spf

In this study, the sperm quality indicators of rainbow trout breeders in selected Specific Pathogen Free (SPF) farms of the country were investigated in order to plan the long-term preservation of rainbow trout sperm through cryopreservation and creating a sperm bank in the next phase. Sperm samples from 24 breeders from six selected SPF farms from West-Azerbaijan and Mazandaran provinces were collected and evaluated. The average density of sperm is 7.83 ± 4 billion per milliliter, the average volume of extracted sperm is 9.2 ± 1.6 ml, the average percentage of motility and its duration were 78.7 ± 10.3% and 26.6 ± 4.4 seconds, the average pH was 7.74 ± 0.23 and the fertilization percentage of the samples was as 92.8 ± 1.2%. The results showed that the pH 7.7-7.8 is the most appropriate value for inducing motility and its increasing or decreasing relative to this value causes a decrease in fertilization efficiency. Also, a positive correlation between pH and sperm motility (r = 0.533) and fertility (r = 0.67) was determined. According to the obtained information, the characteristics of the best sperm sample is selected for long-term storage and the creation of a genetically diverse sperm bank and targeted management of rainbow trout reproduction.

microalgae produce a wide range of protective compounds and pigments (mycosporid-like amino acids, Scytonemines, phycobiliproteins, and carotenoids) against ultraviolet (UV) radiation, which specially reduce the risk of skin cancer and aging. To compare the effect of solvents on UV protection factor (SPF) as well as the extacted amounts of carbohydrates, proteins and phycobiliproteins of Spirulina platensis different solvents including aqueous, ethanolic, methanolic, aqueous/ethanolic and aqueous /methanol were used. The yield of lyophilized extracts was compared. The results showed that ethanolic extract had a higher protective factor than other extracts (SPF=11.94 ± 0.00) also, this extract showed a higher amount of carbohydrates (2.39 ± 0.002 mg/ml) than other extracts. Aqueous extract had the highest amount of phycobiliproteins and extraction efficiency between other lyophilized extracts (90.05%). Inconclusion, due to the significant amount of SPF of ethanolic extract, the useage of this extract in sunscreen formulations as a natural UV filter coulb be suggested.

The aim of this study was to monitor and evaluate the environmental and directory risk factors affecting the occurrence of some specific viral diseases in the region in the region of establishing a large-scale project of rainbow trout production of specific pathogens free (SPF) in the country in order to achieve the guidelines for managing and reducing the risks assessed in the pre-quarantine hall and the SPF center. For this purpose, after completing the questionnaire of physical and chemical indicators of pre-quarantine water inlet and outlet such as oxygen, temperature, pH, nitrite, nitrate, ammonium, ammonia and total bacteria were measured for 6 months from May to October 2017 according to the standard method. Also fish in the pre-quarantine hall were sampled to check for the possibility of infection with IPN, IHN and VHS viruses. The results showed that the average temperature, soluble oxygen, pH, nitrite, nitrate, ammonium, ammonia and total count water of the pre-quarantine hall entrance were respectively 17±1.55°C, 8.32±0.65 mg/l, 8.98±0.37 mg/l, 0.003±0.000 mg/l, 3.10±0.71 mg/l, 0.09±0.10 mg/l, 0.08±0.09 mg/l and 90.50±86.58 colony units per ml and outlet water were respectively 17.59±1.46°C, 8.20±0.62 mg/l, 8.18±0.35 mg/l, 0.040±0.040 mg/l, 3.74±1.14 mg/l, 0.09±0.07 mg/l, 0.08±0.07 mg/l and 784.50±1329.95 colony units per ml. The findings of this study indicate that in the process of producing rainbow trout of Specific Pathogens Free (SPF) from pre-breeder to breeder stage in pre-quarantine hall, there has been avoidance the entry of pathogens. And fluctuations in the physical and chemical indicators of water during the breeding period, the lack of a central oxygen generator, problems with the aeration system and the low flow of incoming water were identified as risk factors.