دانشجوی پزشکی

Doctor-patient relation and mutual understanding lead to positive results such as motivating patients to follow instructions carefully, increasing the quality of care and treatment and improving patient outcomes and reducing costs. On the other way an empathetic approach in the clinical environment can lead to an increase in clinical competence, professional satisfaction, increase in accuracy and feeling of success in treatment, decrease in medical errors in doctors. Therefore, this study aims to investigate the improvement of empathy skills in medical students and seeks to answer the question, do medical students experience emotional pain during their studies? This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on all first and last year students studying medicine in 1401 at Islamic Azad University of Mashhad Medical Sciences Branch. The study tool was the Persian version of the Jefferson Questionnaire, which includes 20 questions on a Likert scale and scores 100-20. After completing the questionnaires, the data was analyzed with SPSS software. 180 first and last year medical students were examined. The average score of empathy in first and last year students was 75.71 ± 8.1 and 73.73 ± 9.09 respectively, which is statistically significant (u=275.5, P-Value<0 /001). Empathy in medical students decreases at the end of the university period, so the development of empathy should be considered in clinical education by medical education planners. Also, student support systems and mental health should be considered.

Back pain is a prevalent complaint in primary care, particularly among working individuals. The global burden of disability years attributed to back pain has been steadily increasing. Addressing this issue effectively requires a thorough understanding of its prevalence and the contributing factors within various populations. Medical students due to the demands and nature of their training, are particularly susceptible to back pain. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of chronic back pain and identifying the associated factors among medical students at Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences.

This cross-sectional study was conducted on 288 medical students, including interns and residents, at Imam Khomeini hospital, Sari, Iran. Participants were selected through simple random sampling and based on predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria. A Random Number Generator tool was utilized for the random assignment of participants. Data collection instruments included a personal profile questionnaire, the Roland Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ), the Beck Anxiety Questionnaire (BAI) and the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ). Pain intensity was assessed using Visual Analogue Scale (VAS). Data analysis was performed using SPSS, version 26.

In this study, 207 participants (71.9%) reported experiencing back pain, with 138 individuals (47.9%) suffering from chronic low back pain (CLBP). Levels of anxiety, disability and pain intensity were significantly higher among individuals with CLBP compared to those without. Additionally, the findings revealed that the likelihood of developing CLBP increased significantly with advancing age, female gender, smoking and higher body mass index (BMI).

CLBP is prevalent among medical students, with significant associations to age, female gender, smoking, and higher BMI. The findings highlight the impact of CLBP on mental and physical health, particularly with respect to increased anxiety, disability, and pain intensity. These results emphasize the need for targeted interventions to address CLBP and its contributing factors in medical student populations, with a focus on prevention and management strategies to improve overall well-being and academic performance.

In the post-coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) era, messages and video calls with loved ones, family, and friends have brought individuals closer together and made social isolation more bearable. Although the utilization of these tools has numerous positive aspects, there are also negative ones. The present study was conducted to determine the prevalence of Internet addiction among medical students at Golestan University of Medical Sciences and its association with psychiatric disorders.

This descriptive-analytical study was conducted on 189 medical students (73 males and 116 females; mean age=23.35±3.03 years) at Golestan University of Medical Sciences in 2021. A convenience sampling method was used, and all students were taken into account as the statistical population. Data collection tools included Young’s Internet Addiction Test (IAT) and the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory-2 (MMPI-2) short form, which were completed by the students.

Fifty (26.45%) medical students were identified as being at risk of Internet addiction, and 3 (1.58%) students were classified as having Internet addiction. Less than 4% of the students had severe psychiatric disorders, while 9.5% to 19.6% exhibited various psychiatric disorders of moderate severity. Beyond the area of hypochondriasis symptoms, significant positive correlations were found between Internet addiction and increased psychiatric disorders in other areas, including depression (r=0.285, P<0.001), hysteria (r=0.170, P<0.019), psychopathy (r=0.338, P<0.001), paranoia (r=0.384, P<0.001), mania (r=0.336, P<0.001), psychasthenia (r=0.432, P<0.001), and schizophrenia (r=0.415, P<0.001). With increasing Internet addiction, the severity of psychiatric disorders also increased.

The prevalence of Internet addiction among medical students was shown to be at a low level, but the severity of psychiatric disorders increased with higher levels of Internet addiction.

 Medical students in radiology often do not get enough training which can lead to errors and financial costs. The current study aims to determine the effect of case-based learning (CBL) method on the improvement of imaging prescription skills of radiology interns.

This quasi-experimental study was conducted on 126 medical students at Mashhad University of Medical Sciences in 2021-2023 who were interns in the radiology departments of Imam Reza and Qaem hospitals in Mashhad, Iran. They were put in two groups of intervention (n=58) and control (n=44). The intervention group participated in two imaging prescription writing classes taught by radiology professors based on the CBL method during the radiology course. The students’ knowledge of prescription writing was examined in both groups before and after intervention. The intervention group also completed a satisfaction questionnaire. SPSS v.26 software was used to analyze the data. Student’s t-test was used to compare scores. independent t-test was used for quantitative variables, and chi-square or Fisher’s test was used to compare qualitative variables in two groups. The significance level was set at 0.05.

 The pre-test score of prescription writing knowledge was 9.40±2.36 in the control group and 9.74±2.43 in the intervention group. The post-test score was 10.39±2.32 in the control group and 11.34±2.4 in the intervention group. The groups were significantly different in the post-test score (P=0.047). The satisfaction score was higher than average, indicating the satisfaction of the intervention group with the classes. 

Teaching based on the CBL method can increase radiology interns’ imaging prescription writing knowledge.

 Research ethics effectively influences the quality of research. Since a significant portion of research is conducted by faculty members and students, it is essential that academic institutions uphold scientific and ethical research standards. This study aimed to assess the extent to which research ethics is adhered to by medical faculty members and students.

 This descriptive-analytical study was carried out during the 2022-23 academic year on 130 medical students and 98 faculty members at Abadan University of Medical Sciences. Students were selected through simple random sampling, while faculty members were included through the census method. Data were collected using demographic and research ethics questionnaires and then analyzed using SPSS 18. Statistical tests, including the independent t-test, one-way ANOVA and Pearson correlation, were applied at a significance level of Lees than P<0.05.

Ethical Considerations: 

The study was conducted and published in full compliance with ethical principles.

 The overall research ethics score and all of its dimensions, except for the justice dimension, were higher among faculty members (148) compared to students (101). There was a significant and direct correlation between the research ethics scores of faculty members and students, observed across all evaluated dimensions (P<0.001). Additionally, significant correlations were found between faculty members and students in the dimensions of professional competence (r=0.762, P<0.001), commitment to truth-seeking (r=0.767, P<0.001), benefit (r=0.786, P<0.001), respect for respondents (r=0.769, P<0.004), research activities (r=0.803, P<0.001), justice (r=0.730, P<0.001) and the overall research ethics score (r=0.804, P<0.001).

 The adherence to research ethics was higher among faculty members compared to students; however, the score among faculty members was still average. Hence, it is recommended that greater emphasis be placed on adhering to research ethics principles as a vital and essential component of research, with the aim of enhancing the quality of knowledge production and dissemination.

Depression is one of the most common mental disorders. Often the onset of this disease is during adolescence and early youth. This period, which is the period of transition from childhood to adulthood, is a stage of emotional instability caused by the demand for separation and independence. Students are in this age range. The occurrence of depression at this age causes a sharp drop in academic and social performance. Therefore, this study was conducted with the aim of determining the prevalence of depression in Iranian medical students using Beck questionnaire.

A systematic review and meta-analysis was conductted. All articles written in English and Persian on the prevalence of depression in medical students up to 22 August 20023 were searched in Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, Magiran, and Scientific Information Database (SID) databases, and Google Scholar search engine. The heterogeneity of the studies was investigated using the I2 index and the meta-regression model to evaluate the variables suspected of heterogeneity at a significance level of 0.05. Finally, 9 articles were analyzed using CMA software.

The overall prevalence of depression in Iranian medical students based on the nine published articles was 15.2% (95% CI 11.8-19.5; 95%). The highest depression in medical students was recorded in Hamedan, 24.8% (95% Cl: 19.5%-30.9%) in 2015 and the lowest prevalence of depression in medical students was obtained in Kerman province, 6.5% (95% CI: 4-10.4) in 2016. Depression was higher in female than male students. Also, a significant statistical correlation was observed between prevalence of depression in medical students and years (P<0.05).

The prevalence of depression in Iranian medical students was 15.2%. Although, the rate of prevalence was increased annually; therefore, policy makers and managers should take serious measures to reduce depression.

Understanding the relationship between medical students' attitudes towards conflict management and their dominant conflict management styles is crucial for improving their ability to effectively handle challenging situations. This study aimed to determine the relationship between medical students' attitudes towards conflict management and their conflict management styles.

This was a descriptive, analytical study involving 244 first-year general medicine students from Tehran University of Medical Sciences. The Conflict Management Attitude Questionnaire (CMAQ) and the Conflict Management Styles Questionnaire (DUTCH) were used to collect data. Pearson's correlation coefficient and independent t-tests were employed for data analysis.

The results showed that students predominantly used problem-solving (15.80 ± 2.18) and compromising (15.00 ± 2.23) styles. Pearson's correlation analysis revealed a significant positive correlation between the average score of attitudes towards conflict management and the average scores of the compromising and problem-solving styles (P = 0.014, r = 0.162; P = 0.000, r = 0.287, respectively). Additionally, a significant negative correlation was found between the average score of attitudes towards conflict management and the average score of the avoiding style (P = 0.010, r = -0.170). The t-test results indicated a significant difference in the competing style between male and female students (P = 0.038).

Identifying the strengths and weaknesses of clinical education is the first step towards improving the quality of medical education. Then the faculty development programs planners should design, implement and evaluate educational development programs for clinical faculty to improve their educational skills in the clinical education environment.

Correct clinical decision-making has a significant impact on the treatment process, achieving the expected clinical outcome and increasing patient satisfaction, and identifying the factors affecting it is essential for evidence-based medical education. This study aimed to determine the relationship between evidence-based medicine with academic self-efficacy and research self-efficacy of medical students.

This descriptive analytical study conducted from October 2022 to October 2023 on 45 medical students at Abadan University of Medical Sciences. After obtaining consent from the students and registering demographic and educational information, data collection was performed using evidence-based medicine, academic self-efficacy, and research self-efficacy questionnaires. Then data analyzed by descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient, Spearman correlation coefficient, and regression model in SPSS.

The findings of our study showed that research self-efficacy in students who had research experience (189.03) was significantly higher than students who did not have research experience (140.76).  In addition, the average score of academic and research self-efficacy and evidence-based medicine in students who had a history of membership in the student research committee was significantly higher than students who did not have a history of membership. Finally, it was found that evidence-based medicine had a direct and significant relationship with research self-efficacy (r=0.361, P<0.05) and academic self-efficacy (r=0.457, P<0.001). In examining the relationship between academic self-efficacy and research self-efficacy, it was also found that these two variables have a direct and significant relationship with each other (r=0.714, P<0.001). As well as, there was no significant relationship between academic self-efficacy, research self-efficacy, and understanding the characteristics of evidence-based practice with any of the variables of age, gender and entry year (P>0.05).

 According to the obtained results, it can be concluded that academic self-efficacy and research self-efficacy have an effect on evidence-based medicine, and all of the above can be improved by teaching  medical students to participate in student research committees and doing research work. In this way, it improves the quality of treatment in doctors.

 The process of thesis completion inherently involves its own set of challenges and complexities, and understanding students’ perspectives can enhance this process. This study aims to investigate the attitudes of general medical students toward the thesis writing process.

 This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted on general medical students at Tehran University of Medical Sciences in the year 2021. A total of 117 students, randomly selected from those actively engaged in thesis work or recently defended their theses, participated in the study. The research tool was a questionnaire consisting of 54 questions, including four demographic questions and 50 questions related to the thesis completion process. Data analysis was performed using descriptive and analytical statistics in the SPSS software.

 The most important criterion for choosing the subject of the dissertation was related to the possibility of collecting information from patients’ files (7.15 out of 10). The most favorable answer in the field of choosing a supervisor was quick and convenient access to the supervisor (93 percent). The most favorable answers regarding the process of completing the thesis and its challenges were related to the fact that I was free to choose a supervisor (93 percent) and the involvement of final year medical students in the bedside and intensive care (91 percent).

 University managers with the identified challenges related to the thesis process can take effective measures to solve these challenges and increase the quality of theses.

Noise exposure may cause a kind of sensorineural hearing loss. Noise-induced hearing loss is known as an occupational disease, but the effect of exposure to recreational noise is not completely understood. This study aimed to assess the impact of exposure to recreational noise on hearing status.

This was a cross-sectional study of 304 medical students. The participants were randomly selected from medical students in years 4 to 6 and were divided into two groups regarding their exposure to recreational noise. Conventional audiometry was done for all participants, and hearing thresholds at different frequencies were compared between two groups. Data were analyzed using SPSS (ver. 20) using Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Mann-Whitney U, and chi-square tests.

The mean age of the participants was 23.18±3.14 years. In total, 74.7% of participants were exposed to recreational noise. The mean duration of noise exposure was 4.67±2.91 years. The most frequent exposure was to music via a headphone or hands-free (27.3%). All hearing thresholds in both groups were within the normal range and there was no significant difference between the two groups regarding hearing thresholds.

The results of the present study showed that any exposure type of recreational noise (music, eulogy, or lecture) in the young population did not affect hearing thresholds.

A part of the important missions of the higher medical education system is formed in the official curricula and an important part of it is formed through the hidden curriculum. Therefore, in order to fulfill its missions, the higher medical education system cannot ignore the part of the hidden medical curriculum. This study was conducted with the aim of predicting medical ethics through hidden medical curriculum components among students of medical sciences universities in Tabriz.

 In this cross-sectional study, the statistical population included all students of medical sciences universities in Tabriz. The statistical sample of this study was made up of 400 students from the fourth year and above of medical schools of the national and Azad universities of Tabriz based on Morgan's table. Due to the equality of the statistical population from each of the universities of medical sciences (only the faculty of medicine), 200 samples were selected by multi-stage (quota) sampling method. The tool of data collection was the hidden medical curriculum and medical ethics questionnaire. Pearson's correlation test and multiple regression were used to analyze the data.

The correlation between the medical ethics variable and the hidden medical curriculum components shows that the relationship between medical ethics and the curriculum (0.104), clinical/specialist education (0.144), educational content (0.133), physical space Social (0.195), incentive and punishment system (0.146), organizational structure (0.126), respect for rights (0.100), ethical behavior (0.104) and sense of responsibility (0.122) are positive and statistically significant. The relationship between medical ethics and personal/environmental background (-0.189) and perspective and career/financial pattern (-0.321) is negative and statistically significant. No significant relationship was found between medical ethics and evaluation and attitude and participation.

The components of the hidden medical curriculum have a positive relationship with the medical ethics of students, and some of the components of the hidden curriculum in line with the development of medical ethics should be given serious attention in medical sciences universities of Tabriz.

Self-regulation motivation in medical students in clinical education is a key factor in their academic success. This study aims to compare the status of self-regulation motivation strategies in medical students before and after the beginning of clinical education at Kerman University of Medical Sciences in 2022.

This semi-experimental single-group study used the Meta-Motivational Strategies in Medical Students Questionnaire for 80 medical students who were clerkships.

The mean of self-regulation motivation strategies in medical students before entering the clinical education phase was 113.43, and at the end of the first semester of clinical education was 116.20. The results showed an increase in the status of self-regulation motivation strategies by medical students in the clinical education phase. The most self-regulation motivation strategy used by students before and after the start of clinical education was "Regulation of value".

Medical students use different strategies to regulate their motivation during clinical education. To maintain and increase the motivation of medical students, it is crucial to identify and strengthen self-regulation motivation strategies.

Professionalism is a crucial aspect of the medical profession, encompassing the commitment to perform professional responsibilities and a correct understanding of the ethical and legal aspects of the profession. The attitude towards professionalism is the basis of the formation of behaviors in the field of medicine. The purpose of this study is to determine the attitude of medical students toward professionalism during the COVID-19 crisis.

This study is a descriptive and analytical study conducted on 100 medical interns of Jundishapur University of Ahvaz during the Corona crisis. The data collection tool was the Penn State questionnaire on professionalism. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistical methods, Binomial non-parametric multiple regression, and Chi-square test. A significance level of less than 0.05 is considered.

The results showed that 70% of the students had a positive and high attitude towards professionalism. The most crucial aspect of professionalism is the dimension of respect, which has the highest frequency at 89%. Multiple regression analysis by step-by-step method showed that gender and marriage variables are not significant and only age is significant. So professionalism decreases by .03 units with an increase in age.

The high level of professionalism in medical interns is a positive finding of this study. However, the direct relationship between age and professionalism is a concerning issue. Therefore, it is recommended that studies should be conducted to reduce the factors affecting professionalism during education.

The book is known as one of the key effective factors in education, after the teacher. Medical terminology is also an important field in medical sciences that examines vocabulary and terms related to medicine. Therefore, this study investigated the level of satisfaction of Babol University of Medical Sciences students with the content of the educational aid of the book "Medical Terminology for Medical Professions".

This book was randomly presented to 260 students. Two levels of Kirkpatrick's pyramid were used to evaluate the impact of the book. In the first level, the general reaction (satisfaction) towards the book was measured by using the questionnaire of Qolipour Moghadam et al. In the second level, the student's learning rate was measured through medical terminology tests.

In this study, 260 medical students enrolled in 1399-1401 with an average age of 19.58 ± 1.75 years participated, and 50.4% (131 people) were female. In the evaluation of teaching satisfaction, question 1 (being attractive and enjoyable) had the lowest mean (4.33±0.72) and question 3 (improving skills for future work) had the highest mean (4.88 ± 0.4). In examining the answer options with a 5-point Likert scale, question 3 and question 4 had about 62.7% "very high satisfaction", while question 2 (motivation to study) had the lowest "very high" percentage (55.8%). The total average of the questionnaire was 22.08 ± 3.7 out of 25 points. Examining the students' learning with the terminology course end-semester grades showed a score of 19.04±4.68.

The results of the present study showed that using the medical terminology book can improve the level of satisfaction (reaction) and learning of medical students.

Lack of familiarity with netiquette or virtual professionalism will be considered a problem for each of the two key elements of the educational system(teacher and student)will lead to misunderstandings and sometimes behaviors that are far from their dignity.The aim of this study is to design the netiquette model in the virtual education of medical students.

At first by reviewing the literature on the subject and library studies,the dimensions and components related to the subject were extracted and then to design the conceptual model of the research using the Delphi research method and an expert panel,the most important dimensions and components of Netiquette were determined.The statistical community included 15experts who were selected in relation to the research topic.

the Netiquette model was finalized with 10dimensions and 31components.The dimensions in the Netiquette variable include setup,evaluation and Netiquette rules and in the e-learning variable it includes technology,education,management,user interface design,ethical,organizational and evaluation.The criteria for accepting each component was its placement in the 3rd to 4th quartile.In this regard according to the agreement,there is no need to continue the Delphi process.

In the virtual education of the University of Medical Sciences, one of the ways to prevent the occurrence of many disorders in communication between professors and students is to familiarize them with the Netiquette process. Lack of familiarity with netiquette in cyberspace will overshadow activities such as educational design and content editing

Screening examinations are usually used to identify people at risk of disease, in order to allow the use of early interventions in order to prevent or treat diseases. In this study, we have compared the awareness and performance of medical intern students and nurses regarding screening examinations, 2022.

The current research is a descriptive-comparative research. A total of 45 nurses and 45 medical interns were studied using available sampling and based on the inclusion criteria. The research questionnaire consisted of three parts: demographic information, questions to check awareness and questions to check performance. Data were analyzed with SPSS software version 25 and using statistical tests of frequency, percentage, T-test and Pearson's correlation coefficient.

The level of knowledge of nurses and medical interns was average (10.22±2.61 and 11.36±3.30, respectively) and in terms of performance, 82.2% of nurses and 46.7% of medical interns performed well. There was no statistically significant difference between the level of knowledge of nurses and medical interns (P=0.06), but in the field of performance, nurses performed better than medical interns (P=0.001).

The findings of the present study showed that there are deficiencies in the knowledge and performance of medical interns and nurses in the field of screening examinations, therefore, there should be urgent plans in the field of training for screening examinations and their timely performance, especially in the treatment staff. And it must be done.

Medicine is one of the stressful fields that can threaten the mental health of students of this field. This study was conducted with the aim of evaluating the state of mental health, academic burnout and distress tolerance of medical students of Kashan University of Medical Sciences during their internship.

This cross-sectional study was conducted at Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran. The statistical population included medical students (n=390) in the internship stage in the academic year of 2021-2022 who were enrolled by the census method. A total of 250 students completed the informed consent form and answered the questionnaires of general health (GHQ-28), distress tolerance (DTS) of Simon and Gaher, and Maslach academic burnout.

The mean of mental health was 25.47±8.02, distress tolerance was 45.62±11.8, and academic burnout was 39.42±16.03, which according to the cut-off points for each of the questionnaires, it can be said that 39.2% had no psychological symptoms, 52.8% had mild symptoms and 8% had moderate symptoms. Also, 47.2% of students reported low distress tolerance. Regarding academic burnout, 74.4% of students reported very high emotional exhaustion.

On average, the students had mild psychological symptoms, but despite relatively good distress tolerance, they suffered from high emotional exhaustion. Considering the role of emotional exhaustion in the occurrence of psychological problems in the future, it is important to find the factors affecting it and provide psychological services to reduce it and prevent the psychological problems.

The sudden epidemic of Corona led to the suspension of face-to-face medical education. The educational system tried to compensate for the shortcomings by using distance and electronic education. This study aimed to describe the opportunities of virtual education in the pandemic from the point of view of general medical students.

The current research is a qualitative study with a conventional content analysis approach. The participants consisted of 14 students who had the experience of virtual education during the Corona era. Purposive sampling method was used to select the interviewees. Data were collected through individual semi-structured interviews and with the help of MaxQDA software. Lincoln and Goba criteria were used to ensure the accuracy of the data.

Based on data analysis, three main categories include "infrastructural opportunities", "educational opportunities" and "individual opportunities" along with 9 subcategories "breaking the traditional classroom; link with technology". "The development of virtual education systems", "New experience of education management", "Emergence of new style of tests", "Education free from time and place; academic flexibility", "Educational self-management representation", "Time saving; optimal time management”, "more mental-psychological satisfaction; more satisfaction with life" and "fuller pocket, less financial worries" were obtained as the main opportunities of virtual education.

Virtual education had an effect on the quality of education and life of students. Therefore, the expression of opportunities can be effective and helpful for future policies and lead to the creation of new ideas of distance education in the future. In this regard, especially academic flexibility and education free from time and place facilitates and accelerates the exploitation of national and international opportunities.

Quality of life and happiness of medical students is important for the provision of medical services and scientific development; But the conditions of the students are stressful. One of the important responsibilities of the university, in addition to academic development, is to pay attention to the quality of life of students. Therefore, this research was conducted with the aim of determining the effectiveness of teaching spiritual intelligence on the happiness and quality of life of medical students of Tehran University of Medical Sciences.

This is an experimental study with two intervention and control groups, which were randomly assigned to the groups after obtaining the consent. Then they answered the pre-test - happiness and quality of life questionnaires. The intervention group was trained in the components of spiritual intelligence during eight sessions. Then the post-test was performed for both groups; the results were analyzed using SPSS software and descriptive and inferential statistics - MANCOVA.

After verifying the assumptions of the MANCOVA test, the research hypothesis was tested. The comparison of the groups in the pre-test and post-test in different dimensions of quality of life and happiness showed that after the intervention, the adjusted mean after removing the covariate variable is a significant difference.

The findings of the current study indicated the effect of spiritual intelligence training on the quality of life and happiness of students. Spiritual intelligence as a new psychological and religious construct can provide a background for improving the quality of care and treatment provided students. It is recommended to include such teachings and consultations in cultural programs.

Considering the critical role of the country’s legal medicine organization in realizing justice on the one hand as well as the difficulty of working in this organization on the other hand, identifying the influencing factors on the decision of physicians and medical students to enter to legal medicine centers in less developed regions is essential for managers. Therefore, this study was carried out to identify these components, the interaction effects between them, and the demographic variables of the target population.

The present study was conducted on 222 physicians and medical students in 2023 with the discrete choice experiment method. The data was collected through a questionnaire that was designed using the D-Optimal method by SAS software. A conditional logit regression model with STATA 17 software was used to analyze the data.

The existence of institutional housing, close proximity to the workplace, gaining scores for holding managerial positions in the future, lower workload, and increasing the amount of net monthly income, respectively, increase the desire to enter to legal medicine centers in less developed regions. On the other hand, there is a mutual relationship between the three components of net monthly income, the distance between the workplace compared to the birthplace, workload, and demographic variables.

Despite the importance of financial incentives, other non-financial incentives can also be very effective in the decision of physicians and medical students; therefore, it is suggested that the managers of the organization take serious action based on evidence-based management to reduce the existing obstacles and problems while reviewing the effective incentive policies.