جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "رفسنجان" در نشریات گروه "پزشکی"

The profession of dentistry is one of the most vulnerable professions. The purpose of this research was to determine the ergonomic status of Rafsanjan dental students using the RULA (Rapid Upper Limb Assessment) method in 2022.

In this descriptive-cross-sectional study, the students were selected in one academic semester using convenience sampling method (50 people). RULA and Nowerdik’s Questionnaire were used to examine the ergonomic and skeletal-muscular condition, respectively. Data analysis was done by non-parametric Chi square and Spearman tests.

In the study of ergonomic status with the RULA tool, a high percentage of dental students prioritized corrective action three (34%) and four (56%). There was no significant relationship between the ergonomics course score and the final grade of RULA and (p>0.05).

 Most of the dental students in Rafsanjan need more training and posture changes. Also, the symptoms of skeletal-muscular disorders and pain in Rafsanjan dental students have a high percentage.

Smokeless tobacco products pose a complex and widespread public health challenge. Among various types of smokeless tobacco products, Nass (Naswar) is considered the most important type of this product in Iran. In this study, we investigated the level of toxic metal of cadmium in samples of Nass used in Rafsanjan City.

In this cross-sectional study, a total of 26 samples of Nass were randomly collected from the urban area of Rafsanjan in the summer 2022. After the initial preparation, atomic absorption spectroscopy was used for the analysis of cadmium levels in the samples.  Independent t-test was applied to evaluate the difference in the mean level of metals in the samples.

The results of the present study indicate the presence of cadmium in all samples under investigation. The average level of cadmium in all samples under study was 2.98±0.58 µg/g and the range of variation of cadmium levels was between 1.25 and 3.70 µg/g. Although the difference in cadmium levels in light brown samples compared to green samples was not significant, its level in bulk samples (3.3±0.30 µg/g) was significantly higher than packaged samples (2.8±0.58 µg/g) (p=0.01).

The present study is the first study on the level of cadmium contamination in Nass samples available in the Iranian market. The results of the current study indicate a potential risk of exposure to cadmium through the consumption of Nass among Iranian consumers. Therefore, increasing public awareness is recommended to reduce the use of Nass.

Discharge against medical advice (DAMA) can negatively impact treatment outcomes and healthcare costs. The aim of this study was to evaluate the causes of DAMA from the emergency department at Ali Ibn Abi Talib Hospital in Rafsanjan.
In this descriptive-analytical study, all 400 patients who were discharged against medical advice from the emergency department of Ali Ibn Abi Talib Hospital in the first half of 2019 were included using convenient sampling. A questionnaire developed by the Ministry of Health was used to collect data.
Our findings indicated that out of a total of 25,931 patients discharged, the prevalence of DAMA from the emergency department was 11.5%, with a 95% confidence interval of 11.1% to 11.9%. In our sample, 57.8% (231 individuals) were male, and 42.5% (170 individuals) were in the age range of 20 to 39 years. Our results revealed that the reasons for DAMA in 300 cases (75%) were related to the patients themselves, such as feeling recovered or a desire for treatment at private centers. There was a significant difference between patients' economic status, discharge insurance, age, and the frequency of DAMA.
Based on the results of this study, the majority of DAMA cases were due to personal reasons. Increasing patient awareness of the potential consequences of DAMA and improving the quality of medical services may help decrease the incidence of such discharges.

Virtual education has flourished during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study was carried out in order to determine the satisfaction of lecturers from virtual education during the COVID-19 epidemic in Paramedical, Nursing, Midwifery, Health, and Dentistry Faculties of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences in 2020-2021.

In this descriptive study, the research population consisted of 100 teachers who taught in the mentioned faculties in 2020-2021. The data collection tool was a researcher-made questionnaire that was compiled by at least 10 experts in the field of education and investigated using content validity ratio (CVR) and content validity index (CVI). Data were analyzed using independent t-test, one-way analysis of variance, and Tukey's post hoc test.

41 people (41%) of the teachers stated that they continue virtual education after the COVID-19 epidemic and 89 people (89%) considered the speed of the internet as the most important problem of virtual education. The average satisfaction score in the age group of 30-40 years and in the teaching experience of less than 5 years and the scientific rank of professor was significantly higher than the average score of other groups (p<0.05).

The findings of the study showed that the overall satisfaction of teachers with virtual education is at an average level. From the teachers' point of view, some aspects of virtual education including the level of interaction with the student, providing and receiving feedback, and formative and cumulative evaluation of the student need to be improved. Therefore, upgrading the infrastructure and empowering teachers to improve the quality of virtual education seems necessary.

Hypogonadism is a common complication in men with type 2 diabetes. The present study aimed to determine the frequency of hypogonadism and some related factors in men with type 2 diabetes referred to the Endocrinology Clinic of Ali Ibn Abi Talib Hospital of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences in 2021.

In this descriptive study, 111 men with type 2 diabetes were examined. After completing the questionnaire and measuring blood pressure and waist circumference, 10 cc of fasting blood was taken to measure serum levels of total testosterone (TT), follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), and glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c). Data was analyzed using chi-square test, independent t-test, Pearson’s correlation test, and logistic regression.

The mean and standard deviation of age of patients was 58.61±10.62 years. Twenty six patients (23.42%) had hypogonadism. With increasing body mass index, the TT levels (p=0.034), LH (p=0.008) and FSH (p=0.028) significantly decreased. With increasing HbA1c, the levels of TT (p=0.035), LH (p=0.004) and FSH (p=0.001), with increasing systolic blood pressure, the level of LH (p=0.025), and with increasing age, the levels of LH and FSH (p<0.001) significantly increased; however, with increasing waist circumference, the levels of TT (p=0.006), LH and FSH (p<0.001) significantly reduced. Mean TT (p=0.011), LH (p=0.017), and FSH (p=0.014) levels were significantly higher in those taking the drug.

With an increase in waist circumference, disease duration, and follicle stimulating hormone, the odds of hypogonadism increased. It is recommended to the health officials to take the necessary preventive measures including increasing the awareness of the male community.

Health-promoting behaviors and healthy lifestyle are the main strategies to facilitate and maintain health. The purpose of this research was to determine health-promoting behaviors in students of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences.

In this descriptive study, 450 students of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences were studied by stratified random sampling method in 2022. The data collection tool was a questionnaire including demographic information and a valid health-promoting behavior questionnaire. The questionnaires were completed as a self-report by students. Data were analyzed using independent two-sample t-test and one-way analysis of variance.

The mean and standard deviation of the age of the students was 20.86±3.19 years. The scores of the self-improvement section (23.33±5.20) were the highest scores and the scores of the stress management section (18.54±3.68) were the lowest scores. There was a significant statistical association between the total score of students' health-promoting behaviors and the scores of the variables of marital status and educational level (p<0.05). Also, a statistically significant association was observed between the physical activity dimension score and the gender variable and the responsibility and nutrition dimensions score and the marital status variable (p<0.05).

Since the total score of the health-promoting behaviors of the studied students was in the middle class, with proper planning, the university can help students create a positive health concept and strengthen their awareness and performance about balanced nutrition, regular exercise, stress management, and attention to their health or self-care.

During the coronavirus pandemic, e-learning is considered an essential element in educational systems. Keeping the student's effective interaction with the pharmacology course is always a serious challenge in the virtual education of this lesson. Therefore, the current study aimed to design, implement, and evaluate the virtual teaching methods of pharmacology course among medical students.

In this descriptive, cross-sectional study, 133 medical students of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, who were studying pharmacology during the coronavirus pandemic in the academic year 2019-2020, were included. Then, the simplified educational content of the pharmacology course was prepared in the form of pictures along with explanatory clouds and summary tables and uploaded to the learning management system (NAVID). Supplementary written content, which complemented the educational clips of each class session, was provided to the students in order to summarize the topic and learn better. After finishing the class, an online questionnaire was completed by the students, and the data were analyzed by one-way analysis of variance and independent t-test.

There were 66 (49.6%) students of 2017 entrance and 67 students (50.4%) of 2018 entrance. The satisfaction level of the students after the evaluation through the questionnaire regarding the supplementary educational method was significantly higher than the simplified method (p<0.001). There was observed no significant difference in the level of satisfaction from both methods based on grade point average and age (p<0.05).

The design and implementation of simplified educational methods in the course of pharmacology was accompanied with satisfaction of students in online education in the time of coronavirus pandemic.

The early years of life are the most critical stage in the growth and development of children. While the optimal development of children depends on a complex set of factors, the pattern of breastfeeding and complementary feeding of infants is of undeniable importance. Therefore, the present study conducted to investigate the factors related to the feeding patterns of one-year-old children referred to healthcare centers in Rafsanjan city. 

his descriptive study was performed on 600 mothers with one-year-old children under the auspices of healthcare centers in Rafsanjan city in 2017. Volunteered mothers with active health records were selected randomly. The required information was collected through a questionnaire containing demographic characteristics and questions related to the feeding of children and was analyzed by SPSS software, version 18.

The Ethics Committee of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences (RUMS) approved the present study (Code: IR.RUMS.REC.1396.179).

About 95% of mothers participating in this study started breastfeeding their children up to one hour after delivery, but 56.7% of them completed breastfeeding by one year of age. The results show that most mothers had started supplemental feeding with two or three spoons in each meal, and about 90% of them followed the health worker's advice. Also, the most important reasons for feeding children with powdered milk are disorders in the child's development (34%), inadequate breast milk (17%), maternal disease (14%), do not take the mother's breast (11%) and children being twins (8%).

Despite face-to-face training for mothers in health care centers for feeding their children, still there are some difficulties in commencing complementary feeding and its continuation. Therefore, need for more health and nutrition education regarding the best ways for feeding children to mothers by personnel of Rafsanjan health care centers.

The early years of life are the most critical stage in the growth and development of children. While the optimal development of children depends on a complex set of factors, the pattern of breastfeeding and complementary feeding of infants is of undeniable importance. Therefore, the present study conducted to investigate the factors related to the feeding patterns of one-year-old children referred to healthcare centers in Rafsanjan city. 

his descriptive study was performed on 600 mothers with one-year-old children under the auspices of healthcare centers in Rafsanjan city in 2017. Volunteered mothers with active health records were selected randomly. The required information was collected through a questionnaire containing demographic characteristics and questions related to the feeding of children and was analyzed by SPSS software, version 18.

The Ethics Committee of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences (RUMS) approved the present study (Code: IR.RUMS.REC.1396.179).

About 95% of mothers participating in this study started breastfeeding their children up to one hour after delivery, but 56.7% of them completed breastfeeding by one year of age. The results show that most mothers had started supplemental feeding with two or three spoons in each meal, and about 90% of them followed the health worker's advice. Also, the most important reasons for feeding children with powdered milk are disorders in the child's development (34%), inadequate breast milk (17%), maternal disease (14%), do not take the mother's breast (11%) and children being twins (8%).

Despite face-to-face training for mothers in health care centers for feeding their children, still there are some difficulties in commencing complementary feeding and its continuation. Therefore, need for more health and nutrition education regarding the best ways for feeding children to mothers by personnel of Rafsanjan health care centers.

Teachers have a key role in reducing the complications of emergency events. This study aimed to determine the knowledge, attitude, and behavior of primary school teachers in Rafsanjan regarding emergency events of diabetes and accidents in schools.

This descriptive research was conducted on 100 primary school teachers in Rafsanjan City by census method. Data were collected in three sections of demographic information, knowledge, and attitude and behavior assessment. Data were analyzed using Pearson’s correlation test, independent two-sample t-test, and one-way ANOVA.

There was a significant relationship and a direct correlation between the score of attitude towards diabetes and age (r=0.240, p=0.016) and the level of education (p=0.013), and between the score of teachers’ attitude towards accidents and age (r=0.217, p=0.030) and their behavior and age (r=0.242, p=0.015).

Despite the desirability of teachers’ knowledge, attitudes, and behavior score, it is recommended that the retraining program be implemented with the aim of improving the knowledge, attitude, and practice of younger teachers.

Cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) is an immediate action to delay or prevent death with cardiopulmonary arrest. Since nurses are usually the first to face this situation, the current study examines the nurses’ awareness of the latest CPR protocol at the Ali Ibn Abitalib Hospital in Rafsanjan.

In this descriptive study conducted in the Ali Ibn Abitalib Hospital in Rafsanjan in 2019, 279 nurses were chosen by census method, and their level of awareness was assessed using a questionnaire based on the latest CPR instructions and the American Heart Association guidelines. Data analysis was accomplished by independent t-test, one-way analysis of variance, and Chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests.

The average age of the participants in this study was about 34.59±7.01, out of which 182 (65.23%) were women. The average awareness score was estimated to be 71.84±5.57 (the highest score was 84.06 and the lowest score 52.17). Nine participants (3.22%), 255 participants (91.4%), and 15 participants (5.38%) had a weak, good, and excellent awareness, respectively. Meanwhile, the correlation between nurse’s awareness and CPR courses was not significant (p=0.544). 

Most of the nurses had a good level of awareness of CPR, and practical training, exercises, and course evaluations in the field of CPR are recommended to increase the level of awareness of CPR.

The need for using English language has made it an opportunity to be taught in a professional and academic environment. English for Specific Purposes (ESP) includes teaching English for the people who need it for the objectives such as education in an academic environment or their profession. The aim of this study was to evaluate the curriculum of Medical English from the point of view of medical students of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences.

In this descriptive study, 301 medical students of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, in different educational levels in 2021, completed a 19-item questionnaire including four dimentions: specific purposes, content of the books, usage of modern technologies for specialized language, and method of assessment. The data was then analyzed using independent t-test, one-way analysis of variance, and Pearson’s correlation test.

175 students (58.0%) were male and 127 (42.0%) were female. The mean age of students was 23.68±1.99 years. A reverse association was found between age and all aspects of the curriculum except the content. In terms of dimensions of special objectives, participants of different educational levels (physiopathology, internship, stagership) had significant differences in technology (p<0.001), assessment (p=0.001), and total score (p<0.001).

Students were satisfied with the number and credits of the ESPs courses, morning times of the courses, the appropriateness of classroom activities and homework, and multiple choice tests. However, they were dissatisfied with final test mark as the only assessment tool and lack of case based study in the books. Therefore, it seems that continuous evaluation and need assessment of the students are of paramount importance for having more beneficial courses.

The quality of sleep and physical activity is specially important in the quality of life of the elderly. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between sleep quality and quality of life of the elderly with cardiovascular disease referred to Ali Ebn Abi Taleb Hospital in Rafsanjan City in 2021.

In this descriptive study, the participants of the study included all the cardiovascular elderly patients referred to Ali Ebn Abi Taleb Hospital in Rafsanjan City in the first 6 months of 2021. A total of 292 people were selected as the sample using purposive sampling method. Data collection tools included three standard questionnaires, including Baecke physical activity, Petersburg sleep quality and Ware and Sherbourne quality of life (SF-36). Independent t-test, one-way analysis of variance and chi-square test were used to analyze the data. The SPSS software version 16 used was for analyzing the data.

The results showed that with increasing physical activity, the quality of life also increases and with increasing the quality of sleep, the quality of life increased. There was also a significant correlation between psychological quality of life with physical activity (P<0.001 and r = 0.777) and sleep quality (P<0.001 and r = -0.804).

According to the research findings, it is recommended to create a wide and healthy physical activity and healthy leisure time for the elderly and to develop counseling programs for the elderly. Therefore, the quality of life and sleep quality skills training should be provided.

Water scarcity is a daunting challenge in most areas of the world, with at least one in six people in the world does not have access to safe drinking water. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between religious attitudes and water saving in students of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences in 2021.

This descriptive study was conducted on 299 students who were selected by the convenience sampling method. Data collection tools were the water conservation tendency and the religious attitude standard questionnaires (Marzban et al., 2019). Data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 24) using an independent t-test, analysis of variance, and Pearson correlation coefficient statistics tests.

The mean scores of religious attitude and tendency towards water saving were 4.19±0.5 and 4.25±0.36, respectively. Moreover, 92.3% and 100% of students were in favarouble conditions in terms of religious attitude and water saving, respectively. The tendency to save water consumption had a significant relationship with the university of students (P <0.05). The correlation between religious attitude and the tendency towards water saving was statistically significant (R= 0.483; P ≤0.001).

According to the positive relationship between religious attitude and tendency towards water saving consumption, as well as the religious context of our society, we can use this potential in the field of environmental protection and water saving.

With the development of cities and increasing health-care needs, the production of medical waste has increased. Therfore, this study was conducted to determine the quantity, quality, and status of hospital waste management in hospitals affiliated to Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences in 2020.

In this descriptive study, hospitals affiliated to Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences (Ali-Ibn Abitalib, Moradi, and Niknafs) were examined. Data were collected by the researcher using a standard checklist of the Environmental and Occupational Health Center. Finally, the obtained data were described and analyzed using Excel software.

The mean health-care waste generation rate in Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences hospitals was 2.12 kg/patinet.day. From the total waste generated in University hospitals (1170 kg/day), 54.27% (635 kg/d) were general waste, 40.17% (470 kg/d) infection and sharp waste, and 5.56% (65 kg/d) chemical waste. Also, the average percentage of the score obtained from the maximum score in the field of proper waste management in different stages of separation, collection, storage, and decontamination and disposal in the studied hospitals were 66.36, 72.72, 62.03 and 57.57, respectively.

Therefore, according to the intermediate status of hospital waste management in Rafsanjan, it is recommended to implement a safe and sustainable program in the field of hospital waste management from the point of production to disposal in an operational manner and monitor it continuously.

All human progress and ascent is somehow related to his learning. One of the factors affecting learning is learning style. By knowing the learning styles of students, it is possible to provide teaching appropriate to their individual style. The aim of this study was to determine the learning styles of medical students of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences in 2019.

The present study was a descriptive study conducted with 172 medical students of Rafsanjan Medical School in the academic year 2019. Sampling was done by census and data was collected using VARK (Visual, Auditory, Reading / Writing, and Kinesthetic) learning styles questionnaire. Data was analyzed using independent t-test, chi-square and one-way analysis of variance.

The mean age of students was 19.80±1.38 years. Out of 172 students, the frequency of single learning style was 145 (84.3%) and multiple learning 27 (15.7%). Among the individual one-on-one learning styles, listening style was the predominant style among students, which was chosen by 48 (27.9%) of students. There was a significant relationship between students' ages and different learning styles (p=0.002) so that the predominant learning style was auditory at younger ages and visual at older ages.

The predominant learning style of the students was one-on-one auditory learning style. Identifying the dominant learning styles of students and adapting it to teachers' teaching methods, and developing lesson plans based on learning styles can improve educational goals.

Clinical education in therapeutic settings is presented in different forms, one of which is journal club meetings. The aim of this study was to investigate the satisfaction of medical students in the clinical department of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences from the educational activity of the Club Journal.

This descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted in Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences in 2021. 157 medical students of three internships participated in the study by census. Data were collected using a researcher made questionnaire and were analyzed using independent t-test and one-way analysis of variance.

The mean score of students' satisfaction with the Journal Club sessions was relatively good in both male and female groups, as well as by type of ward and grade, but none of them had a significant relationship with satisfaction (p>0.05). Satisfaction with regular meetings was significantly higher than irregular meetings (p<0.001), and satisfaction in absentee meetings was more than face-to-face meetings (p=0.027). The results also showed that there was a relative satisfaction with the way the sessions are held, but there was no satisfaction with the level of participation of students, especially trainees.

Students of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences were relatively satisfied with the meetings of the Journal Club. The highest level of satisfaction was related to the place, time, number of participants, order of meetings, level of articles, and the highest level of satisfaction was related to the level of students' participation in the topics, especially during the internship. It is suggested that special sessions be held for interns and trainees and the scientific level of the content be selected in accordance with each level with the participation of students.

The effectiveness of the integration strategy in medical courses and academic performance is one of the most important issues. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the perspective of medical students to the program of integrating specific pathology and pharmacology courses and their academic performance in Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences.

This descriptive study was performed in 2021. According to the census, all medical students of Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences in 2017 (69 people) were studied in the physiopathology course. The data gathering tool was a five-point Likert scale. To measure performance, the GPA of physiopathology, and pathology, and pharmacology were examined. The analysis was performed using descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation), independent t-test, and Pearson’s and Spearman’s correlation coefficient, and multiple linear regression.

The highest score was related to satisfaction (3.72±0.65). Teaching specific pathology (3.75±1.11) and pharmacology (3.91±1.09) by integration method had the highest scores. Repetition (2.20±0.99), contrast of courses (2.88±0.99), and overall evaluation (3.49±0.78) had the average scores in the integration method. Predictor variables in predicting physiopathology GPA were specific pathology GPA (B=0.825) and pharmacology (B=0.152), respectively, and Pathology and Pharmacology GPA predicted 79.7% GPA of physiopathology course (p<0.001).

According to the average score of the students' views and their satisfaction with the presentation of specific pathology and pharmacology courses in the integration program and optimal performance, it is better to improve education and prevent inconsistency of the courses offered, efforts be made by course planners for better execution.

The presence of impacted teeth is a common phenomenon and is considerably prevalent in different societies. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and position of impacted third molars in Rafsanjan, Iran in 2019-2020.

In this cross-sectional retrospective study, 1200 panoramic radiographs were examined. The tooth position and angle of impaction was recorded and determined by two specialists. Independent t-test and chi-square test were used for statistical analysis.

C vertical position with 1382 teeth (63.33%) and horizontal class II position in the mandible with 767 teeth (59.54%) were the most common. A statistically significant relationship was observed between the position of the mandibular third molars and the presence of lesion (p=0.001).

This study showed a relatively high frequency of impacted teeth in patients in Rafsanjan city. Therefore, given the occurrence of common complications such as caries and periodontal diseases caused by impacted teeth, accurate screening, timely diagnosis, and proper treatment are recommended.

Counseling and guidance refer to a set of activities that help a person overcome problems and understand their relationships with others. Universities and student environments face challenges, and comprehensive students support is essential. The purpose of this study was to investigate the needs of counseling and guidance of medical students in Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences in 2021.

This is a descriptive cross-sectional study. A total of 372 students participated in the study. The data collection tool was a questionnaire of counseling needs of the students which was electronically distributed. Data were analyzed using independent t-test and one-way analysis of variance.

Individual and occupational needs were the highest counseling needs, and emotional and family needs were the lowest counseling needs of the studied students. In terms of personal needs (p<0.001), job (p<0.001) and educational (p<0.001), and emotional/psychological (p<0.001), women felt more need for counseling than men. Also, according to the questions, in the field of family and marriage needs and emotional/psychological, women in most questions felt more need than men (p<0.05). The mean score of guidance and counseling needs, according to the parents’ job and the students marital status, was significant only in the field of education (p<0.05).

According to the present study, individual and occupational needs have the highest priority, and it is necessary for universities and educational centers to prevent academic failure and provide opportunities for students growth and academic achievement, and these factors should be considered in designing student counseling programs at the universities.