rural development

Architectural strategies toward rural business spaces and its relationship have great importance in rural development. The study aims to examine the impact of rural architecture on rural business (architectural strategies for the development of rural business spaces).

This research is a qualitative study; synthesis type. We analyzed scientific articles that published in the period from 2000 to 2021. The sample size were 37 articles and a six-step model of Roberts and peticro synthesis (2006) was used to analyze the data, and finally a conceptual framework was developed.

Architectural strategies toward rural business spaces classified into 3 main components of architecture (livelihood housing) - non-residential (rural and agricultural) - hybrid (increased activity, inconsistency).  The architectural component (livelihood housing) includes: reducing the cost of construction and production of buildings - increasing the role of women and rural employment ( livelihood housing, second home) - avoiding some features of urban housing while improving the field of living and non-residential landscape (village and agriculture) includes prioritizing the preservation of agricultural land over the construction of Villa towns, increasing agricultural production, livestock & even services, and the combined component  includes combining and increasing activities, Indigenous, new and mixed practices in design, construction and production and separation and it's the adaptation of agricultural and livestock spaces to domestic biological spaces.

These artitectural strategies can be effective in improving rural business spaces and economic outputs.

In the direction of sustainable rural development and the enjoyment of a sustainable livelihood for the villagers, it is possible to take advantage of the complementary activities of agriculture in the villages. It provides welfare services and facilities in the context of improving the quality of life and balanced distribution in the village. On the other hand, Iran's villages have natural attractions, potential social, cultural and environmental resources and potentials, it is a commitment in the development of rural tourism. The research method is a survey with the method of analyzing strategic factors in Masuleh, which was carried out in 1401. In the present research, which uses the survey and meta-analysis method, an attempt has been made to explain the position of tourism in the development of ecotourism in Masuleh in the framework of strategic factor analysis (SWOT) in addition to evaluating and revising the approaches of rural tourism development. The findings of the research show that the type of approach in the development process of functional, strategic, structural and strategic rural tourism, along with the commitment to sustainable rural development, can be effective in the planning process of rural tourism. Also, the development of health centers and infrastructures are among the main priorities for the development of ecotourism in Masuleh.

Soil erosion in Iran is one of the major threats to rural settlements. Trench erosion has a significant role in land degradation, especially in semi-arid areas and loose soils with low adhesion. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of watershed management structures on quality of life and prevent the migration of villagers and their satisfaction with the implementation of watershed management structures as well as the performance of mechanical structures in controlling moat erosion and reducing vulnerability through library surveys. Geology, geomorphology and field observations of ditches and mechanical watershed management structures have been performed to study the physical and environmental effects of the implementation of structures and finally by completing a questionnaire of the effects of watershed management structures on the quality of life of villagers in social aspects. Economic, physical and environmental have been studied. The study village is located in the mountainous region of East Golestan province and in Shourdareh sub-basin of Qarnaveh catchment area of ​​Gorganrood river in geographical coordinates of 55.67 east longitude and 37.71 north latitude. According to the studies, the effects of watershed management projects in social, economic, physical and environmental aspects have a significant impact on the quality of life of villagers and in addition to providing full satisfaction with the implementation of watershed management structures, increase livestock production, agriculture and garden construction. And has formed a reverse migration to the village. Considering the implementation of watershed management structures in this village, which has been held by holding orientation-educational classes for residents and exploiters and has increased the efficiency of structures, improved quality of life and increased residents' satisfaction, it is recommended in rural settlements Involved in the risk of moat erosion, study, implementation and operation of watershed management projects through the participation of residents.

Housing is considered as one of the most important elements of human settlements, especially in rural areas. However, providing suitable housing is one of the major challenges in rural areas due to the low financial power of villagers and the vulnerability of housing to natural disasters. For this purpose, the policy makers in the form of development programs specify credits for the retrofitting of houses to be provided to the residents of the villages through executive bodies. In Iran, the highest documents in the field of development policies of different regions and especially villages are related to 5-year economic, social and cultural development plans. In this regard, evaluating the extent and manner of the impact of these development plans in rural areas can determine the role of government policy in the development of villages. For this purpose, the current research was written with the aim of evaluating the impact of government policies on the architecture of the houses in the villages of Astara county, with an emphasis on the fourth and fifth development plans. The research method in the present research is qualitative with a descriptive-analytical nature, in order to collect and analyze information, was used the qualitative method of "ethnography" (observation, interview, photography and note-taking). The statistical population of the research is the houses of the villages of Astara county, and the sample size is estimated to be 384 houses based on the Cochran method. Also, the sample size includes 192 new and newly built houses (houses that have received facilities) and 192 old houses. It is worth mentioning that the maximum balance has been tried to be observed in the spatial distribution of housing samples in the villages of Astara county. The findings of the research show that the housing credits are available to most of the villagers and have made the houses in the villages of Astara county more stable and durable. However, among the other effects of these credits, we can mention the reduction of the level of biological activities in the residential unit, the reduction of the number of rooms and the level of the infrastructure of the houses, the change in the type of plan and also the reduction of the use of local technologies in the construction of houses. On the other hand, the results indicate the urbanization of villages and the reduction of identity in their bodies, as well as the reduction of cultural values and conformity with the old and traditional pattern of the field and the studied area in the new designs of residential units. On the other hand, the cultural changes in some villages have caused that in the cyclical course of time alternative cultural values have threatened the identity of the houses and reduced the sense of belonging to a place in the villages from a physical-spatial point of view. Therefore, it is necessary to pay basic attention to the prevailing cultural background in the new construction designs in the studied villages, and the new designs pay attention to the qualitative elements (culture, values, community, etc.) in addition to the quantitative indicators, and not be only imitate the urban dwellings.

Enhancing and capacity building of rural communities and organizations is one of the prerequisites for sustainable development. One of the effective strategies for sustainable rural development is the role of social capital. Social capital is the result of interactions between individuals, organizations, and institutions, based on trust and solidarity, facilitated through social participation and cooperation. The purpose of this research is to examine the dimensions of social capital (trust and social participation) in rural development for empowering local communities. In this research, the social capital of the community network in the village of Eshtivan is examined through completing a questionnaire for network analysis and conducting direct interviews with members of rural development subgroups. The research was conducted with a social network approach. Therefore, participatory workshops were held to mobilize social resources in the village, which in turn laid the groundwork for the formation of rural development subgroups. In order to achieve social empowerment, social capital components such as participation and trust among individuals need to be strengthened. Trust and participation links among 113 members in 11 rural development subgroups were examined using quantitative indicators of network macro-level, and the social capital of these subgroups was assessed at different stages before and after project implementation. The results indicate that the level of trust, participation, and social capital was average or weak before project implementation, but increased after the project was carried out. The speed of trust and participation exchange among individuals, as well as unity and cohesion among individuals, increased after the project implementation. In general, based on the obtained results, it can be stated that the social capital within the network of subgroups increased following the implementation of this project, and it can be argued that with the strengthening of social capital, the realization and enhancement of the capacity of rural communities has become possible.

Rural governorates are one of latest local institutions in the rural management system, which were established in recent years in order to organize the obvious gap of rural management. The purpose of this study was to analyze the capabilities of Hamadan's rural governorates for crisis management, which was done by a surveying strategy. The statistical population of this study included rural governors of Hamedan province, which according to the latest statistics were 716 people. A sample of 250 participants were selected via systematic random sampling. The capabilities of rural governors in rural crisis management were identified and then analyzed using Smart PLS software. The results showed that the most important capabilities of rural governors before the crisis were: "educational", "coordination and organizational ", and "health care". The capabilities during the crisis were recognized as "information", "organizing groups" and "security" measures. Finally, the post-crisis capabilities involved "reconstruction", "damage assessment", and "facilities and services". Providing modular training for rural governors, in establishing emergency mass notification and alerting system, and facilitating specific social media applications seem imperative for improving crisis management in rural areas.

One of the effective factors in rural development is the development of tourism; because the development of tourism can play an effective role in improving the economic situation of villages by creating new employment and income opportunities. Tourism, as one of the industries, is one of the sectors with very high economic growth in the world, especially in developing countries. Tourism is one of the special strategies of rural development to bring foreign currency and create jobs and support all-round growth. It is considered as a basic strategy because of the significant effects that tourism activities have on the economy of regions that receive tourists. Especially community-oriented tourism, which is referred to as CBT, this type of tourism is based on a participatory approach, community-oriented tourism facilitates the active participation of the community in tourism planning, increases mutual relations between tourists and the community, and the heritage preserves the cultural and natural environment of the region. Accordingly, the purpose of this research is to analyze the impact of community-oriented tourism in the development of coastal villages in Tangestan city from the perspective of the local community.

The research method of this research is descriptive-analytical and its type is survey. Residents of the coastal villages of Tangestan constitute the statistics of this research. The statistical sample of this research was determined by Cochran's formula to the number of 400 people. The results of the research show that the tourism community plays a role in the economic, social, cultural and environmental development of the coastal villages of Tangestan.

In the direction of sustainable rural development and the enjoyment of a sustainable livelihood for the villagers, it is possible to take advantage of the complementary activities of agriculture in the villages. It provides welfare services and facilities in the context of improving the quality of life and balanced distribution in the village. On the other hand, Iran's villages have natural attractions, potential social, cultural and environmental resources and potentials, it is a commitment in the development of rural tourism. The research method is a survey with the method of analyzing strategic factors in Masuleh, which was carried out in 1401. In the present research, which uses the survey and meta-analysis method, an attempt has been made to explain the position of tourism in the development of ecotourism in Masuleh in the framework of strategic factor analysis (SWOT) in addition to evaluating and revising the approaches of rural tourism development. The findings of the research show that the type of approach in the development process of functional, strategic, structural and strategic rural tourism, along with the commitment to sustainable rural development, can be effective in the planning process of rural tourism. Also, the development of health centers and infrastructures are among the main priorities for the development of ecotourism in Masuleh.

The coastal villages of Bushehr province have a long history due to their suitable geographical location in near the Persian Gulf and in some cases suitable agricultural lands, and therefore have a rich heritage of vernacular architecture. While simple and unpretentious, this architecture contains principles and features including construction methods, climate responsive design, physical features and how to use local resources. This study aims to identify the vernacular architecture in the coastal rural areas of Bushehr province and extract its patterns to develop guidelines for design, through reviewing the characteristics of the rural fabric and vernacular architecture of these areas. To recognize the vernacular architectural patterns in the coastal villages of Bushehr province, vernacular housing in the villages of Shif, Salem-Abad and North Oli was analyzed. The examined factors in rural fabric and buildings were classified into different themes such as density, the orientation of passages, physical architectural features, construction equipment and solutions for providing climatic comfort. Data was collected through the descriptive-analytical method, using various survey methods in the three mentioned villages. Physical-spatial features were analyzed in selected cases and architectural features were compared. The results of this study include the key features of vernacular architecture in these areas that provide design guidance. Considering human proportions in residential areas and entrances, defining intermediate open space between building masses, paying attention to climatic orientation in masses and architectural details, the need to use multiple openings and lightening the structures are the main characteristics of vernacular coastal villages.

Rural settlements as units of cultural, economic, social, ecological contact and exchange are places where civilizations are rooted and then spread throughout the human life sphere. it is also important , due to the role of villages in ensuring sustainable food security and national development of countries, with regard to rural development. Therefore, in recent decades, human development and welfare, improving the quality of life, living condition and solving environmental problems in rural areas has become one of the global concerns and various governments around the world have tried to achieve rural development, to prepare policies and programs in this regard, in accordance with the situation of rural settlements in their country. In fact, in the field of rural development, since the 1970s, due to the inefficiency of classical approaches in the field of development, new approaches to rural development have been proposed as "alternative approaches" that should be new and efficient approaches to development in the policy-making process. Rural, including sustainable development and integrated development, was used to improve the quality of life, increase the self-esteem of the villagers, and the growth and development of rural settlements in various dimensions. In this regard, the evaluation and analysis of Iran's rural development policy and planning system and its comparative analogy with rural development policies of other countries is important. Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of comparative analysis of alternative approaches in the rural development policy system of Iran and the world. The results showed that the use of integrated, comprehensive and sustainable development strategy through the preparation and implementation of appropriate plans at the local level can be an effective measure in the process of rural development in countries. Successful countries in rural development programs such as India and the European Union use specific strategies (sustainable rural development, integrated development) to formulate their development plans and policies, and taking into account the specific budget and responsible organizations to pursue this. Strengthening the major socio-economic infrastructure in rural areas and reducing poverty and deprivation. At the same time, our country lacks a clear strategy for integrated and sustainable rural development.

The importance of the role of rural women in human resources is important, not only in domestic activities, but also in production activities outside the home.  according to women are engaged in activities both at home and abroad, and their share in economic and social activities needs to be determined more accurately and extensively. In this article, Has been used Grounded theory method and Participatory Rural Appraisal, Rapid Rural Assessment, Semi-structured interviews, observation and walking in the field and group discussion techniques, and has used snowball techniques for Selection of statistical samples up to theoretical saturation stage (In the twenty fifth person) in the data, and after analyzing the collected data in the field Through coding (open, axial, and selective), by choosing a central category of "Empowering rural women" a theory has been extracted based on collected data from the field. Then, according to data analysis based on the principles of the dominant theory of theory, the theory of "Empowering rural women as a factor for local development" was obtained from the data. Then a suggestion was made to get out of this situation. This article reviews the factors affecting rural women empowerment in Eshgabad Neyshabur District, specifically the rural handicrafts of these women in relation to local development. The results show that the participation of villagers, especially rural women, in development programs is essential to achieving the goals of comprehensive development. Therefore, it is possible to provide a theory that includes all the elements of a complete research and provide strategic suggestions for "empowering rural women as a factor for local development."  

Research objectives:

Investigating the problems and factors affecting the empowerment of rural women in Ashgabat village of Neishabour city. Investigation of artifacts of rural women's handicrafts in Ashgabat village in connection with local development

Research questions:

What factors affect the empowerment of rural women in Ashgabat village of Neishabour city? How are the products of women's rural handicrafts in Ashgabat rural district related to local development in this region?

The migration of villagers is increasing day by day due to lack of services and access to facilities, increasing unemployment, many problems in providing household expenses and non-mechanization of the village. And past development strategies have not been able to solve problems successfully. This is while there are many tourist attractions in the villages, both natural, historical and cultural and through rural tourism, which is a comprehensive development in economic, leisure, management, social and cultural dimensions that has the least destructive effects on the village, it has tried to reduce the unemployment rate, empower rural households, generate income, reduce migration, and increase access to services and facilities. The aim of this study is to investigate the internal factors of points (strengths and weaknesses) and the external points (opportunities and threats) in Sheikh Shaban village using SWOT technique, Strategies have been proposed by evaluating the internal and external factors of the range by the position assessment matrix and strategic action. Based on the analysis of the analysis conducted in the research, it is shown that in order to emphasize the vulnerability of the studied area, contingency or diversity strategies (ST) should be given priority in the tourism development programs of Sheikh Shaban village.

Many rural development projects and projects are not being evaluated. Therefore, rural developers rarely know their short-term and long-term implications. On the other hand, in order to achieve efficient service and comprehensive coverage of services in all rural areas, emphasis is placed on reaching the hierarchy of rural areas, and to achieve these two objectives, the preparation and implementation of rural villagers' plans and rural development plans in order to distribute optimal services and the creation of an appropriate body for improving the socio-economic development in the village are considered. Given the passing of several decades of implementation of rural guide plans as the most comprehensive organized intervention in the physical environment of villages, the question should be answered as to how far the goals of the rural settlements are to be achieved in the direction of the spatial reconstruction of rural settlements.
The studied villages are located in the political district of Roshtkhar district of Roshtkhar district in Razavi Khorasan province. According to the census of 1395, the rural area has 26 villages inhabited and 4672 households.12 villages were selected as the sample for this research The present research in the field of "methodology" in the framework of "descriptive-analytical" method. The measurement tool in this study was a questionnaire. The statistical population consisted of households in villages of Roshtkhar rural district in Roshtkhar (N = 3192). To analyze the data, an unlimited exploratory co-ranking test (Johansson method) was used to examine the effectiveness of the conducting scheme on each of the variables.
Results & The findings showed that among the research indicators, locals were satisfied with the two indicators of quality of housing and network development. So that in the context of the index of quality of housing, rural households in the field of monitoring of construction, change and improvement of materials used in the construction of housing, households from the table variables and pavement passages, the construction of new passages, pedestrian and road improvement, and the quality of newly constructed roads are satisfactory and the implementation of the guiding plan has the greatest effect. On these two indicators. In addition, the evaluation of the effects of the design in the villages of Roshtkhar district indicates that the implementation of the guiding plan in the villages of Fat-Abad, Sa'adat-Abad, Mahdi Abad, Abbas-Abad and Fardagh, all of which is a type of villages in the plain, compared with other villages.
Evaluation of the project in Roshtkhar villages showed that implementation of the Hadi project was different in the villages of the study area. Local people have little satisfaction from the results of the project conductor. The conductor project in plain villages has been more efficient than other villages. It can be said that the effects of conducting the plan on the physical development of the villages of the region are not the same and conducting the conducting plan In the meantime, it allows for the development and rehabilitation of a systematic physical environment that is targeted at rural households.

Rural housing as the main physical element of space with a multi-functional nature has been constantly evolving influenced by various factors and forces. The most important components that have changed in recent years in the context of housing-related developments are the housing component in the rural areas. The shift from livelihood-based housing to rural housing, which has only a residential function, has a negative impact on the rural economy. In this regard, this study aims to identify the status of housing in rural areas and to answer the following questions: 1. What is the livelihood situation of rural housing in the studied villages?  2. Which economic indicators affect living-based housing in the studied villages?
In the present study, the analysis and ranking of components of Livelihood -based housing in rural areas will be discussed., The nature of the descriptive - analytic and the type of application, data collection method used for the study was “library and field method” (questionnaires and interviews). Data analysis was descriptive (Mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (Binomial test and multivariate regression) and the Vicor model. The questionnaire is composed of closed questions and answers on Likert five scale. The statistical population is 3464 in the Mojezat County. According to Cochran's formula were selected 321 households in 7 rural, as the sample size. Also, Cronbach's alpha was used to measure the reliability of the indices, with the values of 0.939 percent for economic factors and 0.867 percent for the livelihood housing component.
The findings from the research show that the ratio of observation in the productive and logistic components of rural housing in the studied areas is low compared with the test ratio, as well as the ratio of observation in biological, social and cultural components compared with the test ratio, Is located on the upper level. The results also show that there is a direct correlation between the indicators of economic and livelihood of rural houses. At a significant level of 0.05, the variables of financial capital and credits, with the values of 0.467, 0.317, had the highest share in the dependent variable analysis of variance (rural housing function), the variables of income, employment, production method, type of production activity and ability have not been able to have a significant effect on the dependent variable. Finally, the results of the decision-making model of VIKOR for the study of economic indicators show that the villages of Gojeghia and Aghdehatoo villages with 1 and 0.453 have the highest Qi in the first and second rank respectively and the villages of Barotagaji (0.065) and Razbin (0.044) the lowest Qi is ranked sixth and seventh.
In the past, according to the economic status and social classification of villagers, housing was made in different dimensions and sizes; But now, with the collapse of social classifications in the villages and the expansion of village communication with other settlements in the community, each village builds its home, regardless of the economic base, in the village, according to its will And in such a way that the low-income and vulnerable sectors of the rural community have a better and bigger venue than villages and villagers. The development of Livelihood-based housing has left out the monopoly of the economic factor and questioned its unconditional and contingent effect.

The rural guide plan is a plan that influences villages from different aspects of the economic, social, environmental and physical aspects. Since these plans are considered as the most important project involved in rural development planning and have been prepared for different parts of the country, and since its inception, it has been felt for several years to be evaluated. Due to the implementation of the guideline for other rural areas in the country, its strengths and weaknesses should be identified and prevented from revising the weaknesses. Some researchers also believe that the implementation of the project without evaluation and supervision will waste time and money. One of the aspects of evaluating the conducting design is economic evaluation. Therefore, this research by descriptive-analytical method is to examine this issue in four villages selected from Shazand city. The statistical population is 1251
households, of which 212 families were selected using Cochran model. Field data were collected and filled out by questionnaires and interviews from villagers. SPSS software was used to analyze the data. The results of this study include the failure of the conductor's plan in the investment sector in the economic sector, the lack of employment for the residents of the village, low impact on improving the agricultural situation, rising prices for residential land, failure to improve the living conditions of villagers and the total dissatisfaction of the people. The effects of the implementation of the plan in the economic sector and their lack of satisfaction pointed out.

In the recent years, the strategic planning based on sustainability approach at the level of rural settlements has attracted particular attention. Accordingly, considering the disaster-prone characteristic of Iran and on the other hand, the adoption of the relocation policy in many of the rural settlements reconstruction after disasters, attention to the concept of life quality and the economic, social and cultural situation of villagers have been acted a very important role in the upcoming reconstructions planning. The low quality of life in rural areas and as a result, the migration of villagers to major cities, has pursued the numerous problems both in rural areas and in cities. The villagers' dissatisfaction of the life quality in rural settlements has been many social, economic, physical and environmental consequences in these areas. Intervention in rural settlements without identifying and considering components affecting the life quality of villagers caused the loss of the sense of belonging and the historic identity, the tribe dispersion, the destruction of the village physical integrity, and also the social and economic networks detachment, and in some cases desolating the constructed units without inhabitants or migration of villagers to cities and/or the surrounding villages. On the other hand, improving the life quality in villages can provide regional development opportunities. Therefore, attention to the life quality issue in rural development concepts is of great importance. The life quality possess the aspects of different issues together that can be defined in terms of objective and subjective dimensions. The life quality criteria are affected by the existence of unique natural, social, economic, and physical-spatial characteristics in the villages. In this study, based on the conducted investigations, the constructive dimensions of the life quality of villagers are defined as the qualities of education, health, infrastructures, security, residential environment, access to information, social welfare, location, employment and income, and solidarity and Social participation. According to the conceptual framework of studies about the rural’s living quality, it is possible to present a complete picture of the living quality by utilizing its parameters, which consists of the mentioned dimensions; these dimensions were studied in the Darbastaneh and Baba-pashman villages of Lorestan province as the reviewed and studied villages of this study after ten years of their formation. The present study is descriptive, analytical and survey. The statistical population consisted of inhabited households in two villages of Baba-pashman and Darbastaneh which their population respectively were been 500 and 860. Sampling was done according to classification and the number of samples was distributed according to the population's share of each village and their inquiry was selected randomly. According to Morgan table, sample rate for two villages with 95% confidence level respectively was selected 100 and 120, and data were analyzed through SPSS software. After identifying the effective components on improving the living quality of the villagers, the regression equation was defined to assess the living quality. Based on this, the living quality in the Baba-Pashman village were accrued 81% and 64% in the Darbastaneh village. Also the variance analysis indicated the difference between the specified components. Based on Bonferron's test, the differences between the levels of the specified components were determined. The results of this study indicate that both villages have a good quality of life.

The physical development of rural settlements as one of the most important indicators of sustainable rural development, due to the establishment of a suitable environment and considering several indicators, can provide comprehensive development of villages. In Boeing Miandasht as one of the high-potential cities in terms of villages, especially in the southern and northern Karchambu villages, which have focused on physical issues, especially in the field of indigenous architecture, the use of robust materials consistent with local conditions and so far has not been addressed. On this basis, this research is a descriptive-analytical type in terms of its purpose. The statistical population included all the villages of the Karchambu district, and the statistical area of the whole area covers the two districts of southern and northern Karchambu. The statistical population includes 4465 villagers in the census in 2011. The sample size was 354 according to the Cochran formula, and 354 people were distributed among villages in terms of population size. In the inferential part and the analysis of the data using the Topsis inferential statistics method, Geographic Information System (Arc GIS9.3) was used to prepare the maps. The results indicate that according to the analysis of TAPSIS, it was observed that the villages of Beltaq, Hindukush, Takhmaqlu and Karach were ranked first to fourth in the Khalat Poshan village. Also, according to the village classification and development rate in the physical indices of the villages of the Karchambu district of the Boeing Miandasht district, they are classified in three levels of developmed, less developed and very little developed in terms of physical development. As only the three Hindu Kush, Takhmaqlu and Beltaq villages are located in the developed area, the remaining villages are located as follow (8 villages are less developed and 7 villages are very developed).

The physical development of rural settlements as one of the most important indicators of sustainable rural development, due to the establishment of a suitable environment and considering several indicators, can provide comprehensive development of villages. In Boeing Miandasht as one of the high-potential cities in terms of villages, especially in the southern and northern Karchamboui villages, which have focused on physical issues, especially in the field of indigenous architecture, the use of robust materials consistent with local conditions and so far has not been addressed. On this basis, this research is purpose-oriented and is of a descriptive-analytical nature. The statistical population of the study consisted of all the villages in the county of Karchamboui and the statistical area of the whole region comprising the two districts of South and North Karchamboui. The statistical population includes 4465 villagers in the census in 2011. The sample size was 354 according to the Cochran formula, and 354 people were distributed among villages in terms of population size. In the inferential part and the analysis of the data using the Topsis inferential statistics method, Geographic Information System (Arc GIS9.3) was used to prepare the maps. The results indicate that according to the analysis of Tapis, it was observed that the villages of Beltaq, Hindukush, Takmaqlu and Karach were ranked first to fourth and Khalat and Poshan villages were racked last. Also, according to the village classification and development rate in the physical indices of the villages of the Karchamboui district of the Boeing Miandasht district, they are classified in three levels of developed, less developed and very little developed in terms of physical development. As only three Hindu Kush villages are located in the developed villages, the remaining villages are located (8 villages are less developed and 7 villages are very developed).

Villages have a special place in national development programs. Governments always seek to create change through regulating policies in format of development programs with related goals in order to achieve favorable environmental conditions in human settlements. Physical disorders and poor quality conditions of the rural housing are of the major issues in villages. According to the long history of some villages, the rural housing is a combination of old and new texture which are located side by side. Rural to urban migration cannot be controlled basically unless the difference between urban and rural areas as a result of the uneven development between the two places has wiped out. In this regard, in the past two decades, considerable effort has been made in rural development in order to reduce severe inequalities between urban and rural areas in the country. What is called “Hadi” in our country, is a project that along with organizing and modifying existing texture, determines the amount and location of its progress and the use of land for various purposes including residential, industrial, commercial and agricultural and facilities, equipment and general requirements in format of the decisions of plans to organize the rural settlements. The aim of “Hadi” project in the villages of the country is to prepare a program for organizing physical development and regulating all activities that occur in the covered villages. Improving the standard and quality of life of the community and its coordination with the country's economic progress is among the main goals in development. Investment in rural development paves the way to achieve these kinds of goals. For this reason, the exact knowledge of the realities of rural areas and understanding their needs in order to design an appropriate model and providing practical recommendations are the axes of the rural development. This importance and also difficult task is possible if effective factors be identified and used in rural development model and construction programs to prepare an appropriate model with existing features for rural areas. Thus, rural projects at first were conducted as a pilot plan in 1983, titled as "Rural Rehabilitation" in one of the rural areas. In the following years, especially in 1987, this plan was followed by the Islamic revolution housing foundation in order to revitalize and redirect villages in many dimensions like physical, economic, social and cultural. In many cases, this plan satisfied or dissatisfied people and in some other cases it was a threat for the fabric rural texture. Now, nearly after three decades of the implementation of this plan, it is necessary to identify the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats related to this plan, and then develop proper strategies for a better management of this plan. In this regard the main purpose of this study was strategic analysis of executive management in rural Hadi plan in Divandarreh city by implementing SWOT And QSPM methods.
In this regard, this research used the SWOT matrix in order to identify strengths, Weaknesses, opportunities and threats. Executive Management in Rural Hadi Plan City Divandarreh to achieve the objectives of Hadi in rural areas and management strategies had been developed and proposed. The population of this study consisted of experts in housing, consultants involved in the project villages Dairy Hadi and the Hadi pattern was run for a total of 66 people who were all members in the study.
Based on research result on the strengths and weaknesses of research projects in rural areas were, respectively, "Physical context of rural development" and " Long Duration of Implementation" and also the Hadi principal of the opportunities and threats in rural areas are, respectively " Rising land prices" and " Lack of public participation in the project ". After determining appropriate strategies using a matrix management (QSPM) attractiveness of each of the strategies had been identified. In this context, the results showed that the most important strategy was "Coordination models proposed by Housing Foundation, a local architecture, climate zone, as well as the needs of the rural space" and "Supply and public support of the project and the timely payment of the costs of destruction". In addition, the results showed the strategy for managing the implementation of competitive strategy conductor in rural areas