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Mothers play an essential role in maintaining the psycho-social balance of the family, mothers with children with gender dysphoria are more exposed to mental stress. The present study was conducted with the aim of comparing the effectiveness of "Resilience Training" and "Positive Psychology Training" on psychological well-being and interpersonal forgiveness of mothers with children gender dysphoria

The current research was semi-experimental with a pre-test, post-test design with a control group and a 2-month follow-up. The statistical population consisted of 63 people, including all mothers with children gender dysphoria through membership in the official groups of people with gender dysphoria and with a definite diagnosis through the diagnostic interview of a clinical psychologist in Isfahan city in 1401. Sampling was done using the convenience method based on the entry criteria and 45 mothers were selected and randomly and by lottery were divided into 3 groups (2 intervention groups and 1 control group) and each group was replaced by 15 people. Data were collected with demographic questionnaire, "Short Form -Ryff Psychological Well-Being Scale" and "Interpersonal Forgiveness Scale". The validity of the instruments has not been measured and the reliability has been measured by internal consistency method by calculating Cronbach's alpha coefficient. "Resilience Training" and "Positive Psychology Training" were implemented during 9 sessions of 95 minutes each, and the control group received the training after completing the task. The data was analyzed in SPSS. 26.

The methods of intervention and control in the variables of child's age, mother's age, mother's education and mother's occupation did not have significant differences with each other (P< 0.05). In addition, “Resilience Training" and "Positive Psychology Training" were effective in promoting psychological well-being and interpersonal forgiveness (P<0.01). The comparison of the groups showed that the above 2 trainings have no significant difference in terms of effectiveness on psychological well-being and interpersonal forgiveness (P< 0.05).

"Resilience Training" and "Positive Psychology Training" increased the psychological well-being and interpersonal forgiveness of mothers with children gender dysphoria. Therefore, specialists and therapists can use the above training to help improve the psychological well-being and interpersonal forgiveness of the mothers of these children.

Aging appears to be a biological process experienced by all living beings including humans. Hence, it seems crucial to pay pertecular attention to the elderly and prevent disorders such as suicide ideation and death anxiety among them. Therefore, the purpose of the current study was to probe the effectiveness of positivism training on suicide ideation and death anxietyin the elderly. It was a quasi-experimental study with pretest-posttest and control group design. The statistical population included all the elderly men living in Dezful, Iran in 2020. The sample consisted of 30 elderly men (60 to 70 years old) selected using the convenience sampling method and considering the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The experimental group underwent eight 90-minute weekly sessions. Applied in the study were the Beck’s suicide ideation scale and Collet–Lester’s fear of death scale. Data were analyzed using univariate analysis in SPSS-22 software. The results indicated that there is a significant difference between experimental and control groups in terms of suicide ideation and death anxiety in the posttest (P<.001). That is, the positivism training resulted in the deacres of suicide ideation and death anxiety. According to the findings of the present study, the positivism training can be suggested as an efficient method in the reduction of suicide ideation and death anxietyin the elderly men.

Parents of children with special needs due to their children problems face with many problems including decrease marital happiness, resilience and life satisfaction and group positive training is one of the effective therapeutic methods. Therefore, present research aimed to determine the effectiveness of positive couple therapy on marital happiness, resilience and life satisfaction in parents of children with special needs.

The method of this study was semi-experimental with a pretest-posttest design and control group. The research population was parents of children with special needs of Ahvaz city in 2018-19 academic years, which from them the parent of 30 students were selected by available sampling method and randomly assigned into two equal groups (each group 15 couple). The experimental group received group positive training for 14 sessions of 90-minutes based on package of Seligman & et al (2006) and the control group receive no training. Research tools were the questionnaires of marital happiness (Azreen & et al, 1973), resilience (Connor & Davidson, 2003) and life satisfaction (Diner & et al, 1985). Data analyzed by Chi-square, independent t and multivariate analysis of covariance tests in SPSS-24 software.

The findings showed that in the pretest stage there wasn’t significant difference between the experimental and control groups in terms of marital happiness, resilience and life satisfaction (P>0/05), but in the posttest between them there was significant difference in terms of all three variables of marital happiness, resilience and life satisfaction (P<0/001). In the other words, group positive training led to increased marital happiness (F=1069/574), resilience (F=281/722) and life satisfaction (F=414/315) in parents of children with special needs (P<0/001).

The results indicated the effectiveness of group positive training on marital happiness, resilience and life satisfaction in parents of children with special needs. Therefore, it is suggested that to use this method along with other therapeutic methods to improve psychological characteristics.