social justice

Social justice and urban environmental quality are important concepts that affect people's well-being and nature preservation. Environmental injustice occurs when a group of people, especially marginalized and vulnerable groups, are more exposed to environmental risks and hazards than others, such as pollution, climate change, and natural disasters. In addition to affecting their health, livelihood, and quality of life, this is, according to an interpretation by Solomonian and Ragiro, a product of flawed systems and processes that cause social injustice, such as exploitation, oppression, and elite dominance, in a vicious circle. It affects the environment, biodiversity, and ecosystem services (Solomonian and Ruggiero, 2021).

Meta-analysis is a method that is used to study various methods and achievements of previous research focused on a specific topic to achieve a summary of theoretical perspectives and study dimensions and possible gaps in that field. The meta-analysis method can lead the researcher to an evaluative framework for use in the field of study and provide the necessary background for expanding concepts and theories or completing previous methods and discovering research interests (Higgins & Green, 2011). In this method, first, a sufficient statistical population of valid previous research is searched and collected by a precise and repeatable algorithm, and then the separate and combined content analysis is performed using appropriate analytical tools (Borenstein et al, 2020; Ioannidis, 2017). In this research, the same method has been used using CMA 3.7 software and the version equipped with Python scripts. In this regard, the keywords of social justice and quality of the urban environment were searched separately in the title section of the Science Direct database between 1990 and 2023, and the result was 4955 and 5000 scientific and research articles, respectively. Then, the combined keyword "social justice and quality of urban environment" was searched in the mentioned period in the Elsevier/Science Direct scientific database as a title, which after review and refinement, The primary statistical and analytical data of 58 fully related articles that dealt with both topics were selected.

Several key challenges obstruct research on the relationship between social justice and urban environmental quality. Firstly, the complexity and uncertainty of environmental problems and solutions pose a challenge. Environmental issues and social justice are often viewed concerning multiple intertwined factors and actors, including trade-offs and conflicts between different goals and interests, complicating the definition, measurement, and comprehensive and coherent addressing of problems and solutions. Secondly, there is a lack of participation and comprehensive representation of affected communities and stakeholders. Research often relies on dominant epistemologies and methodologies, potentially excluding or marginalizing the voices and perspectives of those most affected by environmental problems and solutions, leading to potentially biased or incomplete knowledge and results. Thirdly, the persistence of structural racism and colonialism exacerbates the distribution of benefits and environmental pressures. The literature has grappled with the challenge of transforming historical and institutional factors that have created and perpetuated environmental and social inequalities among different groups and regions of the world. These factors often operate on multiple levels and dimensions and are embedded in the values and narratives of the dominant culture, making analytical studies difficult and costly. Lastly, the dominance of economic growth and consumerism as the main drivers of environmental destruction and social injustice presents a challenge. The literature has grappled with the challenge of conflicting paradigms and choosing alternative paths, resulting in the examination of the concept of social justice without relying on the logic and mechanisms of economic growth and consumerism. This perspective may necessitate fundamental changes in production and consumption patterns, as well as the distribution and allocation of resources and responsibilities between nations and generations. However, the existence of a robust and specific theoretical framework is a prerequisite.

An urban environment, a man-made setting, comprises basic physical and social aspects where individuals live, work, interact, and avail services such as parks, green spaces, urban transportation, amenities, and cultural events. A fair urban environment, therefore, offers opportunities and equitable access to all residents, irrespective of income, gender, ethnicity, age, or physical ability. This concept and approach are crucial as they promote social justice and human rights by ensuring everyone can enjoy a decent quality of life and participate in the city's civic and cultural life. They bolster economic development and innovation by attracting and fostering a diverse and inclusive workforce, drawing talents and investment, and enhancing productivity and competitiveness. They heighten public environmental awareness, leading to a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions, improvement in air quality, preservation of natural resources and biological species, adaptation to climate changes, and provision of environmental flexibility. They advocate public health by providing opportunities for physical activity, recreation, and social interaction, thereby improving public health and well-being. They offer a realistic approach, moving away from idealism, which is necessary in the current idealized world for the present and future of cities and their residents. The research findings reveal several critical points for researchers and decision-makers in the field of a fair urban environment. Firstly, the category of a fair urban environment cannot be considered separately from the theoretical and practical issues of social justice, as these two concepts mutually influence each other. Secondly, a fair urban environment requires an interdisciplinary and collaborative approach that utilizes the knowledge and experience of local and affected communities and listens to their voices. Thirdly, a fair urban environment necessitates a change in the systems and structures formed based on the values of exploitation, commodification, and domination, which produce ecological and social crises. Fourthly, a fair urban environment presents an opportunity to effect positive changes at the local and global levels, leading to the improvement of human well-being and nature protection. Despite the strengths and applications of this research, it has limitations. Among other things, due to the focus on the meta-analysis method, only written and existing sources have been used. Also, to validate the findings, a case study and adaptation of the findings based on the local context are needed, which expands the research topic. Further research using various methods and different case studies in this field can offer comprehensive solutions to realize a fair urban environment.

Cities are always dynamic and changing over time; following the strengthening of cities, sociocultural issues such as development, vitality, social justice, etc., have been raised in cities. Therefore, the aim of this research is to analyze the main components of sociocultural approaches to urban development in Isfahan city. This study is developmental-applicative in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of nature. Data were collected from documentary-library and field methods (questionnaire). The studied communities were trustees and experts, and the sample size of experts and trustees was determined and completed using the snowball method of 50 and 62 questionnaires. Data were analyzed using EXCELE, GIS software and SWARA, BWM, ANP, and Scalogram techniques. The results show that in the Swara technique, environmental protection with 0.1798, sense of belonging to the city with 0.1831, organizing leisure time with 0.1826, insurance and recreation with 0.1829, locating emergency relief centers with 0.1824, and organizing people communication with officials with 0.1828 have gained the most weight among other indicators. Also, the social dimension with a weight of 0.4000 is ranked first according to the results of the BWM technique. According to the results of the ANP technique, regions 15, 14, 13, 11, 7, 2, and 9 are less developed than other regions. Based on the results of the scalogram technique, the areas of Isfahan are categorized into five levels, from very rich to very deprived. Regions 7, 14, 15, 2, 9, and 11 have also been placed at the deprived to very deprived level. Therefore, it showed the necessity of the managers and officials of urban planning and development to prioritize areas 7, 14, 13, 15, 2, 9, and 11.

Bioethics serves as a fundamental pillar in establishing a moral society and fostering a genuine sense of justice. Addressing social and ethical challenges is a priority for global institutions, including the United Nations, which highlights bioethics as a means to uphold human dignity and equality. A critical aspect of bioethics is its relationship with justice, particularly social justice, which involves the equitable distribution of societal benefits among its members. Bioethical principles must therefore encompass multiple ethical standards such as equality, necessity, capability, effort, and social needs. This study aims to assess the influence of social justice on bioethics and evaluate its realization across the urban areas of Ardabil.
Theoretical Framework Potter posits that humanity faces a moral and ethical crisis, impacting not only socio-economic development but also the ethical integrity of society. Bioethics, in this context, serves as a corrective measure to realign individuals with moral principles. Rentorf and Kemp argue that justice should be the ultimate goal of bioethics and biological rights. Social justice, when framed through the principles of fairness, equality, necessity, and economic individualism, significantly strengthens bioethics by promoting respect, non-exploitation, benevolence, and fairness. John Rawls' theory of social justice is foundational to this study, emphasizing two key principles: the principle of freedom and the principle of difference. The latter suggests that social and economic disparities should be structured to ensure equitable opportunities for all. In essence, "fair equality of opportunity" dictates that every individual should have the same chances of success, regardless of their socio-economic status.

This study adopts an applied research approach with a descriptive-analytical method to explore the impact of social justice on bioethics in Ardabil. The degree of social justice realization was measured through four key variables:Fairness (cooperation, benevolence, sympathy, compassion) Equality (equal opportunities, freedom, elimination of discrimination, unity, respect for laws) Necessity (security, participation, health and hygiene, education, equal share) Economic individualism (domestic goods, economic freedom, private property, personal interests, competition) Each variable was assessed using five indicators, resulting in a total of 20 items. A structured questionnaire consisting of 40 research questions, rated on a Likert scale (1=very little to 5=very much), was distributed to a statistically representative sample of 383 individuals drawn from Ardabil's population of 529,374, using the Cochran formula. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS and Excel, and GIS mapping was employed to rank the urban areas based on their realization of social justice indicators.

Factor analysis revealed that the fairness variable had the highest realization level (16.95), indicating that cooperation, benevolence, sympathy, and compassion were the most influential aspects of bioethics among Ardabil’s citizens. The equality variable ranked second (15.27), reflecting significant social justice elements such as equal opportunities, freedom, elimination of discrimination, and respect for laws. The necessity variable (13.82) took the third place, emphasizing the importance of security, participation, education, health, and equitable distribution of resources. The economic individualism variable ranked lowest (13.73), suggesting that aspects such as private property, economic freedom, and competition had the least impact on bioethical considerations. Using the WASPAS model, the urban areas were ranked as follows based on the realization of social justice indicators:Region 1 - Qi 0.5393 (slightly above average)
Region 2 - Qi 0.4258 (42.58% realization of social justice in bioethics)
Region 5 - Qi 0.4099
Region 3 - Qi 0.3978
Region 4 - Qi 0.3803 (lowest realization of social justice in bioethics)

This study underscores the importance of integrating social justice principles into urban planning policies to enhance bioethics among citizens. Addressing social challenges through bioethics must be rooted in justice, ensuring that both individual and collective needs are met through equitable policies and practices. The findings highlight the necessity for targeted interventions to promote fairness, equality, and social well-being across different urban areas.

The Islamic city is one that embodies the principles and values of Islam, providing the conditions necessary for realizing an Islamic lifestyle. This embodiment manifests in various forms across different regions and climates. In this context, the fundamental Islamic principle that should be realized in the social life of Muslims and within the urban environment is the principle of justice. The primary aim of this research is to develop a scientific theory based on Islamic sources regarding social and spatial justice as one of the pillars of the Islamic city or the ideal city in Islam. This is approached through the production of indigenous and Islamic knowledge in urban management and planning, utilizing grounded theory methodology. Ultimately, this research seeks to contribute, however modestly, to the theoretical foundations of the Islamic-Iranian city, guiding the pursuit of an Islamic-Iranian model of progress. The findings of this research reveal significant foundations that provide a precise definition of social and spatial justice, elaborating on the dimensions of this concept—including principles, criteria, and consequences—within a conceptual model. This model offers a comprehensive explanation of the current state of injustice and the process of achieving social and spatial justice in society. For instance, based on the results of this research, the definition of social and spatial justice is the “entitlement” of citizens regarding the distribution of services and resources, achieved by “placing everything in its rightful position” based on principles of “equality,” “public benefit,” and “equal access” to “public rights,” while recognizing “inequality” in “acquired rights” in human settlements. Based on this definition and the reviewed sources, the principles of social and spatial justice include:Public benefit in public affairs, Equality in public law, Equal access to public services, Inequality in individual-social acquired rights. The criteria for social and spatial justice are: Membership, Need, Performance, Value of action, Time and place requirements.

One of the geographical spaces that has long been a reflection of the ideology of the ruling systems, and one of the most important intellectual, philosophical, artistic, industrial and productive achievements of human civilizations and societies is the phenomenon of the city, which is both relatively durable and the manifestation of beliefs and values. It is the culture of the society and it affects the human behavior and at the same time it expresses the identity of the society in the eyes of the world and history. The city should create a decent environment for humans. It should also respond to the characteristics of the land, nature, history and the moods of its people and have a suitable answer for the instructions and rules of life. At the same time, it is affected by people's beliefs and opinions. There is a special relationship between Islam and urban life, and the promotion of Islam has been manifested by the development and promotion of urban life. The justice-oriented city and society is one of the issues raised in the field of Islamic thought and thought and one of the distinctive features of the Islamic utopia. In today's world, economic and social inequalities can be seen as a pervasive and expanding phenomenon. Considering the negative effects of unfair and unequal distribution of facilities and services in the formation of ecological, economic, social, physical and cultural injustices, paying attention to the basic principles of Islamic justice in each of the above indicators and components can lay the foundation for the development of Provide balanced and fair and equal distribution of facilities and services in all regions. In this regard, one of the most important issues that Islam relies on is the issue of protecting people's rights and property and generally implementing social justice. Investigating social justice from the perspective of the Islamic city in three economic, social and physical dimensions is the aim of the present study, and in this regard, one hundred and sixteen traditional neighborhoods of Tabriz city have been selected as case samples. The present research is a quantitative research. The research data is secondary and primary and was extracted from the shape file of Tabriz city master plan 2016 and Tabriz population statistical block 2016. The library method was used to collect the information of the present study. Shannon's entropy model was used to weight them, TOPSIS model was used to rank localities, and Moran's index was used to check whether or not there were clusters in the availability of localities at the level of regions. The results show that in terms of the realization of social justice among the neighborhoods of Tabriz city, ostandari alley, valiasr, Golshahr neighborhoods got the first ranks and Ghorbani, Sorkhab and Mofeteh neighborhoods got the last ranks and generally the neighborhoods in the east side have a better situation. Spatial autocorrelation of the level of localities at the level of regions indicates that there is no significant clustering at the level of Tabriz metropolis

The TV series 'Squid Game' takes an east to west perspective in an effort to clarify certain concepts that lawyers encounter, particularly criticism of the capitalist system. This type of criticism is not a new phenomenon, as many critical written works and plays have emerged in response to the global establishment of this system. However, two specific aspects within the realm of public law make this subject more intriguing. Firstly, fundamental criticism has emerged within the framework of the same capitalist system and is being presented on a global scale. This practice is uncommon among the ideologies of the 21st century, highlighting the importance of tolerance and engagement with critics and opponents. Secondly, the social contract, considered a sacred concept that forms the foundation of the modern political and legal system, has been challenged. Specifically, within the various stages of the 'Squid Game', it becomes clear that a social contract, even when formally agreed upon with consent and free will, does not necessarily guarantee any ethical or socially just content. Citizens must consciously consider the conceptual choices that encompass human rights and public liberties when accepting the social contract. It is evident that this approach will face existential and practical challenges in the future. However, the significance of defining the content to advance social justice by citizens during the acceptance of the social contract remains undiminished.

Social justice has always been one of the most critical citizenship rights. Although spatial justice offered new interpretations in urban planning, it has not been comprehensively defined in housing architecture. The purpose of this study is to obtain indigenous definitions and explain the indicators of measuring social justice in Iranian housing architecture. This research has been done to combine qualitative and quantitative methods with the Weighting model of variables with the help of SPSS software and hierarchical analysis. The theoretical approach was based on the indexing method. First, the library-documentary studies, by reviewing the texts and library documents, the different definitions of Eastern and Western philosophers from the concept of social justice have been studied, and related materials have been extracted from reliable sources. In the other part, the views of contemporary Iranian architects regarding the indigenous pattern of Iranian settlement were examined. Then, by a comparative study of spatial justice indicators and critical factors of housing patterns in Iran, the most important factors affecting the measurement of spatial justice in Iranian housing were obtained. Indicators of social justice in Iranian housing were classified into five categories: conceptual, physical, climatic, social-cultural and, visual aesthetics. Physical categories such as symmetry in the plan, geometric form of blocks, variability in the unit area and, the type of proximity of residential blocks have been studied. Conceptual categories were assessed with questions about spatial hierarchy, flexibility within residential units, resident participation, and space security. Environmental and climatic variables were assessed with questions related to light, ventilation and landscape, balcony, area and, variety of common spaces. Social and cultural indicators were assessed by factors such as the existence of shared service spaces, the social interactions in the open spaces of the complexes, privacy, prediction of units and spaces for the disabled, and for the visual factor items such as the variety of block form, use of decorations, Facade and, the effect of building height, uniformity and uniformity of blocks were evaluated. Finally, the criteria were validated through a questionnaire between professors and experts. The results showed: Units' access to sunlight, proper ventilation, and landscape, provision of spaces for the disabled, attention to spatial hierarchy, flexibility and participation of residents in the development of the residential complex and diversity of common spaces, space security, and diverse area are the most important factors in promoting spatial justice in residential architecture and the use of decorations on the facade in social housing received the lowest score. To conclude, while there are several expressions about social justice, we tried to put spatial justice on a scale, which is the scope of architects, with the help of criteria. These indicators can be effective in creating a conceptual model for creating future spaces. This is done to improve the quality of urban life of vulnerable citizens in social housing. In the hope that in addition to creating physical spaces as a shelter, we can further consider social justice, which has a direct impact on increasing citizens' satisfaction.

During different ages, art has always been a part of the human evolution and enhanced the social awareness over or in line with social changes. Emerged from modernism and in reaction to modernity in equality and differences at all sections, postmodernism provided a social basis for critical positions growth against the social domination, power manifestation in culture and modern life experience. One of the most contemporary forms of the art in postmodern societies is an approach with sociopolitical interventions. If the postmodern era was considered a historical-sociological concept in the historical age after modernism, the sociopolitical struggle practice is one of its main features. This form of art is pre-collective form and is of self-representing aspect like social manifests as main players of the social projects. On the one hand, cultural studies resulted from achievements of Frankfort School critical theory in postmodernity plays an important role in revising the political, cultural, social, scientific and art changes in contemporary world which read the upstream and downstream aspects with dialectic relations. Cultural studies focused on power structures and cultural texts such as meaningful culture artifacts using a concentrating method in line with postmodern populism and tendency toward the Frankfort school critical theory. Hence, postmodern art as a riot against modern art rules became the cultural text by change of position, subjectivity, how the work is implemented and change of audience place from passive to active one. Selecting social and political subjects, this art was interested in by cultural studies; in fact, methodological reading of cultural studies took into consideration the sociological aspects of the contemporary art which has been in deep link with cultural politics elements since 1990. Judgment on these aspects needs a model to determine their manifestations. Hence, justice theory formation by John Rawls focuses on freedom and social equality principles and addressing the justice theory at this age means a framework for explaining the cultural studies following which it is helpful in reading the social art works contents of this age. Accordingly, by library information collecting and selecting the images from internet and using descriptive-analytic methodology, aims to recognize the plurality idea in conceptualization of social justices based on art trends (not absolutely) in Shibboleth and domestic tension in postmodern era which is formed as a social action and changes the place of visitor to and experiences audience who receives the artwork in discriminatory place. The result implied that a spectrum of strategic interventions is proposed in postmodern art criticism and revision discourse. Collective aspiration seeks freedom and justice which in fact are revision of social paradoxes in modernity and mostly refer to the rejection of identities like ethnical minorities.Art subject is also a practical entity built in interaction with sociopolitical factors and conditions insisting on contemporary human's responsibility and subjectivity in social form. Therefore, defining the postmodern and justices in this age, cultural studies and postmodern art, this study explains the sociopolitical art sample in contemporary Shibboleth and domestic tension in discrimination related to the art activism.

Acquisition of urban lands with a social justice approach is one of the issues that has been neglected in many urban development projects. In this study, after examining land ownership rights, some important rules related to land ownership in different Western and Islamic perspectives are presented and suggestions are made to increase social justice in the realization of urban property rights. In the present study, due to the nature of the subject, the secondary analysis method and content analysis technique have been used. The findings of the study suggest that in the Western view, liberalism imposes restrictions on the government’s power to expropriate individuals, and argues that expropriation laws are only permissible if they serve the public interest. Results of the analysis of private property laws based on the indicators of justice and property rights in Iran by examining property laws in the relevant documents, in the form of 9 principles, including the participation of stakeholders in the implementation of urban projects in financing public spending, transfer of rights Development to the people, the legality of private expropriation if the public interest takes precedence over private-individual interests, and so on. Among the problems of land expropriation in urban development projects are the weakness of laws in proving the loss of existing owners or comparing the loss of owner and citizens and lack of explanation of the rights of the owner of each plot of land in relation to rules and regulations on how to use and use that property.

User planning of urban land, has been trying to find some methods for better distribution of urban service in its whole lifetime. nowadays more important issues _such as justice which tries to assimilate residents_ has been entered into this science and space justice becomes the foremost subject. The current procedure in urban service distribution, regarding given and specified standards, has used need recognition method and it has been totally need-based and without considering residents’ demands and people’s participation or the same demand-based procedure. Whereas some susceptible urban areas like non-efficient urban context, has sustained more damage and this has led to citizens’ dissatisfaction. This study aims to compare and analyze two kinds of need-based planning considering standards and demand-based planning considering real needs and opinions of residents, and in this way it improves citizens and people’s participation during planning procedure and it tries to elevate social justice and keep residents in their place of living specially in non-efficient urban context. This study is practical and uses descriptive-analytical method to compare the principle of standard-based and the principle of demand-based. Two criteria of urban per capita and standard of access points for the principle of standard-based and residents’ poll for the principle of demand-based have been chosen by questionnaire and analysis in SPSS, and the results have been visualized in GIS by IDW method. The outcomes of this compare, show a significant difference in the view and the results of planning based on urban standards and planning based on people’s opinions.

The spatial distribution of the facilities and services of a country based on the indicators of social justice is closely linked to sustainable development, Because the fair distribution of services and facilities can lead to the balanced development of a country's regions and, conversely, its lack of fair distribution, will create social crises and complex spatial problems. Therefore, the planning process of the country should pay close attention to the spatial and equitable distribution of facilities and services. In this research, in order to measure the level of justice in the spatial distribution of services and facilities, between provinces of the country, each province has been investigated according to population and per capita. The research method is descriptive-analytical and for spatial analysis of applications, GIS software and Expert Choice software and the combination of AHP and TOPSIS have been used. The results of this study show that besides the severe spatial imbalance in the distribution of facilities and services between the provinces which indicates the unfair distribution of development indicators, in most facilities and services, central provinces of the country include the provinces of Tehran, Isfahan, Semnan, Yazd and Alborz are the most enjoyable provinces in the country. In contrast to the provinces of the country, including the provinces of Sistan and Baluchestan, South Khorasan, Ilam, Kouhkiluyeh and Boyer Ahmad and Kurdistan are the most deprived provinces of the country, respectively.

Providing social justice in cities is one of the important demands of citizens. The research was descriptive-analytic. For this purpose, exploratory studies were carried out in the form of a library and preliminary visit, and field study was carried out using research tools. In this article, first, the purpose of explaining the distribution of per capita use from the perspective of social justice in the worn-out cornness of Kermanshah city was using the Tapsis method and according to the per capita usage in neighborhoods, the score of each neighborhood was obtained. After this stage, considering that the main objective of the paper was to measure citizen's satisfaction with the facilities in the study area, based on the results of the satisfaction questionnaire, the urban management performance was measured and then, using spatial statistics methods such as geographical weight regression, the spatial correlation between The results of spatial development and quality of life were determined by the mental approach. The results of geographical weight regression showed that in the districts of Gomrok, Faizabad, Seyyed Jamal Shomali, Haj Mohammad Taghi and Sarcheshme, there is positive spatial relationship. This means that the spatial development of these areas has a positive effect on improving the quality of life and satisfaction, and increasing the level of justice in these areas will increase the level of satisfaction

It seems at the moment to achieve the modern definition of the concept of civil justice and citizenship; women need new approaches to have some legal conceptions of justice. On the issue of civil justice and citizenship is very important due to several factors: characteristics of rights, non-discrimination, balance, moderation, respect for competencies and entitlements. In addition to these measures focus on education as a means to empower civil justice is very important human development on a massive scale. This means that the quality of education and the distribution of and access to free education in the country is planned and implemented. And yet awareness is also high. Therefore, this article discusses the rule of law, justice and social justice criteria, application and its role in civil justice are women. Has a clearer sense of justice for women to obtain citizenship; and the necessary solutions to achieve this kind of justice to be considered.

Utopia, a place that ensures prosperity and happiness of the person's life. It is always stamped in the humanideals. The desire to create an ideal society in the integration of spiritual and material concepts, has taken variousexpressive statements in the form of thought and civilizations to arise from the text. Utilization of resources andreferences to Islamic principles and values and especially the Holy Quran and tradition of the Prophet and Ali (AS)and infallible narrations can lead us to unique traits and characteristics of Islamic utopia. The Islamic utopia meansthe proper place in life that is recreating acts of God; follow the word of God, shall act establishing objective justiceand appropriate for putting everything in place and creating their own space with appropriate size.The methodology of this paper is based on the documents in the field of social justice and its instances have beendone in architectural and urban issues (city and neighborhood). The structure of research is first on the cognitionof the concept of equity, social justice and the importance of equity in Islamic texts from the viewpoints of utopiathinkers and in the present study, the injustices of the existing cases in elements and contemporary urban spacesand then the realization of social justice in connection with the city and its constituent elements is provided withaspects of the neighborhood and its components.Islam in the realization of social justice goes with the two major principles: Comprehensive unity, proportion,balance and public task between people and communities. To achieve the development of social justice in thecommunity, urban managers need to bind the rights of citizens and balance in the sphere of their lives. The studyof Islamic teachings is provided to identify and develop criteria for community activities, including architecture andurban planning. The most important and most obvious concepts of manifestation of justice in the urban architecturalspaces can be a balance, coordination, size range that is essential their observance not only in the body and urbanspaces, but also keeping all the different aspects of citizens, urban planners and managers are essential. Brieflook at the samples in the works of contemporary urban spaces and neighborhoods indicated a lack of attention tojustice and its instances. Thus the neighborhood as a main member constituting the city can pave the realizationof social justice in their neighborhood by observing the personal and social justice among the inhabitants of theneighborhood and the manifestation of true justice (balance and Coordination) in the neighborhood, spaces andemphasis on the legal rights of individuals and public facilities in urban neighborhoods and local services by localmanagement system. According to this study, this balance in the neighborhoods can be expressed from variousaspects such as special privacy and social privacy, requisite substance and meaning, power of flexibility, selfbalancingin communication within the neighborhood and distribution of neighborhood usages, balance in socialand cultural issues of a specific neighborhood, visual and special balance.... Keywords: Social Justice, Islamic City, Neighborhood, Balance and Coordination

One of the most striking and most important of these virtues and values “social justice” is, if social justice is like the water of life that flows in society, developing talents and bring freshness and vitality of the community. In the field of social justice and individual human is twofold social aspect of it is more important, because human societies will not be consummated unless social justice projects implemented in the community. Methods This cross-sectional study that the tool library studies and research method used. In this paper, the status of justice in the formation of Islamic cities and urban neighborhoods in the city and a few hints about upgrading the Islamic concept of justice is emphasized. The criteria and factors referred to is the manifestation of social justice in urban neighborhoods.

At the present time the main cause of the crisis of human societies rooted in social inequality and lack of justice. What is certain is that people inherently seek to meet their needs is the driving force behind evolution. It is clear that the human is in the pursuit of perfection that social life is causing this evolution.
One effects of possible social life is conflict of interest and abuse the rights of others with profit motivate. This is where the order of nature and wisdom the need for justice for the survival and prosperity of human society becomes necessary. In this regard, social justice can be considered in the design and implementation of the legal system, so that everyone has the right to its intellectual and against the rights, performs duties or responsibilities or accept consequences violation of them. Today it would requires intelligent management of cities based on informed participation of citizens. In this regard, this study intends to use the library studies as a way to collect information and descriptive - analytical research methodology as well as using the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) model to analyze the data for investigating principles and comparing criteria of supportive and cooperative theories as the most important theory of urban planning based on citizen-centric, and compare them with articulated criteria for social justice in order to determine the implementation of each of the theories. The results indicate that, on the one hand, supportive theory principles and standards in line with the standards of social justice compared with cooperative theory is low but on the other hand, level of cooperative criteria implementation in the field of achieving social justice compared with supportive theory is high.

Today urban green space are important elements in the body of the city that with population growth and urban development has invaded other users Amol city although there are many potential environm ental but urban green space per capita is very low in this city. The city is affected by factors such as population growth resulting from the migration of villagers to city, that faced with an imbalance bet ween the number and per capita parks. For this purpose and the physical organization of the city based on social justice, efficiency and environmental quality, was selected the location of parks in this city as the subject of research. First was assessed location of existing city parks. For this purpose In addition study quantitative and qualitative indicators assessment of urban users, was acting to assessment by field of study. Field study using question was perform. For determinig sample amount of study Cochran technique was use and finally analysis of compiled statistics was done by spss software. The other purpose of this study is to location approp riate parks in the city.For this purpose with selecting effective indi cators in location city parks, Was Weighting with use of model AHP And then Was combined the Weight in dicators in GIS environment. Results showed that the distribution pattern of urban green space the Amol city in the current situation is not the appropriate pattern and access time to parks than the standard rate is more.

No doubt، the performance of any plan and design for some of citizens is good and for other citizens who have less social and economic power is bad. From this viewpoint، urban development plans and designs are one of key tools for reduce economic-social discrimination and inequity in distribution of public resources in cities. This important، first was considered by Henri Lefebvre، Manuel Castells and David Harvey and John Rawls in 60th and 70th centuries. Spatial justice Concept is a debatable and variable concept. The issues of spatial justice have proliferated during the past two decades. Researchers of spatial justice dimensions have spanned the social sciences، and their definitions and ambitions have varied، as do the indicators with which they tried to measure the postulated goal. For some، spatial justice is just equal access for the basic public facilities، measured in distance، such as accessibility to school، health facilities or culture events. For others، spatial equity is more ambitious and would include a choice of jobs and a choice of accessible educational institutions. Also، it would include a choice of cultural events، not just a local or regional amateur theatre، for different target groups and different age groups. Liberal thinkers in the definition of justice rather are focusing individual liberty and Eligibility (the difference between individuals)، and Socialism Thinkers on need and equity in the distribution and production. In Islam school، justice is defined based on the right. The justice in Islam، with clear rules and mechanisms، right Deliver to its original owners، and preserve from human dignity (understanding of right-oriented from justice). Spatial justice concept in city has moved from social aspect to distributive justice and finally to spatial concept. Justice-oriented city helps to normative dimension of urban planning. However، the demand for distributive justice is necessary، but it is not sufficient alone. The Because of distributive justice neglect from structural injustice that root in power relationship in society. This theme and viewpoint from spatial justice suggests good city pattern، a city that it not only has distributive equally in resource but it supports from the development of human capabilities for all. Therefore، it is necessary to define a framework for just city. According to the dominant comprehensive-rational paradigm، urban planning in Iran has become in to a tool for domination of the powerful landlords to the city. Urban planners in spite of having of good intentions and the ideal have been taken in position of city enemies and People also turned into illegality anti. In general we can say that urban planning thought in Iran has taken slave of capitalism system and has retreated to functionalism and personal interests. Despite of urban planning retreat، we want to return to a city from normative viewpoint and move to the city-based justice. Thus، explaining a conceptual framework from spatial justice and its application can abundant help to urban planning in Iran. In this way، help to take the Islam teachingscan be very useful. For achieving to this framework، we require to determine the criteria of spatial justice. The criteria of spatial justice are different and those depend on time، place، and political and social condition of society. However، accepting criteria of spatial justice in this study that those were extracted with the logical analysis method and based on Islam academy tenets are: (1) liberty: The active participation of citizensin decision-making، decision-making in urban planning، and also having right of citizens in everyday activities in city، (2) needing: Distribution of city resources and services tailored to the needs of the urban neighborhoods and areas، and any deviation from this distribution is supported by the deprived people of this deviation، (3) the difference: The defending differences in society، (4) eligibility: The criteria referees in the social theme to individuals ability and the geographical environment theme to and the references and potentials of environmental، social، economic and cultural-، (5) public benefit: The criteria focuses on individuals access to services based on their participation level and The main purpose of this criteria is to allow freedom of expression to group differences in cities- and (6) equality of opportunity: the providing equal opportunities for all people in access to city resources and utilities. These criteria show that justice-oriented urban planning refer to issues such as the equitable distribution of services، the right to the city، analysis of power relations، participatory and collaborative planning and so on. Thefindings of the research show that justice-oriented urban planning away from slogan state، it needs to attend to difference in society، to strong noise of low class of society in power relationships، to attend toparticipatory planning and citizens rights. In according to said literature on above، the present research proposals for explaining the concept of spatial justice in Iran urban planning are: expressly authors state that the present proposals in this research aren’t complete. It is hoped that with efforts of urban thinkers and experts، these proposals are completed. It is Necessary to achieve justice in the city، we away from the urban policies of authoritarian and single lecture and we approach to collaborative politics in urban planning. Whereas، dominant paradigm of Urban Planning in Iran is comprehensive- rational planning paradigm، it can’t gain to spatial justice in cities. Therefore، we need to achieve spatial equity and justice in our cities to change our urban planning paradigm from comprehensive rational to justice-oriented urban Planning. Also it is necessary that we attend to values such as right and justice which are not merely given from up to citizens. Those (at least in structural state) aren’t giving، but those are getting. Urban planning theories in Iran neglect from the spatial and social structures in cities and those more focus to the planning process. This approach has been led to urban planning theories in Iran casual. Thus، attention to the urban planning content is important in justice oriented city planning.