cooperation

Based on the results and statistics obtained from the cost and income of urban households in Iran, the average cost of housing in the cost basket of urban households is approximately 35% (more than 50% in Tehran), which is more than It also reaches 75%. Meanwhile, in the successful countries of the world, efforts have been made to ensure that this share does not exceed its permitted and conventional limit, which is less than 15%. Also, with the growth of the urban population, especially in the period after the Islamic Revolution, Iran faced a housing crisis. Therefore, various companies and departments decided to establish housing cooperatives and the cooperatives became its present form.The purpose of this research is to provide effective solutions to improve the efficiency of Isfahan municipal employees’ housing cooperative. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of nature and method. To collect the required data, two documentary and field methods have been used. This research was carried out using the strategic analysis (SWOT) method. To interview and complete the questionnaire, 65 experts and experts related to the field of urban planning in Isfahan province and university professors were used.The obtained results show, in the strengths section; The existence of specialist forces, in the area of weaknesses; The low level of cooperation between organizations and cooperatives in the evaluation of external factors; The per capita provision of housing in the province and the lack of confidence of the banks in the cooperative due to delayed installments are the most important factors. Also, the prioritization of applicable strategies to improve the efficiency of Isfahan Municipal Housing Cooperative is presented in this research.

Due to the unexpected nature of natural disasters, any mismanagement in dealing with them may lead to more serious crises. However, providing an effective management of disasters and having an immediate control over the situation need the extensive cooperation of public and private organizations and the participation of people in the form of network governance. This study investigates the views of 140 participants, selected from the statistical population of the research using stratified random sampling. The statistical population includes the managers and the representatives of member organizations of 14 workgroups in the Crisis Management Headquarters of Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province. The participants were asked about the impact of network governance on the elements of crisis management (prevention, preparedness, response, and recovery). The study has an applied purpose, and the required data were collected through correlational and survey research. With regard to the research background, after drawing the conceptual framework of the research, a questionnaire was designed for the researchers and after obtaining the necessary reliability and validity, data were collected. Then, according to the method of structural equations and factor-analysis using smart pls statistical software, the research hypotheses were tested. After performing the necessary statistical tests, while confirming the research hypotheses, it was found that network governance has a positive relationship with the elements of crisis management. The most effective components of network governance on the elements of crisis management are: prevention (0.78), response (0.75), preparedness (0.74) and recovery (0.62). Therefore, it is necessary to apply the components of network governance as an interactive method of disasters and crises, in the natural disasters of Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad Province. The stages of application are respectively as follows: prevention, response, preparedness and recovery. Moreover, it is suggested to establish a network of coordinated, efficient and effective organizations that have transparency and democracy in decision-making and action. This way, we can achieve network governance, and the crisis management of Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad province may have the most efficiency.

Urban planning has been done by different approaches but، a major procedure can be seen that is conversion of Top-down planning idea to Bottom-up planning idea that needs participation and cooperation of people in planning. This idea can be seen frequently in contemporary renovation plans in Iran too. In that regard، one of the most important factors in urban renovation plans is being supported by residents and encouraging them to cooperate. Achieving this goal can affect the renovation process and make economic benefits. Cooperation in urban renovation plans leads to sustainability and stability in urban fabric and its users. Cooperation and trying to improve living area can create stronger identity and sense of belonging between people and their neighbor that tends to improved life quality beside reduced renovation costs. But، how to encourage the residents to cooperate is a goal that this paper tries to reach on the base of game theory and understanding cooperators behavior. Game theory provides general mathematical techniques for analyzing situations in which two or more individuals make decisions that will influence one another`s welfare. In this way، this paper discusses the game theory and the prisoner’s dilemma game، and using a tow section model of this game to shows the way people cooperate in tow section cooperation and also shows possible conditions for cooperation. In the next step، it studies two experiences in this field: First، the renovation plan for the central part of Mashhad as one of the most important renovation plans in Iran which considered the residents’ satisfaction and participation as one of its main goals، although it almost failed to encourage them to cooperate. And the second، the renovation plan for Oudlajan bazaar in Tehran as a plan that succeeds to encourage residents to cooperate. Then it compares the results of these two cases and the results of prisoner`s dilemma model to find the best way to encourage people for cooperation. The comparison shows that The prisoner`s dilemma model is closer to the Oudlajan experience (the relatively successful case). The results shows that a complete cooperation needs a shared space that people and government can interact and play their roles in there، and also shows that the most encouraging factor for people to cooperate is to provide their benefits in cooperation process، But it should be noted that there are some factors، like using social mechanisms that can reduce the impact of economy factor somewhat. It shows that involving people from the beginning (decision making)، let them trust well because، there is no risk in this section. People in a cooperation need time to make a decision and they use different strategies in this way that almost is based on other cooperators decisions and their experiences. A cooperation process should be done in different sections and the last section should not be demonstrated to people. It should be noted that none of the experiences used game theory as a basic theory for their planning process.