m2 area and the streets with less than 6 m width are presented. The infinite number of inter tabular joints which have many applications in the spatial relations, is the main shortcoming of conventional databases and means we cannot express an infinite, recursively defined sequence of similar expressions. The procedure shows the deficiency of relational spatial database about recursive relations and implicit relations especially the spatial ones can be satisfied by semantic web data models and knowledge management techniques.