اصول

This research was carried out with the aim of designing a model for aesthetic education based on the principles and aesthetic components in the Holy Quran.

A descriptive analysis of library and documentary sources was done. The data of the research indicates that the path of aesthetic education is through the realization of the basics and components that lead to beauty in belief and thought, desires and will, and causes the realization of true beauty. In the presented model, the ultimate goal Aesthetic education is godliness, godlikeness, or resemblance to absolute beauty, and ultimately leads to the attribution of man to the attributes of God Almighty.

The generality of the comprehensibility of beauty, the generalization of beauty, doubt, the inheritance and transmission of beauty, the absoluteness of beauty, the objectivity of beauty, God is the source of beauty, man is a version of absolute beauty, beauty is the ultimate human perfection, beauty is an existential matter, some of the basics of aesthetics are introduced. It is the Qur'an and its components are the balance of proportion, purposefulness and efficiency.

In the continuation of the discussion, among the foundations and components examined, educational topics were extracted, the realization of which can provide the basis for the flourishing of the potential talents of the educator and its direction towards the desired goals.

current research is to deduce the goals, foundations and methods of economic education based on Islamic teachings. To achieve this goal, the qualitative research method by applying the recobstructed Frankna's inference model. Analysis of research data using classification and thematic coding and interpretation have been done. To ensure that the analysis is in correct line The data continuously reviewed. In this research, the goals of economic education were determined and the basics of economic education were stated, then the principles of economic education, which is a general instruction for curriculum planning, was deduced from the basics. In explaining the methods, modern teaching methods and education methods in Islam be used in a combined manner. Also, the content appropriate to the basics, principle and method was considered. Based on the findings of the research, since economic education is considered a part of education, its goals are divided into three categories: final, intermediate and particular goals. The ultimate goal of Islamic education, which is closeness to God and divine life. Intermediate goals are divided into four categories: moral orientation, justice based, strengthening national identity, self-sufficiency, and particular goals include: social security, financial management, and consumption management. The authors extracted 16 components and 48 sub-components from the theoretical aspect in compiling the basics, which can be used as a practical guide.

The purpose of this research is to provide a model for aesthetic education based on the principles and elements of aesthetics stated in the Holy Quran.

This research has presented a model for aesthetic education based on the Holy Quran by using the analytical-descriptive method and using library and documentary sources. The results of the research show that aesthetic education requires the realization of aesthetic principles and elements that manifest beauty at different levels of human belief, thought, desire and will and provide the necessary conditions for the emergence of true beauty. In the proposed model, the ultimate goal of aesthetic education is to become God-like, God-like, or close to absolute beauty, which leads to the attributes of God Almighty in humans.

The Holy Quran expresses aesthetic principles and principles, some of which are: Beauty is a phenomenon that can be understood and generalized by everyone. Beauty can be separated and inherited. Beauty is absolute and objective. God is the source and origin of beauty. Man is a small version of absolute beauty. Beauty is the goal and perfection of man. Beauty exists and is not just said. The aesthetic elements that are emphasized in the Quran include: balance and proportion, purposefulness and efficiency.

After examining the basics and aesthetic elements mentioned in the Holy Quran, the themes and axes of education were determined, and by realizing them, it is possible to bring out the hidden talents of the teacher and guide them towards the final goals.

Family practice is an integrated service delivery approach at the first level of health care delivery, in which the family physician and his team members are responsible for providing comprehensive, continuous, coordinated and individual and family-based health services. However, the concept of family practice in the primary health care system has always been challenging. The aim of this study was to explain the principles and concepts of family practice.

This research was conducted using conceptual review method. Four electronic databases (Pubmed, Science Direct, Scopus, and Web Of Science) and Google Scholar and Google search engines were searched. Finally, 73 articles and documents were selected for final review.

Family practice is a community-based program for health services delivery in which a trained family medical team provides comprehensive, coordinated, continuous, and patient-centered primary health care services to all people of all ages and genders to promote, restore, and maintain their health. Comprehensiveness, continuity, coordination, and patient-centeredness are main principles of the family practice program. Prerequisites for a family practice program include governance and leadership, financing, manpower, equipment and supplies, service delivery, information, and political, social, economic, and technological factors. A family practice program affects the accessibility, quality, efficiency, equity, resilience and sustainability of health services and, ultimately, people health and the responsiveness and financial protection of the primary health care system.

The family practice program has had many achievements. Successful implementation of this program requires understanding its principles and prerequisites. The availability of prerequisites and ongoing evaluation of the family practice program facilitates the achievement of its goals.

The rule of maintaining order is one of the most important rules that has been studied under the secondary provisions, and considering the extent of the provisions of this rule in terms of criminal law, private law and public law, it can be said that the implementation of provisions resulting from maintaining order can According to the implementation of the provisions of jurisprudential rules, such as the no-harm rule, the rule of domination, the rule of iodine, the rule of guarantee of iodine, etc., and the following legal principles such as the principle of expediency, the principle of enforceability of rulings, Society, the principle of legality of the sentence and dozens of other principles should be examined. The rule of maintaining order is a solution in exceptional circumstances, and the jurists, according to this rule, have forbidden any issue that disrupts the system, and have issued a fatwa on what is necessary to maintain order, and therefore the issue of the correct implementation of this The rulings that have been set in order to maintain the system and prevent the disruption of the system are important. Since the application of this rule will be possible in order to execute the binding sentence, therefore, studying the rules and principles governing the rule of maintaining order in the execution of the sentence is important in both jurisprudential and legal dimensions according to the library method. And analysis and description of the contents are studied in the present article.

In a reference document, fundamentals are the core values, principles and criteria are the main indicators, and goals are the basic strategies. The Islamic foundations of this field are the underlying accepted Islamic propositions that are used to investigate health issues.
Scientific authority in health, based on Islamic values and principles, is discussed in this paper

The ijtihadic method, using resources of the “reason” , “narration” and sometimes “experiences” was used.

Some of the main Fundamentals are as below:Integrative nature of the human, Originality of the soul, learning cognitive tools, God’s Source of Grace, peace and comprehensive health in the light of religion, Comprehensiveness of the religion, educability and flourishing of human nature, synchronization of science and Religion’s certain declarations, and effectiveness of the spiritual mediators.
Some of the main principles are as below:The centralization of monotheism, the institutionalization of moral values, integrity nature of the health (physical & biological, mental, physical, social and spiritual), necessity of the health services and merchandises, Health justice and equal distribution of opportunities,  effectiveness and optimal use of facilities, and no extravagance

Considering the above fundamentals and principles, the following could be among the goals of the Scientific Authority in Health era:Continuous improvement of the health indicators, Coordination of Physical , spiritual, social, and mental health, justice in health care, including distributive justice of all geographical areas, promoting the health indicators including life expectancy with human dignity and finally Converting the IR of Iran to the medical extreme of the Southwest Asia and the Islamic World.

Moral education system needs to opinions and ideas, rising from its culture and school for its formation, reinforcement and strengthen. Given the Islamic culture ruling our society if this study carried out on a prominent source, such as Nahj al-Balaghah, its acceptance by the audiences will be certain. The aim of this study is to explain a moral education system in the 31th letter of Nahj al-Balagha that includes foundations, goals, principles, and methods of moral education. Due to the close relationship between the method and the aims and nature of the research topic, the method used in this research is an analytical-inferential method, and the data collection method is library and document review. The conceptual analysis method was used for data analysis, and according to the subject and aim of this research, a method of studying the texture of concept was used to analyze the concepts.  The moral education system in the 31th letter of Nahj al-Balagha has four component includes foundations, goals, principles, and methods of moral education. The moral education system in this letter has four foundations: monotheism, human weakness, nature, and resurrection. The ultimate goal of moral education in this letter is "to have Divine Ethics", and the mediation goals for its realization are Knowing God, Self-development, piety, austerity, patience, obligation to the divine and God's remembrance. Principles of moral education deduced from this letter are dignity, individual differences, moderation, intellection, and thinking and ultimately, moral education methods in this letter are mention, preaching, template presentation, Kindness, warning, contrition, meditation, and calculation.

Aims In recent decades, more attention has been paid to present the model of educational goals in educational works. The aim of the present study was the design and validation of the educational model based on God’s love from the perspective of Quran.
Participants & Methods The present qualitative research was conducted in Tehran in 2018 based on documentary and grounded method. The research population consisted of all relevant sources and documents related to the subject and all religious education experts in Tehran. The
samples were selected in the document review section, using purposive and available sampling and in the phenomenology and validation section of the model with a targeted snowball sampling method (6 people to saturation data). The data gathering tool was note taking and
semi-structured interview. The coding tools and interpretive analysis were also used. Delphi technique was used to validate the model. One sample t test and SPSS 24 software were used to analyze the data.
Findings The designed model had 23 conceptual codes that included 6 main fields, consisting the meanings and concepts of the love and the lover, the basics (epistemology, ontology, anthropology, and value-ology), educational goals, principles of education, educational methods,
and important educational steps based on God’s love from the perspective of Quran.
Conclusion The designed model has 23 conceptual codes that are categorized in 6 main fields. These dimensions have a direct impact on each other and are multifaceted. All dimensions and components were considered valid by the experts in the evaluations and the research model is
highly validated by experts with confidence interval 99%.

In the history of medicine, the surgical branch of Islamic medicine has been less widely studied, Therefore, the purpose of this study was to show some of the important and influential achievements of the Islamic Surgeons in this field. Regarding the wide range of subjects, the renal-urinary organs were selected until The elegance and sensibility of these organs have shown more angles than the innovations of this period.
Methods and Materials: Research Methodology have been Qualitative and descriptive-analytic type And with this method The content of the reference texts of surgical knowledge of the Islamic period has been reviewed critically and analyzed. Accordingly, the index and reference works of this period have been completed With this aim The period of the 3rd century AH, the beginning of original publications in this area until the 13th century AH, which the introduction of modern medicine into the Islamic world, was chosen. Then The principles and techniques of the surgeon have been thoroughly investigated; Then the principles and techniques of the surgeons in the field of renal, bladder, and urethral surgery have been analyzed. Eventually, By inductive method, The basic principles and techniques of this area are outlined.
The basic and consistent principles of surgery have been included: Differential diagnosis, precautionary measures, prevention of bleeding: such as hot flashes, sitting in a water pool, spraying styptic compounds, phlebotomy and closure of the wound site. After surgery, the principles of health at the surgical site were also emphasized by all surgeons. The findings of this research have suggested the following surgical procedures for the renal-edema organs: Cauterize of kidney and bladder with Hot Tools, Cauterize different hernia, Splitting with the technique of removing the inner fluid, lift and split, Split from width, Of course in this period Because of the huge dangers, is not used from cut off technique.
The research results confirmed this assumption That Some basic principles and techniques have been accepted at this time from the East to the West of the Islamic World. In the field of surgical techniques, three main methods were: Cauterize, splitting, and cutting And in this context, constant principles also included:Differential Diagnosis, Observing the moral principle of non-harming the patient, Avoid bleeding, stitching and disinfecting the wound site.

Surgery is a specialized and important branch of Persian Medicine from third to twelfth A.H. because of the delicacy and sensitivity of eye surgery. So this field is needed to know with lots of expertises and clinical experiences. So some proven principles and techniques can be drawn by examining the writings in the field of eye surgery in the Persian medicine. That laws have been proven and accepted by the majority ophthalmic surgeons. The main objective of this research is extraction of this principles and techniques. Methodology is descriptive - analytical method, based on the collected information from the basic texts of eye surgical, and drawn with inductive method in extensive specified time, principles and techniques of this knowledge. According to this important principles of ophthalmologists for differential diagnosis Criteria have been listed below: appearance, place the rise, due to illness, precaution stop the bleeding, suturing and use of singular and composite herbal medicines. The first pillar in the main techniques in surgery was survey tools and the incision width down by strip and without strip. Admittedly, in a final conclusion, 2 to 5 A.H has been a brilliant period in the eye surgery with incision method. After this period, with the decline of Islamic civilization in all aspects, this knowledge was also stagnated. Most sources have been description and summarization base texts from this knowledge, such as: Al-havi fi al-tibb Razi, Kamil al-sina’at al-tibbiye Ali Ibn Abbas Ahwazi, Qanonfi al-tibb Avicenna and Chapter thirty Al-tasrif liman "ajaz" an al-talif Zahravi. Perhaps the most important reason have been lack ofdevelopment of the means and change from the macroscopic to the microscopic thoes delayed both, in theory and practical evolution of this knowledge until the twentieth century and the arrival of modern medicine.

Among the multiple branches of the medicine of Islamic era, surgical knowledge, has not been reviewed Accurate and comprehensive. The importance of this research is an effort to provide a clear picture of the most important achievements in the field of this science, in the Islamic period. For this purpose, It should be drawn and fixed the general framework of this knowledge from the beginning of writing the independent Books in medicine in Islamic era which was drawn from third century to the beginning of modern medicine, the twelfth century AD. So this framework, is studied independently in both permanent principles and techniques of surgeons.
The method of research is qualitative with analysis the main text of surgery in the Islamic period. Accordingly, the works of this period, It was checked the reliable and available references, such as Al-Hawi fi Tibb-Razi, qanon Ibn Sina, AL-TASRIF Zahravi to less famous books, such as Fosul Qadiri. At the same time, In terms of time as well, the starting point OF study was a book of Ferdus alhikmeh and end point of study, book was khazaen al-moluk. Then these datas have been analyzed the views of the people in the field of surgery of tumor. Eventually has been tried with Inductive method to be determined the principles and proven techniques in this field.
The findings show that there has been some accepted and proven principles and techniques at this juncture from the east to the west in the Muslim world. The first principle, have been diagnosis Proper place of tumor, according to the location and content. Other principle has been determine the exact location of Surgery, precaution, stop the bleeding and suturing techniques tumor was the other principle of surgery. Surgical techniques of tumor include three general methods which have been split and cut. Techniques of Split include vertical slot (top-down), width gap, gap without lifting, Split with cauterize technique, Crescent and cross technique. Cutting also had been by removing the skin and techniques of cut off tonsils and tumor from throat. Also in some limited cases, for the treatment cauterize is used. One of the main principles of a surgeon in Islamic period has been specialized knowledge with a variety of necessary surgical tools. Specialized tools in this type of surgery include: Cicatrix; hook types; scalpel; Scissors; exam bars and Pliers.
Much of the principles and techniques of surgery of tumor, provided in the medical reference from third to six century AH And from the seventh to the thirteenth century enter the modern medicine to the world of Islam. Almost all the major sources, are repeated comments from earlier source, without critical review and provide any innovation and basically there has not been attempt to push the boundaries of knowledge. So it has been written a Brief descriptions of reference works such as the qanon Ibn Sina. Perhaps the main factor is the overall weakness of Islamic civilization and the subsequent, decline of the educational system of medicine is based on empirical observation, on the other hand, Lack of technology and prevented Microscopic growth this knowledge and build new tools.

Surgical knowledge is one of the most important passages of Traditional medicine in Islamic period. Among the different organs, eye surgery, an elegance and high sensitivity field, that needs to more expertise and clinical experience. It seems that it can be drawn permanent principles and certain rules, has been accepted and used by most surgeons in this period by review of traditional reference books. This study reveals these principles and evaluates the surgical techniques of eye surgery in Traditional medicine. Research method is qualitative content analysis of original texts of surgery in Islamic period. Accordingly, it is searched content of the outstanding works in this field, also their views on the principles and techniques is analyzed in the Cauterized of eye. Finally, with the inductive method, was specified constat Principles and techniques in the field. This hypothesis is confirmed the surgens of Islamic period, have had the Clear and distinct understanding of a variety of head diseases. During this period, the common principles and techniques has spread throughout the Islamic world, from Andalusia in the West to India in the East.Discussion & The differential diagnosis according to the criteria same as appearance, position, reason of illness, observance the precautionary principle, as a result of the clinical experience, schedule for treatment, specialized knowledge of species, cicatrix, required for each illness, techniques, and essential principles in the process of management were noticed. Surgical techniques have also been included such as cauterize with needle, olive, arches and lens shape Cicatrix. Also surgeon has observed special techniques for using either one Cicatrix to minimize the risk of eye injury.

Porcelain shade selection is very important in dentistry. There are some criteria for selecting the correct shade, but the extent to which these criteria are employed is not clear. The present study aimed to evaluate the performance of general dentists in using the principles of porcelain shade selection in Shiraz in 2012.
This cross-sectional study was conducted on 82 general dentists in Shiraz. While the dentists were selecting the shade, we evaluated the use of principles of shade selection (look angle, eye posture, and distance). Then, the data were analyzed using the SPSS statistical software.
None of the study dentists used commercial light sources and 52.4% benefited from daylight. Moreover, 53.4%, 57.3%, and 69.5% of the dentists had correct eye posture, correct look angle, and correct distance, respectively. The results showed a significant relationship between working experience and correct shade selection (P=0.03).
The results of the present study demonstrated that about half of the general dentists did not follow the principles of shade selection. Thus, dentists’ attention should be attracted to the principles of shade selection. Also, further studies are required to focus on the reasons for not observing these principles.

The harmful outcomes of inordinate exploit from the nature and appearance of various kinds of pollutants, unplanned development of all fields leading to destruction and pollution of the environment and a global view towards other bioenvironmental factors are all indicating a very perilous situation in the world. Therefore, the necessity of developing bioenvironmental principles upon divine ethical ideals and development of worldly life as well is observed more than any other time. Such collection of the principles and doctrines might not be developed through a comprehensive individual or group manner because it needs some ideological and anthropological basis to be inspired from a supernatural source that is nothing but revelatory instructions. The environment is considered as everything around to be affected by or affects us and includes natural, artificial and social environment. Following principles can be mentioned from the viewpoint of Islam: environmental justice – reconstruction of the artificial environment – to invite the people to protect the environment – to study the bioenvironmental impacts of development projects – to prevent from destruction of the environment - Optimum consumption - Environmental Health – to prevent from environmental pollution – water sanitation – air sanitation – noise sanitation – earth health - health trash – to make recycling system – to extend the green spaces and to execute national and international protocols are the most important among all.