جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "خود ارزیابی" در نشریات گروه "پزشکی"

To ensure the effectiveness of education, the related factors should be identified and evaluated. Accreditation is one of the evaluation systems to determine the status of medical universities in terms of education, research, and services. The present study aims to conduct an internal evaluation of the departments of the Dental School at Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences (RUMS), Iran. 

This is a descriptive-analytical study that was conducted in 2021 at the Dental Scool of RUMS. Information was collected from 27 department managers and faculty members using interviews, from 97 students (Mean age= 23.84±1.56 years) using Sanatkhani’s questionnaire, and from 355 patients (Mean age= 33.18±10.11) using a questionnaire prepared by the Dentistry Scool  Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. The collected data were analyzed in SPSS software version 22 using descriptive statistics, ANOVA, and t-test. The significance level was set at α<0.05.

According to experts, the highest mean scores in management/organization, education, professional growth, and research domains were obtained in the departments of surgery, orthodontics, radiology, and oral diseases, respectively. The lowest scores in the domains of management/organization, education, and professional growth were related to the department of periodontics; in the research domain, the lowest score was for the department of prosthetics. The highest and lowest satisfaction levels of students were with the departments of prosthetics and endodontics, respectively. The highest and lowest satisfaction levels of patients were with the departments of endodontics and surgery, respectively.

Some departments of the Dental School at RUMS have relatively favorable or unfavorable conditions in various fields. Therefore, in order to reach the standard conditions and fulfill the set goals, it is recommended to develop suitable strategies and plans and take actions to improve their performance by recognizing their strengths and weaknesses.

Social anxiety is characterized by marked anxiety, cognitive and emotional dysfunction in social situations and can lead to social avoidance behavior. The purpose of this study was to investigate the mediating role of self-criticism in the relationship between the fear of negative evaluation and self-compassion with social anxiety in Yazd medical students.

A correlational research study was conducted using structural equation modeling. The statistical population of the research consisted of all students of medicine, pharmacy and dentistry of Shahid Sadougi University of Medical Sciences in Yazd in the academic year of 2021-2022. The sample size of 250 people was determined; sampling was done by voluntary sampling method. Research instruments included social anxiety scale (Jarabek, 1996), fear of negative evaluation (Leary, 1983), short form of self-compassion (Rees et al., 2011) and self-criticism (Thompson and Zaroff, 2004), which were published online. Finally, the data of 227 students were analyzed by Pearson correlation and structural equation model using SPSS16 and Amos24 software.

The results showed that the direct effect of fear of negative evaluation and self-criticism on social anxiety was significant (P<0.001) the direct effect of self-compassion on students' social anxiety was insignificant (P<0.05) and the direct effect of fear of negative evaluation and self-compassion on self-criticism was also significant (P<0.001). Similarly, the bootstrap results showed that the effect of fear of negative evaluation and self-compassion on social anxiety through self-criticism was significant (P<0.001).

Fear of negative evaluation significantly influences social anxiety, highlighting self-criticism's mediating role in this relationship.

Social anxiety disorder is an intense and persistent fear of being watched and judged by others. This fear can affect work, school, and other daily activities. This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the mediating role of self-criticism regarding the fear of negative evaluation and social anxiety of medical students.

This is a correlational research conducted using structural equations. The statistical population of the research consisted of all doctoral students of medical sciences in Yazd in the academic year 1400-1401. The sample size of 227 people was determined and sampling was done by voluntary sampling method. The research tools included the social anxiety scale (Jarabek, 1996), self-criticism (Thompson & Zuroff, 2004) and fear of negative evaluation (Leary, 1983), which was published online. The data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and structural equation modeling, utilizing SPSS26 and Amos24 software.

The direct effect of fear of negative evaluation on social anxiety was significant (P=0/001). the direct effect of self-criticism on social anxiety (P=0/041), and the direct effect of fear of negative evaluation on self-criticism (P=0/001) were significant. Bootstrap results further indicated that the indirect effect of fear of negative evaluation on social anxiety through self-criticism was significant (P=0/019).

These findings highlight self-criticism as a significant mediator between fear of negative evaluation and social anxiety in medical students, emphasizing the importance of addressing self-perception in interventions.

In most developed countries, accreditation programs are implemented based on standards to evaluate and improve medical education. This study aims to evaluate the quality and quantity of the educational system in universities and faculties located in the sixth macro-region of Iran to improve the existing conditions according to society's expectations of higher education.

In this study , by convergent-parallel approach, the effects of institutional accreditation in universities and faculties in the sixth macro-region were examined in 2019 based on the national accreditation project including 66 standards and 351 indicators in 8 areas. A field visit to educational-research facilities and a documentation study were conducted based on the eight areas. After collecting and reviewing the data, the accreditation results were presented. 

Considering the educational-research facilities as well as the achievement of necessary and preferred standards, we saw a significant growth in medical universities and faculties in the region.

Medical universities and faculties in the sixth macro-region should provide the necessary infrastructure to reach the optimal level in all necessary standards and improve the quality of medical education. In addition, familiarizing all university staff with the accreditation standards can help improve the quality of services.

Identifying early signs of learning disabilities and timely educational support for children at risk of learning disabilities is very important. This study was conducted to investigate the psychometric properties of the Persian version of the Early Learning Observation and Rating Scale among children 4 to 6 years old in 2022.

The study is descriptive and methodological type with aim of  psychometric Early Learning Observation and Rating Scale. The first population of study was all children of 4 to 6 years in kindergartens and preschools in Bojnourd, 400 children's were selected through cluster random sampling method. The second population of the research included the first grade students of Bojnord city. Using purposefull sampling, 20 first-grade students referred to learning disabilities centers and 20 first grade students without learning problems were selected. It was used tools of the Early Learning Observation and Rating Scale, Denver Developmental Screening Test-II, and the Raven intelligence test to collect data. It was evaluated convergent and divergent validity, construct validity (exploratory factor analysis), diagnostic validity and internal reliability of the scale.

The Cronbach's alpha reliability of the Early Learning Observation and Rating subscales was in the range of 0.86 to 0.92. Exploratory factor analysis confirmed the existence of seven factors in Early learning observation and rating scale. Early Learning Observation and Rating Scale were correlated positively with the Denver test(r=0.70) and negatively with Raven's IQ test(r=-0.30) (P<0.01) indicating a convergent validity and divergent validity confirmation. Also, the first-grade students with specific learning problems had significantly high scores in the subscales of Early Learning Observation and Rating Scale (P<0.0001) indicating a diagnostic validity.

The Early Learning Observation and Rating Scale was an acceptable level in terms of internal consistency, diagnostic, convergent, and divergent validity. It is a suitable tool for early identification of learning disorders in preschool children in Iran.

Continuous evaluation of medical record documentation is needed for a quality patient care. This study aims to evaluate the status of nursing documentation before and after providing feedback to nurses in the emergency department (ED) of a hospital in Mashhad, Iran.

This quasi-experimental study was conducted in the ED of Imam Reza Hospital in Mashhad in 2022. First, the ED nursing documentation assessment tool was developed based on the literature review and its psychometric properties were evaluated. Then, 150 medical records were randomly selected from the ED and examined by this tool. The results of assessment along with the guideline for correct documentation were given to the nurses as feedback in a video format. One month after, 150 medical records were examined again and the results compared. Data were analyzed in SPSS software, version 22 using the independent t-test, chi-square test, and Fisher’s exact test.

Of 22 indicators in the initial draft of designed tool, 18 obtained acceptable CVR (>0.56) and CVI (>0.79). Cronbach’s α coefficient for the designed tool was obtained 0.85. The mean score of nursing documentation before giving feedback was 27.9±2.1 (out of 36) which increased significantly to 29.1±1.6 after giving feedback (P<0.001). The highest percentage of incomplete documentation was related to the triage form and compliance with the principles of correction or addition.

The status of nursing documentation in the ED of study hospital can be improved by the feedback method. It is recommended to regularly evaluate the nursing documentation status in this department and provide feedback to the nurses.

University professors,due to their great impact on their environment,especially students, in addition to performing their scientific and research duties, also have a sensitive moral role in educating students.Therefore,it is necessary to address professional ethics in this group.

This study was conducted to determine the level of professional ethics in faculty members and teachers based on self-assessment in Shahroud University of Medical Sciences.

In this descriptive-analytical study conducted in the academic year 2022-2021,121 faculty members and teachers of Shahroud University of Medical Sciences were included in the study by counting method.To collect data,two questionnaires were used: demographic information and quality of performance of Sadat et al.Data were collected and analyzed using SPSS software version 18 with the help of descriptive and analytical statistics (P <0.005).

Out of 121 teachers participating in the study,70 (57.9%) were male and the rest were female and the mean age of the participants was39.14±6.18 years.The highest age group of participants(66 people)was between 36-45 years (54.5%)and the most active place was the teachers(46 people)of the medical school(38%).In terms of education, having a degree,71 people had a doctorate (58.7%), 108 people had a scientific degree(89.3%)and 79 people had a history of1-5 years(65.3%).There was no significant relationship between ethics score and any of the demographic variables.The mean and standard deviation of the morality score was151.29± 16.30.And the highest scores,respectively, related to the areas of practical commitment34.57 ± 4.04,professional ability of33.76 ± 4.35,The management and leadership of the class was30.68±3.89,the professional ethics was26.42 ± 2.69 and the scientific and educational ability was25.84 ± 3.38.

The level of professional ethics in general among the professors of Shahroud University of Medical Sciences is at a high level,but some scores in the fields are low,which is necessary. University officials should promote these sub-areas by holding workshops, training courses, pamphlets and ethical charters.

 The health, safety and environment (HSE) system is an integrated system that tries to create a healthy, pleasant and lively environment with no accidents, damages and injuries by converging and synergizing human resources, facilities and equipment. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the validation of the revised scale of HSE performance.

This was a descriptive and analytical research conducted using the psychometric method. The statistical population included all workers of the steel companies in Kerman Province, Iran in 1400. Using the cluster sampling method based on psychometric criteria a sample of 100 was selected for the convergent validity and a sample of 578 for the construct validity section. Data were collected through two scales of HSE performance and job stress (Cohen et al., 1983). Content validity, convergent validity and factor analysis methods were used to check the validity of the scale. The reliability of the scale was checked using the internal homogeneity and classification reliability (dividing in 2 haves).  The SPSS version 22 software was used for data analysis.

Confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the six-factor model. The questionnaire was used along with the 35-item occupational stress questionnaire of Cohen et al. (1983) which had good reliability and validity. The alpha coefficient obtained for the whole scale was 0.79, and for the subscales as follows: resilience 0.93, demand 0.90, role 0.93, control 0.85, support 0.72 and relationships 79.0. In addition, the reliability coefficient of the scale was also calculated using the classification method. The classification coefficient for the first and second halves of the data was 0.87 and 0.62, respectively, the correlation between the two halves being 0.248. These findings indicated a favorable internal consistency coefficient for the HSE performance scale (P<0.001).

According to the findings obtained based on the HSE validation, which showed that the fit of the model is high and also that the evaluation of HSE performance has a great role in the health of employees, more attention should be paid to the establishment and implementation of HSE management in Kerman steel companies.

For evaluating the quality of e-curriculum in order to improve and having efficiency in e-learning, a suitable and valid model is very important, which was the purpose of this study.

The present study is classified as qualitative research in terms of data collection method. The research population was all the specialists, professors and experts active in the field of e-learning in higher education in the country, 20 of them have been selected by targeted sampling to achieve data saturation. Semi-structured interview method has been used to collect data. First, the documents and texts related to the research topic are studied, then, according to the obtained factors, an interview was conducted. To analyze the data and determine the factors, the coding method with MAXQDA2020 software has been used.

First, the documents and texts related to the research topic are studied using the deductive method and 4 main factors for the quality evaluation model of the electronic curriculum including managerial organizational, pedagogical, technology, evaluation factors were extracted. Then, according to the obtained factors, an interview was conducted. To analyze the data and determine the factors, the coding method with MAXQDA2020 software has been used and 8 main factors have been obtained, which are evaluation, pedagogical, organizational, individual, technological and electronic, environmental (extra-organizational, political, cultural), learning and moral factors. Conclusion Studies confirm that the use of evaluation, pedagogical, organizational and managerial, individual, technological and electronic, environmental (extraorganizational, political, cultural), learning moral factors, in designing an appropriate model for evaluating the quality of e-curriculum are necessary.

Due to the negative effects of municipal waste, the need for proper management and selection of appropriate solutions to minimize these effects is strongly felt. One of the methods of recycling waste is preparing compost from organic materials. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the environmental impacts of the two options of implementation and non-implementation of the Karaj compost plant project.

Based on the obtained results, the project implementation was determined by gaining more points (0.181) in terms of sustainability and having the least destructive environmental effects, and the project was not implemented by gaining more points (-0.155) in terms of sustainability and having more environmentally destructive effects.

Based on the obtained results, the first option (project implementation) was determined as the best option by gaining more points (0.181) in terms of sustainability and having the least destructive environmental Impacts and the second option (non-implementation of the project) was determined with a lower score (-0.155) in terms of sustainability and more environmental damage than the first option.

According to the research findings, the results of the rapid impact assessment matrix and sustainability model are consistent in confirming the superiority of compost plant performance over non-implementation.

Assessing students' professional skills, teamwork and communication proficiency in the clinical environment by multiple evaluators such as educators, peers and students themselves is essential. The aim of this study was to compare the self-assessment method and peer assessment as means of evaluation on the clinical competence of medical students of Jahrom University of Medical Sciences.

This cross-sectional study was performed on 110 medical students of University of Medical Sciences in 2020-2021.Convenience sampling method was used. To assess clinical competence, a valid and reliable questionnaire was used in four areas of communicative proficiency, cooperation with the medical team, patient management and practical skills. Data analysis was performed using independent t-test and one-way analysis of variance.

The results of self-assessment showed that students in the field of practical skills (12.44 ± 3.16) were more capable but in the field of communication skills (7.96 ± 2.01) scored low on their ability. Peer assessment, the highest score was seen in the field of practical skills (12.69 ± 2.44) and the least was allocated to the field of cooperation with the treatment team (7.70 ± 1.96.). Comparing the mean scores of self-assessments with the mean scores of peers demonstrated a statistically significant difference (P < 0.001).

Self-assessment and peer assessment as a complementary, applicable and accessible method for assessing students' achievement of expected competencies can be considered in the evaluation system of clinical education.

Medical record documentation by physicians in the emergency department is very important because it determines the required services of patients in the next step. This study aimed to design and implement appropriate tools for the rapid assessment of physicians' documentation in the emergency department.

The present study was a cross-sectional study. First, a comprehensive review of resources was done in Google Scholar, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, Iran doc, and SID until 2021. Physician documentation indicators were provided to health information management specialists, emergency medicine specialists, forensic specialists, and the head of the HIM department in hospitals. Intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) was used to evaluate face and content validity for instrument reliability. Then, the proposed tool randomly selected and reviewed 230 medical records of Imam Reza (AS) Hospital in Mashhad. Data were analyzed using SPSS 21 software.

First, a tool with 26 indicators was developed. Intra-class correlation coefficient (ICC) was obtained from the test of 30 medical records 0.980, which was acceptable. Seventeen indicators had scores higher than 0.79, 0.714, and 3.55 and CVR and face validity, including signature, date and time, diagnoses and procedures, correction of errors. The assessment results of 230 medical records showed a relatively good state of documentation of emergency physicians.

The proposed tool allows the rapid assessments of the key index in the documentation of physicians in the emergency department and has high validity and reliability, so it is recommended to be used in the emergency department.

Health organizations such as hospitals have a significant role in the environment and by considering the type of activity and how they affect the environment, we can understand the importance of these centers. Over the decades, the international community has designed and developed various models to prevent the harmful effects of the environment by various organizations. These patterns include various indicators in the health sector. The described indicators include: environmental management, building and environment design, energy and water consumption, air quality and pollutants, waste, preferred environmental purchases and chemical materials. Considering the importance of the indicators and its effects on the performance of the hospital, in this study, which was conducted as a review, a review of the indicators and the reasons for its importance.

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation is one of the most important medical emergencies and the effect of trained and skilled people on the outcome of resuscitation has been proven to be positive. The results of studies indicate poor performance and insufficient knowledge of operating room technicians in the field of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Despite the importance of cardiopulmonary resuscitation training, very little attention is still paid to teaching patient life skills with attractive and appropriate methods, so the current need is not only to slightly increase cardiopulmonary resuscitation training, but more importantly, to increase the quality of training. One way is self-assessment. In the medical profession, the ability of employees to identify their strengths and weaknesses is very important, and proper self-assessment can be effective in developing a person's abilities. Learners also use the rethinking process to gain insight into their own performance and identify strengths and abilities, as well as areas that may need further development. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of visual self-assessment training on the level of knowledge, self-esteem and performance of operating room personnel in field of advanced cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

This Semi-experimental pre-test post-test single group study was performed with participation of 32 operating room technicians. Sampling was continued in an accessible method according to the inclusion criteria reach the specified sample size. The intervention was in the form of a cardiopulmonary resuscitation workshop and takes a video from resuscitation operation on the model by each of the participants and then replaying the video for self-assessment. The two-day workshop includes theoretical and practical training including recognizing life-threatening dysrhythmias, recognizing and using the cardiac shock device, airway management (airway opening maneuvers and artificial respiration by airway and ambo bag), and cardiopulmonary resuscitation training. According to the latest guideline of cardiopulmonary resuscitation 2017, it was in the form of a lecture and slide show and all the resuscitation steps were performed in the form of simulations on a mannequin for cardiopulmonary resuscitation. At the end of the workshop on the second day, each participant was given 3 minutes to perform a short-term scenario about cardiopulmonary resuscitation. From all participant’s performances were recorded a video and after the resuscitation, each person film was shown for himself on the TV in the resuscitation room. Then, knowledge, self-esteem questionnaire and self-assessment performance checklist were given to each participant to complete immediately after the intervention. At the same time, during the resuscitation by the participants, a performance observation checklist was completed for them by the researcher. At 8 weeks after the intervention, the participants repeated the above steps again by receiving another short scenario and performing 3 minutes of cardiac resuscitation on the mannequin and showing the resuscitation video and completing the knowledge, self-esteem and self-assessment questionnaire. At this time, the performance observation checklist was completed again by the researcher. So the data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire and Rosenberg self-esteem questionnaire in 3 times (before, immediately and 8 weeks after the intervention) and self-assessment performance questionnaire and observational performance checklist in two times (immediately and 8 weeks after Intervention) were collected. This article was extracted from a research project approved by Isfahan University of Medical Sciences. During the research process, the ethical policies of the university were observed, including obtaining informed consent from the nurses. Data were analyzed by SPSS.v16 software and repeated measures analysis, Greenhouse-Geisser and Bonferroni post hoc test and paired t-test were used. 

A total of 32 operating room technicians were included in the study, one participant was excluded due to obstetric delivery, one due to transfer from a medical center and 2 due to not participating in the evaluation 8 weeks after the intervention. Finally, data analysis was performed on 28 operating room personnel participating in the study.  Demographic data of participants showed 89.29% were female, 67.86% had a bachelor's degree in operating room and the mean age of participants was 39.37 years. The comparison of the mean score of operating room technicians knowledge in 3 times was significant (P<0.001). The pairwise comparison of knowledge index was significant at the time (before-immediately after (P<0.002) and before -8 weeks after the intervention (P<0.05)). The comparison of the mean score of operating room technicians self-esteem in 3 times was significant (P<0.001). Also, the comparison of the mean performance self-assessment score and the comparison of the mean performance score observed immediately after and 8 weeks later were significant (P<0.001). According to the results obtained by comparing the knowledge index in pairs at three different times with Bonferroni test, the difference between the means of the times before and immediately after the intervention and the times immediately after and 8 weeks after the intervention was significant (P <0.0001) and there is no significant difference between the time before and 8 weeks after the intervention (P = 0.321). Also, according to the results obtained by comparing the self-esteem index in three different times, the difference between the means of the times before and immediately after the intervention (P = 0.002) and the time before and 8 weeks after the intervention was significantly different (P = 0.05). While there was no significant difference between the times immediately after and 8 weeks after the intervention (P = 1,000). So visual self-assessment has elevated the self-esteem of operating room technicians in cardiopulmonary resuscitation and it kept high until 8 weeks later. While knowledge was high immediately after the intervention and decreased significantly 8 weeks after the intervention. There was also a significant improvement in functional cardiopulmonary resuscitation.

Visual self-assessment method is effective in increasing the knowledge, self-esteem and performance of operating room technicians in the field of cardiopulmonary resuscitation. Especially since their self-esteem and performance will be indelible. The presentation of this method by clinical instructors and diversity in educational affairs are the advantages of using the visual self-assessment training method in clinical education and it can be useful if its outputs such as quality of patient care will be evaluated. It is suggested that such a study be conducted in other research settings and along with investigating of factors affecting the self-esteem and performance of staff and even their self-efficacy and self-confidence to perform care, especially in urgent and stressful care.

 From the Islamic point of view, food quality standards are expressed based on the concept of Halal and Tayyib. A food is Tayyib when it is pure and pure from all material and spiritual aspects. Due to the long history of date palm trees in Iran, the purpose of this study was to develop a model for evaluating the quality and ranking of dates based on good indicators.

 For this purpose, first, the stages of cold storage and packaging of date palm were evaluated in detail. In the next section, the existing national and international laws, standards, and challenges in the field of date fruit production, processing and packaging were discussed based on AHP method. Tayyib's parameters include being Halal, attractiveness, health, originality, and efficiency which for each of them were defined components and they were given weight. In the next step, checklists were prepared for all stages of cold storage, processing and packaging, based on the studies performed, and the main features and requirements were defined.

 With the obtained information, the quality and ranking evaluation patterns were designed with specific criteria. In order to rank the units, first the evaluation points were given to each of the studied criteria using evaluation and scoring tables. Then the score of each criterion was multiplied by the coefficient of the relevant component and the total score of the criteria was obtained in each unit.

Based on the results, Thus, the rank of the units (Tayyib class 1, Tayyib class 2, Tayyib class 3 and none) were specified.

Along with general health indices, policymakers have been increasingly dealing with the Subjective well-being (SWB) of society as a criterion to evaluate their performance. The objective of this study was to investigate urban-outskirts differences in SWB levels of Mashhad dwellers while focusing on different determinants of SWB.

This descriptive-cross-sectional study was conducted in the city and outskirts of Mashhad metropolis based on the data obtained from structured interviews according to a designed questionnaire with 300 people. Participants were selected using the stratified two-stage cluster sampling method. Data analysis was performed using 14.2 STATA software using Ordered Probit econometric techniques and presented the results of descriptive data analysis and correlation study between them.

The mean (SD) score of SWB of the outskirts dwellers on a seven-point scale was significantly lower than urban dwellers: 2.9 (0.9) vs. 3.3(1.0) (P<0.1). The relative financial satisfaction of individuals is one of the most influential variables on the level of SWB, and a unit decrease of it decreases the probability of dissatisfaction of individuals by 6% in the whole sample (P<0.01). Besides, a unit increase in the index of religious beliefs has a significant effect of 2% (P<0.1) on the reduction of the probability of dissatisfaction of city dwellers, while this effect is not significant among the other group.

Living on the outskirts reduces the level of SWB. Being more satisfied with the financial status and that of the family, and having more positive emotions, being a woman and having academic education in the whole sample, having a more religious belief in city dwellers moreover being a woman, living with a partner and owning a property in outskirt dwellers are significant determinants.

Midwifery students graduated as a midwife duty of healthcare will be undertaken in the field of health should have basic clinical skills. Self-evaluation, in particular the acquisition of skills and public speaking medical requirements for clinical expertise plays a vital role. Given the importance of clinical and communication skills teaching midwifery students during the period of this study is to assess the clinical competence of students are graduating midwifery training school for midwives in accordance with the goals efficiently through self-assessment in the course of gynecology. In this descriptional study, a researcher made questionnaire including 4parts: demographic information, clinical skills, clinical judgment, professional characteristics in Likert scale was completed by 51 senior midwifery students who were studied at nursing-midwifery school in Ahvaz Jundishapur medical sciences university in self-evaluation form. Data analysis was with software spss version 19. The results showed that 65.1% of continuous students in private gynecological desirable clinical competence, 31.6%average, and 3.3% reported undesirable, the batch of uncontinuous students, reported, 69.2%, 24.1% and 6.7%, respectively. In sum, although most students (70%) were assessed as satisfactory clinical competence but there is necessity to efforts to achieve the ideal level of training for planners and authorities of clinical teaching.

E-learning is recognized as a new educational system in many countries, including Iran, and continuous evaluation is needed to improve, develop and guarantee the quality of such a system.
This study was aimed to evaluate the quality of e-learning in students of Tehran Azad School of Dentistry in 2020.

This cross-sectional descriptive study was performed on all dental students of Islamic Azad University in 2020. The data collection tool was a questionnaire based on previous studies. This questionnaire contained two sections of studentschr('39') demographic information (educational level (basic and clinical sciences), age, gender, computer skills, grade point average, etc.) and the quality assessment section of e-learning courses (containing 33 questions). The 33-item questionnaire included 6 domins: interaction (5 questions :), content (6 questions), individual learning (5 questions), information and attendance (3 questions), technology (7 questions) and evaluation (7 questions). The questions were scored on a six-point Likert scale from (1) undesirable to high (6). SPSS software version 26 and linear multiple regression model were used to analyze the data. Values less than 0.05 were considered as significant levels.

Of 272 students, 56.6% were female and 34.4% were male. 80.1% were under 25 years old. 65.1% were studying in clinical level and 34.9% were studying in basic sciences. The quality of e-learning in the domins of content, individual learning, interaction and information and attendance of the course was at a optimum level and in the domins of course evaluation and technology was relatively good. In general, the variables of basic and clinical sciences (p = 0.35), computer familiarity (p = 0.83), gender (p = 0.71), semester (p = 0.23), grade point average
(P =0.29) and age (p = 0.15) did not affect the total score.

The quality of e-learning courses for students of  Terhan Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University is evaluated at the desired level based on the average of six domains.
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One of the factors for achieving quality improvement of educational programs defined establishing student assessment system at universities. The aim of the study was to develop a framework for a student assessment system.

The present study is an educational scholarship study that conducted in three phases. In the first phase, the reviewing the literature was conducted in databases includes Scopus, Medline-PubMed, Science Direct, Web of Science, Magiran and SID. The components of the student assessment system were extracted. In the second phase, the results of literature presented in the expert panel (n =18) and the initial version of student assessment system framework was developed. In the third phase, content validity was assessed in viewpoints of experts (n=15) by content validity indexes.

The results showed the student assessment system framework developed in four domains, “goals” (one item), “structure and organization” (two items), “design and implementation of assessment system” (twelve items) and “quality assurance” (four items) was developed.

Development and implement of a student assessment system could lead to improve the quality of education through establishing of a systemic structure and organizing various tools in student assessment process