بیماری های قلب و عروق

Cardiovascular disease is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are one of the most common sources of cell-based therapies in heart regeneration. There are several approaches to differentiate MSCs into cardiac-like cells, such as genetic modification. In addition, using of 3D culture, such as hydrogels, increases the efficiency of differentiation.

In the present study, lentiviruses containing microRNA 1 (miR- 1) and myocardium (Myocd) were co-transducted to mouse adipose-derived MSCs. Three days after, transduced MSCs were transferred to a hydrogel containing chitosan and collagen. After 21 days, the differentiation of encapsulated cells was evaluated. In this regard, the expression of cardiac markers such as NK2 homeobox 5 (Nkx2-5), GATA binding protein 4 (Gata4) and troponin T type 2 (Tnnt2) at the level of gene and protein were investigated.

The results of real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and immunocytochemistry showed that co-induction of miR-1 and Myocd in MSCs followed by transfer to composite hydrogel increased the expression of cardiac markers.

The use of 3D culture such as chitosan/collagen hydrogel improves the differentiation of MSCs and subsequently obtains more mature cells for use in cell-based regenerative medicine

Inactivity is one of the 10 leading causes of death in the world, doubling the risk of cardiovascular disease. Health belief model (HBM) is an effective model in predict the regular physical activity behavior. This study aimed at identifying determinants of the regular physical activity in order to prevent cardiovascular diseases, using HBM.
Instruments & This descriptive-analytical cross sectional study was conducted on employees working in a healthcare network affiliated to Ilam University of Medical Sciences in 2017. 163 subjects were selected by simple random sampling method. The instruments to collect the data were standard inventory of HBM-ISCS and self-made questionnaire that were applied after reviewing and approving their validity and reliability. Eventually, the data were analyzed, by SPSS 16, using Pearson correlation coefficient, multiple regression analysis, and ETA test. The perceived severity and self-efficacy were significant predictors of daily and weekly regular physical activity. Meanwhile, multiple regression analysis predicted 23.3% of the behavior. Also, gender had the strongest relationship with the barriers of physical activity and marital status and occupation had the strongest relationship with self-efficacy. Education had no significant statistical relationship with model constructs and age had a significant statistical relationship with perceived severity and the benefits of physical activity. The perceived severity and self-efficacy from health belief model are the strongest determinants for daily and weekly physical activity.

Aim:  This study reviews the role of vitamin E in cardiovascular diseases. Cardiovascular diseases are among the most common health-related problems, and the number of the patients with cardiovascular diseases increases each year. Long-term manifestations of cardiovascular disease bears a lot of cost to the family and society. This review study was conducted by searching out the related literature in the databases Google Scholar, PubMed, PMC, Springer, and Elsevier, for papers published from 2014 to 2018. Initially, a total of 72 articles were found and the number of articles was reduced to 42 by removing duplicates and articles that were only accessible as abstract. Finally, a review by 21 articles was carried out. α-Tocopherol is the most common form of vitamin E in human tissues. Increased oxidative stress is an important mediator of endothelial injury in hypertension pathology, associated with increased oxidant protein production, such as hydrogen peroxide super oxidation, decreased nitric oxide synthesis, and decreased biological capacity of antioxidants. Oxidative stress may lead to endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, hypertrophy, fibrosis, and angiogenesis associated with hypertensive vascular changes. Vitamin E deficiency can provide a constraint for micro ribonucleic acids (miRNAs) networks, and this may lead to the progression of atherosclerosis. Vitamin E deficiency causes adverse effects in cardiovascular systems. However, the effect of its use in the treatment of diseases is still not fully understood. A good amount of Vitamin E should be provided and it should be replaced before the complications occur.

Psychological well-being (PWB) and having a meaningful life play a role in reducing the incidence and mortality of cardiac disease. The aim of this study is to assess PWB in two groups of people with heart disease and healthy people.

This descriptive study was performed in two groups of people with heart disease and healthy people referring to a cardiac clinic of Heshmat Hospital in Rasht from Feb to July 2016. Ryff’s PWB and demographic information were completed for all the participants. Average grade of welfare and six subscales both groups were compared using independent t-test. Relevance of well-being score with variables was surveyed using multiple linear regression model.

Number of 88 cases entered in the study with the average age of 50.47±15.88 year. Total score was 80.50±10.44 in ill group and 87.66±8.75 in healthy group which was significantly higher in healthy group (P=0.001). The results showed that the score of well-being in people without cardiac disease is 8.7 units more than the group suffering from it. It also showed that the score of well-being in individuals without hypertention is 3.5 units higher than those who are hypertention. No significant relevance was observed between other demographic variables and well-being score.

In this study cardiac disease and hypertention were considered as factors related to well-being status. Futuristic longitudinal studies to survey the occurance of cardiac disease in individuals with various well-being score and executing plans to improve well-being situation as a preventive factor is recommended.

Considering the increased rate of cardiovascular diseases as well as muscle weakness in disabled women, the present study was performed with the aim of investigating the effect of a period of resistance training on cardiovascular risk factors, agility, and speed in disabled female athletes.
Eighteen disabled female athletes (age, 29.5±2.6 years; weight, 66.3±14.5kg) voluntarily participated in this quasi-experimental study. The subjects were randomly divided into two identical control groups (n=9) and experimental group (n=9). The control group performed regular training (3 sessions per week), but the experimental group, in addition to regular training, participated in resistance training (3 sessions per week) for 8 weeks. The serum levels of LDL, HDL, and functional tests (zig-zag agility and speed tests), were assessed before and after 8 weeks of training. Data were analyzed using independent t-, paired t-, and covariance tests. The significance level was considered to be p In this study, 8 weeks of resistance training had no significant effect on serum levels of LDL, HDL, and zig-zag agility test (p>0.05). but after 8 weeks of resistance training, diameter speed function significantly improved in the experimental group (p The findings of this study showed that 8 weeks of resistance training, without changes in serum levels of LDL and HDL and agility, improved diameter speed function in disabled women.

Heart disease is a kind of psychosomatic diseases. Psychological problems plays an essential role in severity, prognosis and outcome. It is important to identify the severity of depression in order to decrease heart attack and improve the quality of life. This study examined the prevalence of depression, in hospitalized patients with cardio-vascular diseases. Survey of prevalence and severity of depression, in hospitalized patients with cardiovascular diseases in the Rasht Cardiovascular Hospital in 1392. This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on 108 cardiovascular hospitalized patients that were chosen by consecutive sampling. Cardiac Depression Scale (CDS) was used to asses depression in cardio-vascular patients. The collected data were analyzed using statistical tests by SPSS 16. The average age was (59.82 ±13.17). From 108 participants in this study, 72 (66.6%) were male and 36 (33.3%) female. 31.5% of participants had no depression and 8.3% suffering from moderate depression and the number of participants suffering from severe depression included 65 people (60.2%). The results showed no significant relationship between gender and severity of depression (p=0.302). Also, the Pearson correlation test did not show a significant relationship between age and severity of depression (p=0.729). According to high prevalence of depression, psychological evaluation and screening of cardiovascular patients is necessary.

Cardiovascular disease is one of the most common causes of morbidity and mortality around the world. The number of people with cardiovascular disease is increasing. This review article discusses the role of Vitamin D and Vitamin D deficiency complications in cardiovascular system. This review article was conducted by searching out electronic databases as Google scholar, Elsevier, PupMed, PMC, and Springer to find articles published between 2007 and 2015. The keywords searched out were: “Cardiovascular disease AND Vit D”, “Vit D AND Hypertension”, “Vit D AND Heart”, “Vit D AND Atherosclerosis”, and “Vit D deficiency”. The response of Vitamin D receptors in all tissues including cardiovascular system (in presence of sufficient amount of Vitamin D) can prevent from uncontrolled growth and proliferation of cells in cardiomyocytes and smooth muscle of vessels wall. This is done by specific gene control through 1/25 Dihydroxyvitamin D (active form of Vitamin D). These genes control proliferation and differentiation of cells resulting in prevention of cardiovascular tissue hypertrophy and vessel thickness. Studies revealed that Vitamin D deficiency can cause inadvertent complications in cardiovascular system but it isn’t completely clear that administration of vitamin D can be beneficial in treatment of cardiovascular disease. It is essential that adequate levels of Vitamin D is provided and replaced in the body before complications happen.

Attention Deficit/ Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is persistent pattern of inattention and/or hyperactivity- impulsivity behavior. ADHD is frequently accompanied by Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD). To assess the Cardiovascular Fitness in children with attention deficit / hyperactivity disorder with and without developmental coordination disorder and normal children. In this descriptive comparative study, a total of 45 male children aged 9-7 years in which 30 individuals non-randomly selected from child psychiatry outpatient squarely addressed both public and private centers. Fifteen normal children were selected from elementary schools students in Rasht. Diagnostic criteria by clinical interview based on DSM-IV criteria, were performed by child and adolescent psychiatrist. Cardiovascular Fitness was tested with 6-minute walk. Data were analyzed using SPSS-16.0 software. Variables to determine statistically significant differences in the three groups ANNOVA test were used. Levels lower than the rate of p= 0/05 were considered significant. Children with ADHD with and without DCD showed poor Cardiovascular Fitness, compared with normal children (P<0.05). Cardiovascular Fitness in ADHD+ DCD group was lower than that in ADHD counterparts. ADHD children with and without DCD have poor Cardiovascular Fitness than normal children. Cardiovascular Fitness deficit may differentiate motor problems in DCD and ADHD

Abstract

Diabetes is known as a common risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Another issue is people’s belief about therapeutic effects of opium on the metabolic ill conditions. This conception has led to the rising prevalence of opium consumption، which demands further studies in different regions.

The aim of this study was determination of the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors between diabetic patients in Kerman and study of opium’s impression on these factors as a common social habit in this region.

In this cross-sectional study we enrolled 248 diabetic patients (203(81%) female and 45 (19%) male، age 54. 37 ± 9. 75 years old) in Kerman. A questionnaire completed after direct interview، physical examination and laibratory assessment. The data were analyzed by SPSS soft word.

Mean duration of disease was 8. 78 ± 7. 48 years. Overall، 38. 7% of the patients had arterial hypertension and 75. 6% were in uncontrolled DM state، as glycosilated hemoglobin more than 7%. As revealed، 47. 6% of the patients had cholesterol greater than 200، 69. 3% triglyceride higher than 150، 57. 8% with LDL-C greater than 100 and 43. 7% were with low level of HDL-C. The prevalence of opium consumption in patients was 20. 4%. The hyper-cholesterolemia was significantly less frequent in opium users; in contrast، high systolic blood pressure was more frequent among them. No significant difference was observed in the other type of serum lipids or statement of diabetes control.

Cardiovascular risk factors were frequent among patients in Kerman. Thus، preventive policies should be adopted to control it. On the other hand، opium consumption did not show any considerable effect on cardiovascular risk factors. Conflict of interest: non declared

While cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the most common cause of death worldwide، and early cardiac vessels occlusion begins from childhood، promoting the knowledge of children، their parents and teachers about CVD symptoms، risk factors and prevention seems to be an essential issue. Determining the effectiveness of education for cardiovascular on increasing the knowledge of preschool children، their teachers and parents in five preschool educational centers of Rasht about symptoms، risk factors and prevention of CVD. In this pre -post interventional study، 85 parents of preschool children from five preschool educational centers of Rasht، 4 principals and 10 teachers، participated in the pretests، educational treatment and then posttests about symptoms، risk factors and prevention of CVD. The knowledge levels of 101 preschool children at these centers were measured through illustrated pretests and then assessed and compared using posttests following theoretical and practical respective education. In this study، the pretest mean scores of parents، principals، teachers and preschool children were 10. 50، 10. 75، 10. 90، 12. 95 and posttest mean scores were 15. 52، 16. 50، 19. 30، 17. 32، respectively and differences between pre and post conditions were significant. The level of knowledge about CVD increased in these groups by %52. 84، %57. 76، %92. 3، and % 59. 3، respectively. As revealed، the knowledge levels of preschool children and their parents، principals and teachers about CVD were promoted and the necessity of public knowledge promotion about CVD symptoms، risk factors and preventive methods، planning proper children diets and childhood obesity prevention was indicated.