مکان یابی

Anticipating the needs after disasters is a wise and prudent thing, and studying and predicting places for temporary dwelling after disasters, including earthquakes in metropolises like Tehran, is the main subject of this research. In a metropolis, each area may have different characteristics and different choices for locating post-disaster temporary dwelling. In this article, with an overview of the criteria for locating temporary dwelling after the earthquake, as well as the background of research in this area about locating in smaller cities or other areas of Tehran metropolis, firstly, theoretical and theoretical criteria for locating temporary dwelling are macro-analyzed. And then these criteria have been specifically evaluated and measured in the 10th district of Tehran. The purpose of this research is to analyze the criteria for choosing suitable places for locating temporary dwelling after the probable earthquake in metropolitan cities.

This research was done with a mixed method (a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods) and sampling was done with analogical and inductive methods. The method of qualitative content analysis of texts, coding (texts and reports and in-depth interviews with scientific experts and technical agents as well as managers of specialized departments), comparative comparison of criteria with case studies has resulted in obtaining the primary criteria. After the analysis of the criteria, on the other hand, for the feasibility and final location in the district 10 of ​​Tehran, in addition to the hierarchical process method, it was used for the final location.

A number of thirty places inside the region and three places outside the region were introduced, measured and introduced in order of priority. The examination of findings led to the announcement of results. Based on that, it is suggested that some scientific policies in the specialized field of location for post-disaster temporary dwelling be reviewed and structural changes.

The results of this research show that we will not necessarily be able to find a location for temporary dwelling in all areas of a metropolis because the conditions, facilities and characteristics of each area are different from another area in a metropolis. One of the important results of this research is that due to the nature of urban development and the formation structure of Tehran, many areas of this city - including district 10 - do not have the necessary capacity to locate a temporary dwelling after the earthquake in the area. Therefore, in the final part of the research, proposed changes in the areas of policymaking and urban planning have been presented.

Considering the expansion of cities and the indiscriminate influx of population towards urbanization in the country, the need for proper design in order to provide safe, accessible and easy services is one of the priorities in urban planning and location. Gasoline fuel supply as the main factor of the energy cycle in the field of urban transportation, as well as its vulnerability and high impact as a result of the occurrence of accidents, the need to address the issue of location and location of the mentioned locations in cities, especially in border cities such as Zahedan is important due to the specific political, social, security and economic conditions. In this research, it has been tried to take a practical look at the issue of the effect of the five main criteria that are mentioned in detail in the text, considering the specific conditions of Zahedan city, the issue of establishing urban gas stations in terms of surrounding uses by using the model Fuzzy AHP should be investigated and evaluated. The reason for choosing this method is that it is more accurate than other similar methods. The document related to this topic is included in the article in its entirety with reference

The use of non-active defense principles at different levels of urban planning is a solution to reduce vulnerability to potential hazards, which unfortunately has not been given much attention. In this research, parts of the 22nd district of Tehran city were considered for the construction of a water treatment plant. The suitable map of the land for the construction of the treatment plant was obtained in five optimal areas and the places were classified in five weighting categories. The use of non-active defense principles at different levels of urban planning is a solution to reduce vulnerability to potential hazards, which unfortunately has not been given much attention. In this research, parts of the 22nd district of Tehran city were considered for the construction of a water treatment plant. The suitable map of the land for the construction of the treatment plant was obtained in five optimal areas and the places were classified in five weighting categories.

Urban growth and urban development have created many problems for cities, and Site selection of urban services can be effective in regulating the functioning of cities in large measure. The network of fuel stations is a municipal service, which acts as a fuel supplier to the urban transport sector and in turn is important for traffic considerations, urbanization, safety and environmental issues. In this study, at first, 18 criteria in three socio-economic, physical, technical and operational environments were selected as effective criteria. Then the spatial data became standard in the GIS environment and turned into new information layers. Each of the criteria and sub-criteria were weighed in terms of their importance in site selection of optimum positions of CNG fuel supply through the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) process, and after integrating the weighted layers, the map of the optimum location areas for CNG fuel was produced. According to the results 48.58% of the area, it has the potential to build the CNG fuel supply location. Also, of the 8 CNG and dual fuel stations in Ahvaz, only 2 stations with suitable conditions are located in the north of zone 2. 3 stations in completely inappropriate areas, 2 stations in inappropriate areas and 2 positions in the middle areas. As a result, it can be argued that Ahvaz has a high potential for building Fuel station, but with a lack of site selection of CNG fuel, which can be solved with proper management and appropriate allocation of funds for the implementation of site selection design projects for CNG fuel and it is possible to take steps in the direction of rural sustainable development policy

Childhood is the most important period of life. In this period, an individual acquires a personal identity and learns the norms, values, behaviors, and social skills. Family is recognized as the most influential agent in the socialization of the individual. School is another important agent of socialization. In this regard, urban spaces, which connect these two agents, have an important influence on the growth of the children. The distance between home and school and spaces connecting these two spaces such as paths, parks, playgrounds, and supermarkets are the most interesting spaces for the children in the city. Thus, it is necessary to pay attention to these components when designing urban areas. Nowadays, there are not any special designs available and these mentioned spaces do not have the security and functionality needed for an active presence of children. Probably, this is why the number of children using private transportation is highly increasing these days. As a result, children have less physically active, leading to traffic in the city and making more air and noise pollution. With the improvement in the accessibility to schools and surrounding spaces by creating sidewalks, which are a combination of playgrounds and other activities related to children’s characteristics, this problem can be fixed to some extent.  With less independent mobility, children have a reduced ability to navigate and experience the city living in. Urban designers can help children by designing the safest crossing route. To design a safe route, many government and non-government organizations should corporate together. This safe walking route must be designed in a way to have enough attraction for children. In the present study, it is tried to locate and provide the principles of designing the route of home to school for children based on the Walking School Bus model in the Punak district of Tehran. This objective is realized using the survey method, field research, and fuzzy method in GIS software. From the results obtained by this study, it is possible to design safe walking routes to school by Walking Bus Model such that to improve the physical and spiritual conditions of children in the urban spaces. Such a design is accompanied by less pollution, traffic, expenses, and time, as well as developing social participation of children and their parents in the quarter. Furthermore, the results of this research show that the route from school back to home can be different, more attractive, and have more stops than the route from home to school.

The need for gardening in different periods in different areas and for different people has led to the creation of different types of Iranian gardens. In the physical space of some Iranian gardens, in addition to the main and inner mansion space, there are also service and side spaces. One of the most important service spaces is the hot tub, and this research deals with this independent use as an element dependent on the garden, and by studying nine examples of hot tubs in the garden, it has investigated the physical and functional patterns of hot tubs in Iranian gardens. The question is, what are the physical and functional patterns of hot springs in Iranian gardens? This research is of a qualitative type and the research method is in the descriptive-analytical theoretical part. Library information collection tools. Based on the obtained information, the physical and functional patterns of hot springs located in the garden were analyzed using comparative analysis. The results of the research show that the hot springs built in the gardens were mostly private or private-public. In some gardens, there is a formal connection between the geometry of the vestibule or the partition space of the pavilion, with the geometry of the Garmaba garden space.By analyzing the positioning of garmabeh in relation to the main axis, sub-axis, koshk and sardar, it can be seen that in all gardens, garmabeh is located in the sub-axis of the garden and in connection with the koshk or the sardar building.

One of the essential responsibilities of urban planners is to designate accommodating locations for the implementation of crisis emergency bases. However, the responsibilities may not be fulfilled unless following the identification of the land’s susceptibilities and limitations in terms of natural disasters, especially flood. In other words, fitting managing measures are impossible to design until the geographic status of the area on which a city is located. Success and effectiveness of any crisis emergency bases’ operation highly depends on the establishment and organization of elements in the relevant time and space. The condition of such elements should be planned based on specific principles and mechanisms. Any failure in complying necessary principles and directives during a process of finding appropriate locations for crisis emergency bases decreases their efficiency as well as leading to additional detrimental conduct, disorder, disturbance, etc. Hence, the present study attempted to evaluate locating priorities for crisis emergency bases in terms of effective criteria, including hospital, fire department, green areas, flood prone zones functions and gas stations, airports, watercourses and passages as well as sportive and religious functions, utilizing hierarchical analysis, fuzzy model and geographic information system. Ultimately, an application of all criteria along with field observation findings resulted in the formation of extensive scopes of priorities of locating proper sites for developing crisis emergency bases. Finding from priority scopes analysis indicated that west areas of the studied zone are more suitable for developing crisis emergency bases in comparison the remaining areas.

Reducing the density of open and green urban spaces in today's cities has created many challenges related to the social health of citizens on the one hand and the urban environment on the other hand. In fact, principled communication with public open and green spaces in cities, and planning based on the environment and sustainability, in addition to providing a platform for the emergence of healthy activities and the development of public sports, can be beneficial for the health of the environment and also a significant impact on people's physical and mental health. Considering the rare potential of Iran in relation to the promotion of public sports and the environment, planning for sports parks can be in this direction. Therefore, the aim of this research is locating and environmental design of the sport parks with development of public sports concept approach. This research is descriptive-analytical in terms of method and practical in terms of purpose, in which field studies, library studies related to the factors affecting site selection and environmental design have been examined and finally the important criteria for sote selection of sport park in Chitgar forest park were determined. Then, using GIS, the required data from the scope of the study will be recognized and analyzed and the maps related to each of these criteria in Chitgar forest park were presented. Results show that the criteria in order to importance such as slope, direction, soil drainage, texture and fertility of soil, land use, as well as accessibility and density of vegetation in the study area will influence the site selection of sports parks. Based on these results and through the superimposition of the explained layers in Arc Map, areas of Chitgar Park have been identified as suitable places for the construction of a sports park, and finally, a strategic plan for these areas with development of the concept of public sports approach has been proposed.

Nowadays, ecotourism has become an important economic activity in natural areas throughout the world, providing tourists with the opportunity to experience natural and cultural symbols and appreciate the importance of preserving biodiversity and local cultures. At the same time, this activity purpose to contribute to environmental preservation and provide economic benefits for local communities. The purpose of this study is to determine optimal locations for building an ecotourism accommodation in the village of Namarestagh, Amol. The present study is both practically and methodologically descriptive-analytical in nature, focusing on the field of urban planning. In order to achieve the research objective, information was gathered through a review of sources in the field of optimal location for ecotourism resorts, using multivariate decision-making methods and geographic information systems. Effective location criteria were identified and finalized by experts in the local tourism industry, and relevant digital maps were prepared. The final criteria used in this study include slope, vegetation cover, distance from residential areas, proximity to transportation routes, proximity to water resources, and tourism climate.Then the desired criteria were standardized and weighted using the AHP and fuzzy methods in a professional and effective manner. Ultimately, combining the layers using the WLC method resulted in a final potential map for eco-tourism accommodation development. The results of criterion weighting indicated that surface water resources, vegetation cover, transportation routes, slope, tourism climate, and habitat had the highest to lowest weights, respectively. The final results showed that seven polygons with over 70% potential were suitable for eco-tourism accommodation in the Namarestagh village. Polygon 1 had the highest potential score of 7110/0 while Polygon 6 had the lowest potential score of 6335/0. In total, 82 hectares of the studied area had a potential of over 70% for the development of eco-tourism accommodations.

The temporary settlement of the affected population is a process that requires the identification of suitable spaces for the settlement of the population, planning, management and providing appropriate solutions before and during a possible earthquake. Region 3 of Tehran municipality is a prone area for earthquakes and the presence of faults affecting the vulnerability of Tehran city, including Masha faults, North Tehran fault, and Ray fault, as well as the influence of faults in and around the region, including Mahmoodieh fault, Davodieh fault, Telo Bayan fault, and Xian and Kausar increase the risk of earthquakes in this region. This issue has shown the necessity of crisis management and the discussion of locating optimal spaces for temporary accommodation, especially green and open spaces after an earthquake to provide assistance and accommodation to citizens. Therefore, the issue of locating, determining urban spaces with the ability of temporary accommodation and providing a suitable pattern of accommodation by considering the effective spatial parameters and factors is considered the most important goal of this research to manage the crisis after the possible earthquake of Tehran in region 3. This research is applied in terms of its purpose and its research method is descriptive-analytical. In this regard, previous studies have been examined using documentary and library studies, a conceptual framework and a review of experiences. This research was done by qualitative and quantitative data analysis and by identifying the criteria and principles of locating temporary settlements and weighting the criteria through a pairwise comparison matrix. Hierarchical AHP method has been used to locate existing open spaces.

Today, the green spaces of parks can be one of the main places for temporary accommodation, especially in the 1st district of Tehran, due to its location in the main underground axis of danger during an earthquake. Therefore, choosing a "suitable place for temporary settlement" of populations affected by accidents is one of the most important issues that is always the concern of organizations responsible for crisis management. In Iran and most parts of the world, the location selection for citizens' green space after an accident is usually done experimentally by relief organizations without considering the necessary standards. Therefore, the main topic of this article is the location of urban green spaces for temporary accommodation using fuzzy algorithms. The research method is to perform fuzzy integration operation and green space locating operation for temporary accommodation, considering the wide capabilities of IDRISI software, which was used in multi-criteria decision analysis problems. The results of this research show that according to the definite limits applied in the Boolean method (classical method), in this method, the located areas have more number than the methods based on fuzzy logic. to be The findings of the research show that the WLC method, despite its simplicity, has a very high efficiency and gives the power to the trustees to assign different weights to different factors according to their importance. Assign Also, in the end, it seems that Jamshidiyeh Park in the first place and Qaitarieh Park in the second place have the maximum combined points of Boolean and Fuzzy logic to enjoy temporary accommodation in the 1st district of Tehran.

The use and commercialization of natural heritage and turning it into a tourism product has become an ideal strategy for sustainable development in potential but neglected areas. Eco-camps are low-cost accommodations with minimal environmental damage that can satisfy nature-loving tourists from all over the world during their stay. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the feasibility and locating an eco-camp in Kermanshah province with international standards. The statistical population of this study was 137 domestic and foreign tourists visiting Kermanshah province before 2020, fifty famous eco-camps and 7,608 guests staying in these fifty eco-camps. In this research, it was tried to determine the most suitable type of eco-camp by determining the most important facilities and in the most prone point of Kermanshah province using image analysis, econometrics, machine learning and information analysis methods based on GIS maps. The parameters in the confusion matrix are all close to 0.8 and as a result the matrix has a high predictive power. Also, the function determined for the model of the facilities of this research with a high degree of significance covers 62% of the facilities of eco-camps. Summarizing the results of three stages of research showed that Chalabeh village of Kermanshah by creating a Mountainside eco-camp with facilities such as: breakfast serving, airport transportation, parking and picnic place, hiking and safari tours, and personal hygiene equipment and also in accordance with the rules Construction of buildings such as: access to the road network, suitable slope, reasonable height from the ground and distance from natural disasters can make a dreamy stay for nature-lovers in the pristine attractions of Kermanshah province.

Due to the increasing growth of cities, the possibility of urbanization and condensation, according to the urban uses that can ask you for fire and shelter theory so that they can easily buy and can easily ask you. This consultation can be done by an expert, you can do your services, and we provide you with our services, and you can use these services to enjoy these services. Ahwaz made the most adjustments according to the conditions, according to the priorities.

The present paper aims to optimize the self-confidence of urban uses on rankings.

with a deep and extensive overview in the research literature, the most important criteria used in the locating of fire stations Identified and extracted. Then, in order to fit the criteria identified in the previous step, The Delphi technique is used and the criteria that Experts had less disagreement on them were chosen. In order to weigh and prioritize the criteria selected in the previous step, one of the most effective and innovative techniques in operation research Named Best Worst Method (BWM) was used. Finally, using the PROMETHEE technique, four potential locations for fire station construction were ranked.

The final results from weighting the criteria indicated that The number of villages in the margin (the number of villages under the fire protection area of the city); Residential centers (neighborhoods with residential structures, settlements and towers); and distance (distance between stations from places with potential fire) respectively with weights of 0.092, 0.088 and 0.068 have been allocated in The first to third places.

The results of the ranking of potential locations showed that the location of the Paddah area located at Ayatollah Behbahani Boulevard is the most suitable location for the construction of a fire station. Subsequently, the locations of the Khorramshahr, Koi Farhangian, and steel houses' highways were ranked second to fourth respectively for the construction of the fire station.

Housing and its related policies are important for every government. The rapid growth of urban population and the lack of space and environmental problems caused by large industries have implanted these industries outside city limits. Aiming at preserving their workforce and making them more comfortable with organizing institutional housing, these industries have adopted various policies for this purpose. The aim of this paper is to study the pathology of organizational housing location. To achieve this, the present study has analysed the planning of construction of residential houses for about 850 employees of Bandar Abbas Gas Condensate Refinery in the first phase and 1200 people in the second phase. Accordingly, residence satisfaction and quality of life environment were examined firstly, and then locating organizational houses with the same situation inside the city and its outside limits were investigated. Gas Condensate Refinery employees and their needs were identified and prioritized based on the priorities of the refinery management and the rate of importance coefficient using the Delphi method. Comparative studies of housing in both indoor and outdoor options have been performed qualitatively at first and then organizational accommodation options with AHP ranking model. Comparative economic studies are also presented in a separate section due to their slightly more accurate predictability. Finally, after the studies, the suggestions and classification of housing types in accordance with the housing and organizational audience and the proposed strategies for optimal accommodation of employees have been presented. The key finding of this study is that the establishment of organizational housing units near an industry will not necessarily be economically, socially or environmental successful compared to supply in central cities.

Nomadic life is a way of life with annual relocation in which a group of people moves with their cattle from winter tents to summer pastures and returns to their winter camps in the cold season. The most important characteristic of nomadic life is movement to meet the needs of their life style. This relocation requires certain conditions which overshadow all aspects of nomadic life such as architecture, culture, mood, and even physical characteristics. The nomadic way of life is based on the pattern of movement and settlement which means that the part of nomads’ lives, about two to three months, is being spent moving along the path and the rest, about four to five months, in the "summer" residence and ultimately about four to five months, in the "winter" residence. Thus, during this relocation, two different lifestyles are formed for the nomads, one along the migration route and the other during the settlement in the summer and winter camps. The settlement structure of the nomads in each of these two periods is subjected to different conditions. The study of the physical-spatial system of the nomadic settlement in these two periods and the challenges related to them are the subjects of the present study. Accordingly, the main research questions can be posed as follows:-What are the most important challenges regarding the shape of nomadic settlements along the migration route and what the conditions of accommodation in summer and winter resorts are? - What are the main principles which form the spatial organization of nomadic settlements, the migration route and summer and winter camps? The research method is as follows:Four Boyer-Ahmad tribes were selected as random samples and their places of residence were visited in two winter and summer areas as well as along the migration route and ultimately, the research information was extracted and analyzed. The research is of qualitative type and based on a case study of nomadic lifestyle. Data collection was done in the form of direct observation as well as in-depth and semi-structured interviews with the residents of these tribes. The present study examines residential patterns in two contexts by considering the length of the migration route and summer and winter accommodation and the analysis is based on these two axes in the form of two separate observations. In each follow-up, introducing the way of nomads’ life in that case is accompanied with analyzing the system governing the spatial establishment and the shape of their habitat. Finally, the results showed that finding a suitable place to live for a few days on the Ilarah route is the most important challenge for nomads on the Koch route. Therefore, in that situation, applying the natural elements to create suitable conditions for multi-day accommodation is inevitable as the nomads use rocks and natural barriers to create more enclosure to ensure animal safety, consider proximity of water sources for livestock and family members, the existence of a suitable pasture for a few days' accommodation and the use of sunlight and good wind to provide comfort in the tent. However, in the settlement of nomads in summer and winter camps, the emphasis on different levels of territory is considered as one of the main factors in shaping the physical-spatial system of nomadic settlements. The issue of different levels of territory can be considered in both objective and subjective dimensions. In the objective dimension, territory includes the area owned by nomadic families and in the subjective dimension, levels of private, semi-public and public domain due to the spatial arrangement of blacklists in the camp residence are considered.