سرمایه روان شناختی

Stress is considered a major risk factor for mental health, and high levels of perceived stress can lead to a wide range of psychological disorders. This study aimed to determine the moderating role of self-control in the relationship between psychological capital, adherence to religious beliefs, with perceived stress.

This descriptive-correlational study was conducted among undergraduate, master's, and doctoral students during the academic year 2021–2022, with a population of 4,100 students. A total of 300 students were selected through a multi-stage cluster sampling method. Participants completed the Psychological Capital Questionnaire (PCQ), the Adherence to Religious Beliefs Scale (Golzari), the Tangji Self-Control Scale, and the Cohen Perceived Stress Scale. Data were analyzed using Pearson correlation and path analysis in SPSS-24 and AMOS-24 software.

There were significant negative relationships between psychological capital and perceived stress, adherence to religious beliefs and perceived stress, and self-control and perceived stress (P<0.01). Additionally, the path coefficients between psychological capital and self-control, and between adherence to religious beliefs and self-control were positive and significant (P<0.01). Self-control also played a mediating role in the relationship between psychological capital and perceived stress, as well as in the relationship between adherence to religious beliefs and perceived stress. Moderation analysis revealed that self-control moderated the relationship between psychological capital, adherence to religious beliefs, and perceived stress.

Based on the findings, enhancing psychological capital, adherence to religious beliefs, and strengthening self-control in students can play a significant role in reducing stress and improving their mental health. Therefore, teaching self-control skills to students could be considered a practical approach to stress reduction.

Bulimia nervosa has negative effects on the quality of life of individuals undergoing gastric sleeve/bypass surgery. The aim of the present study was to determine the effectiveness of group schema therapy on psychological capital in patients with bulimia nervosa.

The study was a quasi-experimental study with a pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The statistical population was all patients with bulimia nervosa undergoing gastric sleeve/bypass surgery who were referred to medical centers in Tehran province in 2023. Patients were assessed with the Eating Disorders Questionnaire by Stick et al. (2001). A sample of 30 individuals with bulimia nervosa was selected and 15 were randomly assigned to each group. In the experimental group, individual and group therapy sessions (during 3 months) were implemented based on the Simpson and Smith (2020) group schema therapy protocol for eating disorders. Data were collected from the Luthans Psychological Capital Questionnaire (2007); Their analysis was performed using multivariate analysis of covariance and SPSS-26 software.

The mean post-test scores of the experimental group and the control group in the components of self-efficacy increased from 32.33 to 27.92, hopefulness from 30 to 21.83, resilience from 23.92 to 20, and optimism from 26.33 to 19.92, respectively. Also, the group schema therapy intervention significantly improved the psychological capital of patients with bulimia nervosa (p<0.05).

Group schema therapy can be used as an effective component in treatment programs for bulimia nervosa.

The impact of parental divorce on children always has consequences that threaten their lives and future. Adapting to parental divorce is one of the challenges that children of divorce face, and its absence may have adverse consequences for children of divorce and society. One of the damages of divorce on the children of the family is the psychological capital of the children. Psychological capital is a set of resources and internal capital that usually represents a person's positive assessment of the situation and the probability of achieving success based on these resources. Considering the importance of parents' role in children's lives, parent education is sometimes the most effective and common treatment to reduce children's problems. Effective parenting training is one of these kinds of training. This training includes effective parenting training (step by step). Therefore, this research aimed to formulate an efficient parenting model for divorced mothers and determine its effectiveness on the psychological capital of teenagers.

This quasi–experimental research employed a pretest–posttest design with control and experimental groups. The statistical population of this research included divorced mothers with teenage children who were referred to counseling and psychology centers in Tehran City, Iran. The sample size was determined using the G*Power software so that the study has the necessary power to detect a difference of at least 1 unit in the level of anxiety sensitivity between the experimental and the control groups. Assuming the probability of the first type of error is 5% and the likelihood of the second type of error is 20%, with a standard deviation of 0.9, the number of samples is estimated to be 15 people for each group. Therefore, among the statistical population, 30 qualified volunteers were randomly entered into the study and divided into the experimental and control groups (each group contains 15 people). The inclusion criteria were as follows: being a divorced mother, having a teenage child, bearing at least a diploma level of education, and not participating in other therapeutic interventions at the same time. The exclusion criteria were as follows: absenteeism more than out of three sessions and non–observance of group therapy rules. The implementation method was that after selecting the people of the sample group and before starting the treatment program, the Psychological Capital Questionnaire (Luthans et al., 2007) was distributed between both groups. After that, the effective parenting training program for divorced mothers was implemented in the experimental group (a 90–minute session and each session once a week). The control group was not subjected to any treatment program. In the end, the posttest was done again from both groups. Data analysis was carried out in two parts: descriptive statistics and inferential statistics. At the level of descriptive statistics, mean and standard deviation, and at the level of inferential statistics, univariate analysis of covariance was used. Data analysis was done using SPSS software version 24, and the significance level of the tests was considered to be 0.05.

The results showed that the effect of an efficient parenting model in divorced mothers on the psychological capital components of teenagers, including hope, optimism, resilience, and self–efficacy, was significant (p<0.001). Also, the effect size for the components of hope was 0.64, optimism 0.63, resilience 0.51, and self–efficacy 0.68.

According to the findings, the efficient parenting model for divorced mothers is a suitable method for increasing the psychological capital of their teenagers.

Examining the mental health of female heads of the household and the factors affecting it is important. studies have shown that psychological capital can predict the mental health of people. The present study was conducted in order to investigate the lived experience of women heads of households about the role of psychological capital in mental health.

The research was a qualitative phenomenological type. The participants of this research were the female applicants who were the head of the household covered by the Imam Khomeini Relief Committee of Birjand. interviews were conducted with 21 women through the purposeful criterion sampling method and based on the entry criteria, and this process continued until the theoretical saturation of the data. The research tool was semi-structured interview. To analyze the data from Colaizzi's seven-step strategy and to validate the answer to the main research question about the role of psychological capital in the mental health, Guba and Lincoln's four criteria were used. Finally, the research data was coded in the MAXQDA-11.

The data were categorized into 4 axes: "self-efficacy", "resilience", "optimism" and "hope". The analysis showed that the psychological capitals, including self-efficacy, resilience, optimism and hope, have played a very important role in dealing with psychological tensions and developing the mental health of female heads of households.

The results while explaining the importance of psychological capital in improving the mental health of women heads of households and the importance of conducting more extensive research with the aim of understanding the dimensions of this effect, bring this importance to the support organizations to work hard in order to improve the psychological capital of women heads of households

The present study was conducted with the aim of investigating the effectiveness of acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) on psychological capital, weight and fat mass of obese women.

This study is a semi-experimental, involving a pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The research population comprised all overweight and obese women living in Yazd in 2021. According to the inclusion criteria, 30 people were selected and randomly replaced in two experimental and control groups (15 people in each group). The research instruments included a demographic information questionnaire, the psychological capital questionnaire, and the ACT treatment protocol. Following the pre-test, subjects in the control group underwent ACT treatment training sessions as the independent variable. The intervention consisted of nine group therapy sessions, each lasting 1.5 hours. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) was used to analyze the data.

At the beginning of the research, the average weight in the experimental group was 73.85 kg and in the control group was 74.01 kg. The findings of the research showed that the treatment based on ACT was able to play an effective role in increasing the psychological capital of overweight and obese women in Yazd city (p=0/001). This treatment was also effective in reducing the fat mass and weight of the participants (p=0/001).

According to the results of the present study, it seems that ACT can play an effective role in solving the problems of overweight women and increase their psychological capital and reduce their weight and fat mass.

  Professional development and increasing the knowledge and skills of professors are necessary for the success of the efforts made in terms of improving educational systems. Meanwhile, psychological capital and reducing work-family conflict play a constructive role in achieving these goals. The current study aimed to investigate the potential correlation between psychological capital and work-family conflict and professional development among faculty members at Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Iran.

  The current study employed a quantitative approach. The research method used was descriptive and correlational, utilizing structural equation modeling. The study focused on the faculty members of Tabriz University of Medical Sciences in 2022. According to the statistical resources, there were 793 faculty members at the university during the mentioned period. As per Morgan's table, the sample size consisted of 260 individuals. The instruments utilized to collect the required data were a professional development questionnaire of faculty members developed by Davarpanah (2018), Luthans et al.’s (2007) psychological capital questionnaire, and Carlson et al.’s (2000) work-family conflict questionnaire. To statistically analyze the research data, SPSS software (version 23) was first used to verify the normality of the studied variables. To calculate the correlation coefficients between them, AMOS version 23 was utilized.

  According to the correlation matrix table, there was a significant correlation between professional development and psychological capital. Also, there was an inverse and significant correlation between work-family conflict and psychological capital, and there was a non-significant correlation between professional development and work-family conflict. The psychological capital coefficient of influence on professional development was 0.61, and work-family conflict had a -0.11 impact factor on professional development. Therefore, it can be stated that psychological capital has a significant relationship with professional development and work-family conflict has an inverse and significant relationship with professional development. The measurement models fit well based on the results of confirmatory factor analysis and assessment indices. The Cronbach's alpha value was 0.951.

  Based on the results of the current study, it is concluded that the psychological capital play a vital role in professional development of faculty members. Furthermore, work-family conflict may cause the negative and noteworthy consequences in association with professional development of faculty members.

The covid-19 epidemic caused double mental pressure for nurses. In this epidemic, the use of spirituality and psychological capital were the factors that provided the basis for reducing the stress and mental pressure of nurses. Therefore, the aim of the study was to investigate the role of spiritual experiences in predicting the mental pressure of nurses with the mediating role of psychological capital.Methods and Materials: The method was descriptive-correlation and structural equations type. The statistical population was all the nurses of the Corona and Emergency Department of Vali-Asr Birjand Hospital in the first two months of 2022. Considering the limited population (104 people), the sample of the current study was a census, that is, all the statistical population was selected as a sample, and according to the nursing stress questionnaires of Gray-Toft & Anderson (2014), the scale of spiritual experiences of Underwood & Teresi (2001) and Luthans (2007) psychological capital questionnaire answered. SPSS-22 and Smart-PLS software were used for data analysis. All the coefficients of the direct path related to the relationship between spiritual experiences with positive psychological capital and with nurses' psychological pressure are negative and significant (p<0.01). The relationship between psychological capital and psychological pressure is negative and significant (p<0.01). The proposed research model has a good fit at a significance level of 0.01. The value of (GOF= 0.459) indicates the appropriate fit of the research model. The results explain the importance of spiritual experiences and psychological capital in reducing the mental pressure of nurses. in order to reduce the mental pressure of nurses, it is suggested to strengthen psychological capital and spiritual experiences in the form of educational workshops in hospitals.

The phenomenon of single parenthood is considered as a major social crisis all over the world, and the deprivation of a father or mother is one of the special family conditions that, as an important variable can have special effects on the development and different aspects of the child's behavior, especially in the field of mental health physical and academic performance; Therefore, the aim of the current research was the effectiveness of group lifestyle training based on Islamic-positive psychology on the psychological capital and resilience of single-parent children. Methods and Materials: The current research method is semi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The statistical population included single-parent children in Yasuj city in May 2023, from which 30 people were selected using targeted sampling and randomly placed in two control and experimental groups. Connor and Davidson's (2003) resilience questionnaires and Luthans et al.'s (2010) psychological capital questionnaires were used to collect research data in the pre-test and post-test stages.The obtained data were analyzed using spss-24 software at two levels of descriptive statistics (mean and standard deviation) and inferential statistics (multivariate covariance analysis). The findings showed that lifestyle group education based on Islamic-positive psychology has increased the psychological capital and resilience of single-parent children Based on the results of the present study, it can be said that Islamic-positive lifestyle education can be used as an effective educational method to increase the resilience and psychological capital of single-parent children in Mara through counseling and psychological services

Caregivers of individuals with schizophrenia play a crucial role in providing support and assistance to their loved ones who are grappling with the challenges of schizophrenia. These caregivers often shoulder important responsibilities such as medication management, providing emotional support, and assisting with daily tasks. However, caregiving for individuals with schizophrenia can also be challenging and stressful, leading to emotional distress. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of family-centered therapy (FCT) on the psychological capital of caregivers of schizophrenic patients.

Methods and Materials: 

This study employed a semi-experimental design with pretest-posttest control group and three-month follow-up. The study population consisted of caregivers of schizophrenic patients attending Imam Hossein Hospital. Thirty caregivers were selected using convenience sampling and were then systematically assigned to either the experimental or control group. Two participants in the experimental group withdrew during the intervention sessions, resulting in a reduction in the experimental group to 13 participants. The experimental group underwent twelve 60-minute sessions of FCT intervention once a week. Data were collected using the Luthans Psychological Capital Questionnaire (2007) and analyzed using mixed analysis of variance.

The mean psychological capital of caregivers who received family-centered therapy intervention showed improvement compared to the control group at posttest and follow-up stages (p<0. 001).

Consequently, this study demonstrates the significant positive impact of family-centered therapy on the psychological capital of caregivers of schizophrenic patients. The findings highlight the effectiveness of this therapeutic approach in enhancing the well-being and resilience of caregivers in coping with the challenges of schizophrenia caregiving. These results underscore the importance of incorporating family-centered interventions in comprehensive caregiving and support provided to caregivers, ultimately enhancing their psychological well-being and capacity to cope with caregiving demands.

Different cognitive errors cause differences in understanding the internal and external environment for each person, which in turn affects their psychological capital (self-efficacy, hope, optimism, and resilience). Theoretical models of anxiety show that information processing errors (which are also called cognitive processing errors or cognitive errors) are important factors in the etiology, maintenance, and treatment process of anxiety disorders, including social anxiety disorder. Beck (2019) believes that people who have emotional problems commit errors in logic, which inclines the objective reality towards self-deprecation. According to Prapoiz and Klossuska (2018), one of the factors that may negatively affect adolescents in the adolescent period, despite having psychological capital, is cognitive errors. Cognitive errors involve preferential or selective processing of information: In the context of anxiety, information processing biases are specific to threatening stimuli. Researchers have identified four types of cognitive errors in anxious people, which include attention bias, memory, judgment, and interpretation. Investigation of information processing errors in people with social anxiety has shown that they also show these four types of cognitive bias. These biases can appear in two stages of information processing: automatic and strategic. Automatic processing is effortless, involuntary, and unintentional, while strategic or controlled processing is considered effortful, voluntary, and intentional. Adolescence is the most sensitive, important, and critical period of growth. High school students who are in this stage are seeking to discover their identity and independence and separation from their childhood affiliations. Therefore, they do not have a stable mental state and usually, the beginning of most psychological disorders is in this period. One of the major disorders that begins in adolescence is social anxiety disorder. Social anxiety disorder (SAD), also known as social phobia, refers to the persistent fear and/or avoidance of social situations associated with the possibility of scrutiny by others and the fear of acting in a way that is embarrassing or humiliating. This research was conducted with the aim of determining the mediating role of cognitive errors in explaining the relationship between psychological capital and social anxiety in high school students.

This is a descriptive research of the type of structural equations, in which the relationship between variables was investigated with regard to the mediating role of cognitive errors. The statistical population of the research was made up of students of the second secondary schools in Tehran, and a multi-stage cluster sampling method with an estimated sample size (300 people) was used to select the sample. Cognitive error test (CET), psychological capital questionnaire (PCQ) and social anxiety questionnaire (SAQ) were used to measure the variables.

The data were analyzed using structural equations, the results showed that there is a relationship between psychological capital and its components with social anxiety in high school students, and the factor loading of the subscales of hope, resilience and optimism to explain the variable of social capital. , equal to 48.43, 0.0, 0.87 and 0.92, respectively. Also, the results of structural equations showed that cognitive errors can predict the relationship between psychological capital and social anxiety in high school students.

The flow of thinking does not have a correct flow and there are a series of problems in its flow. In other words, there are no correct materials for correct conclusions. Humans naturally tend to stay away from pains and hardships and experience peace and comfort in their lives. On the other hand, behaviors arise from feelings and feelings arise from our type of thinking. If there is a mistake in our thinking, it will spread to our feelings, and after that, our behavior will take on a negative color and go out of the proper state. To have the right behavior, we need to feel positive and this comes through positive thinking. To achieve positive thinking, we must look at life events realistically and deal with them flexibly. Striving for a balance between thoughts that cause anxiety and pleasant and hopeful thoughts brings people closer to positive thinking. This type of thinking brings stable and predictable happiness; but if a person suffers from some kind of negative thinking in life, it leads to momentary happiness, which has many evils, because first of all, it is not stable and it is not in the moment, and in a particular moment, it is not significant in terms of quantity. The results indicated that the components of psychological capital will have an increasing or decreasing effect on anxiety according to the mediating role of cognitive distortions; Therefore, the effect of the relationship between the components of psychological capital and anxiety is not the same considering people's cognitive distortions, and the results obtained in the present study showed that the higher the level of cognitive distortions, the more people will experience anxiety. Therefore, it is suggested to include interventions for the prevention of cognitive errors in the content of educational programs of schools and universities, and in this way, to increase the level of correct understanding and free from cognitive errors of students and in general, to develop correct perception.

Autism spectrum disorder is one of the neurodevelopmental disorders that has been associated with persistent deficits in communication and social interactions in several different fields.  This study aimed to examine the effectiveness of reality therapy on psychological capital, emotional self-regulation and anxiety sensitivity in mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder. The research method is a quasi-experimental method and its design is pre-test and post-test with a control group. This study was carrie out on mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder in Rasht, Iran. The instruments included the 16-question anxiety sensitivity questionnaire of Deacon and Wallen (2002), the 24-question psychological capital questionnaire of Luthans (2007) and the 63-question self-regulation questionnaire of Miller and Brown (1999).The data were analyzed using SPSS23 software and Mankova's multivariate analysis of covariance test. The results of the research showed that reality therapy had a significant effect on psychological capital, emotional self-regulation and anxiety sensitivity in mothers of children with autism spectrum disorder. Reality therapy also had a significant effect on anxiety sensitivity and psychological capital. It also had a significant effect on emotional self-regulation. The average scores of psychological capital, emotional self-regulation in the intervention group under reality therapy in the post-test stage significantly increased compared to the pre-test and the control group. Also, the average scores of anxiety sensitivity in the intervention group under reality therapy in the post-test phase decreased compared to the pre-test and the control group.

The nursing profession is one of the most challenging jobs in health care, and many of these challenges can lead to a decrease in efficiency and burnout among nurses. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the structural model of organizational commitment, job stress, psychological capital, and job burnout among nurses in Kermanshah, Iran, in 2021.

This descriptive correlational study was conducted using structural equation modeling. The statistical population of the research included nurses who worked in public and private hospitals in Kermanshah in 2021. The sample size was calculated at 300 cases who were selected via random and stratified sampling methods. Data were analyzed in SPSS (version 19) and AMOS software packages using descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation coefficient, and structural equations. The significance level was P<0.05.

The mean scores of job burnout, organizational commitment, psychological capital, and job stress were reported as 63.17±17.72, 78.09±17.26, 115.452±22.28, and 38.63±12.89, respectively. Data analysis indicated a good fit of the model. The research results pinpointed that that organizational commitment (β=-0.35, P=0.02), job stress (β=-0.39, P=0.02), and psychological capital (β=-0.64, P=0.001) had a significant direct effect on job burnout. Moreover, organizational commitment (β=0.31, P=0.001) and job stress (β=0.75, P=0.001) had a significant direct effect on psychological capital. Psychological capital had a significant indirect effect on job burnout through organizational commitment and job stress (β=0.18, P=0.001). That is, the results of the Sobel test for organizational commitment (1.9) and burnout (3.56) were significant at the P<0.05 level. Job stress exerted a more marked effect on the relationship between psychological capital and job burnout.

Nursing managers can implement interventions to improve nurses' organizational commitment and psychological capital. Furthermore, effective steps can be taken to reduce the stress and burnout of the nursing community by strengthening the components of organizational commitment and psychological capital.

Background &

One of the major disorders that begins in adolescence is social anxiety disorder. Social anxiety disorder, also known as social phobia, refers to the persistent fear and/or avoidance of social situations associated with the possibility of scrutiny by others and the fear of acting in a way that is embarrassing or humiliating. It has been found that social anxiety disorder is more common than previously thought and is often associated with various forms of psychopathology. Social anxiety may coexist with other anxieties, including state anxiety. State anxiety can be defined as an emotional response to a specific situation. This reaction includes feelings of apprehension, fear, tension and increased physiological arousal and can vary from one situation to another. State anxiety can be divided into two forms of physical and cognitive anxiety. Cognitive errors involve preferential or selective processing of information: In the context of anxiety, information processing biases are specific to threatening stimuli. Researchers have identified four types of cognitive errors in anxious people, which include attention bias, memory, judgment and interpretation. Examining information processing errors in people suffering from social anxiety has shown that they also show these four types of cognitive bias. These biases can appear in two stages of information processing: automatic and strategic. Automatic processing is effortless, involuntary, and unintentional, while strategic or controlled processing is considered effortful, voluntary, and intentional. Information processing models of anxiety typically treat attention and interpretation of threat cues as two separate processes that unfold sequentially. In general, these models state that threat detection (first in the automatic stage and second in the strategic stage) leads to the allocation of attention to threatening stimuli (in both the automatic and strategic stages). This research was conducted with the aim of investigating the mediating role of cognitive errors in explaining the relationship between psychological capital, social anxiety and state anxiety in high school students.

This is a descriptive research of the type of structural equations, in which the relationship between variables was investigated with regard to the mediating role of cognitive distortions. The statistical population of the research was made up of students of the second secondary schools in Tehran, and a multi-stage cluster sampling method with an estimated sample size (300 people) was used to select the sample. To measure the variables, cognitive error test (CET), Psychological Capital Questionnaire (PCQ) by Luthans (2007), Social Anxiety Questionnaire (SAQ) by Jarbak (1996) and State-Competitive Anxiety Questionnaire (CSAI-2) by Martens et al. (1990) were used.

The data were analyzed using structural equations, the results showed that there is a relationship between psychological capital and its components with social anxiety and state anxiety in high school students, and the factor loading of the subscales of hope, resilience and optimism to explain the capital variable. Social is equal to 48.43, 0.0, 0.87 and 0.92, respectively. Also, the results of structural equations showed that cognitive errors can predict the relationship between psychological capital and social anxiety in high school students; but cognitive errors cannot predict the relationship between psychological capital and state anxiety in high school students.

There is a relationship between psychological capital and anxiety, and the results of various researches have confirmed this relationship; But it seems that what plays a more important role in explaining this relationship is people's cognitive distortions, which must be planned for their correction; Therefore, it is suggested to include interventions for the prevention of cognitive errors in the content of educational programs of schools and universities, and in this way, to increase the level of correct understanding and free from cognitive errors of students and in general, to develop correct perception. And free from distortion of community members. It is suggested that cognitive distortions be studied as a mediating variable in connection with the relationships between variables in order to understand and explain the role of cognitive distortions more. Also, during the research and in the process of data collection, there were observations that reminded the researcher that these variables can explain part of the variance of the relationship between the predictor variable and the criterion variable; but the researcher neglected this issue. Therefore, it is suggested to consider the role of family support variables, social growth and self-esteem in future researches. The results indicated that the components of psychological capital will have an increasing or decreasing effect on anxiety according to the mediating role of cognitive patterns; Therefore, the effect of the relationship between the components of psychological capital and anxiety is not the same considering people's cognitive distortions, and the results obtained in the present study showed that the higher the level of cognitive errors, the more people will experience anxiety.

The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of family-focused Therapy on family functioning, psychological capital and social adjustment of patients with schizophrenia referred to Emma Hosseini hospital in 2022.

The present study is a semi-experimental type that pretest-posttest plan with control and follow-up group was used. The statistical population includes all patients diagnosed with schizophrenia who referred to Emmam Hossein Hospital and their main caregivers. 30 people were selected through available sampling and randomly divided in two experimental and control groups. The experimental group was performed intervention include family focused therapy for twelve 60-minute sessions one day a week. The samples answered family function (FAD-I), psychological capital) PCQ) and Bell’s social adjustment questionnaires before and after 12 weeks. The data were analyzed using SPSS software and statistical tests of repeated analysis of variance and paired and independent t-tests.

The results showed that there was no difference between the two intervention and control groups in terms of the distribution of background variables. But the average variables before and after the intervention in the experimental and control groups had a significant difference, and the difference in the follow-up of the sample group.

According to the obtained results, it can be said that family-focused therapy is effective on family functioning, psychological capital and social adjustment of schizophrenic patients.

The present study was conducted with the aim of determining the relationship between psychological capital and the turnover Intention, considering the mediating role of preventive and promotive psychological ownership and the moderating role of work experience in the nurses of Tamin Ejtemaei Hospital in Bojnord.

The research's statistical population is 110 nurses working in TAMIN EJTEMAIE Hospital in Bojnord in 1401, and using Morgan's formula, a sample of 86 people was selected from among them by simple random method. To measure the variables of the research, Luthans et al.'s psychological capital questionnaires (2007), Oi et al.'s (2009) psychological ownership, and Kim and Long's (2007) Turnover Intention were used. The reliability of the questionnaire was confirmed using Cronbach's alpha method and its validity was confirmed using convergent validity. Data analysis was done using the structural equation modeling method and SPSS 24 and SMAR-PLS 4 software.

The results showed that there is a negative and significant relationship between psychological capital and turnover Intention (p<0.05), on the other hand, there is a positive and significant relationship between psychological capital and promotive psychological ownership (p<0.05) and There is a negative and significant relationship between psychological capital and preventive psychological ownership (p<0.05). d.

According to the results of this study, the attention of managers towards making decisions to increase the psychological capital of nurses by emphasizing on promotive and preventive psychological ownership can provide the basis for reducing the Turnover Intention of nurses.

Background &

Job performance is one of the most important variables in industrial and organizational psychology, and its importance is clear for both individuals and organizations, in other words, all major activities in industrial and organizational psychology focus on improving performance. Job is focused. Job performance is the amount of productivity that is obtained from the employment of an individual in the organization. Job performance shows how employees perform in their jobs, initiative, problem-solving, and ways of using resources. Job performance in the field of education is an important factor in the development and advancement of organizational goals; therefore, educational organizations should always try to identify, develop and maintain human capital. Psychological capital is one of the branches of positive psychology, which emphasizes a person's belief in his abilities to achieve success, to be persistent in pursuing goals, to create positive documents about himself, and to endure difficulties. This capital has characteristics such as having confidence in making the necessary efforts for success in challenging tasks (self-efficacy); Creating a positive document about current and future success (optimism); Being steadfast in the path of the goals and if necessary changing the paths to achieve the goals and achieve success (hope) and try harder to achieve success when surrounded by problems and hardships or even positive events, progress and More responsibility (resilience). Psychological capital in teachers as a guide and facilitator of the academic performance of teachers, by providing a human and moral perspective for schools, and also, by relying on the strengths and positive aspects of the organization's members and human resources, and relying on Ethical behaviors provide teachers with a performance beyond expectations, and by changing the conventional views and perspectives towards the school system, tasks, and roles, communication, the behavior of organization members (administrators, teachers, students, and employees). Therefore, teachers with high psychological capital create and create a positive atmosphere based on self-efficacy, hope, optimism, and resilience in themselves and their students. Considering that the education organization is considered one of the most important educational and service institutions of a country that has an important place in the improvement and prosperity of the society, increasing attention to the role of psychological capital in various ways can lead to improve the performance of employees (teachers). Therefore, according to the presented materials, the present research seeks to answer the question: What is the effect of psychological capital on improving the professional performance of teachers in Alborz province in order to present a model?

The purpose of this research is practical, which was carried out with a mixed approach (qualitative and quantitative) with an exploratory design and was approved by the Code of Ethics Commission of the Islamic Azad University of Sari branch with the code IR.IAU.SARI.REC.1401.194. The statistical population studied in the qualitative section included senior managers and education experts of Alborz province who had doctorate degrees and management experience of more than 10 years, and 20 people were identified and their opinions were used in the qualitative section. The statistical population studied in the quantitative section included all official and contract teachers of Alborz province (public sector) in the number of 25,402 people, and their opinions were used in the quantitative section. In the qualitative section, 10 people were selected as a statistical sample using the purposeful sampling method and considering the saturation law. In the quantitative part, based on Cochran's formula, 378 people were selected by stratified random sampling method. To collect data in the qualitative part of this research from semi-structured interviews in the form of a Delphi design and the quantitative part based on the criteria extracted from the qualitative stage, a researcher-made psychological capital questionnaire, and a job performance questionnaire were used. Patterson (1990) was used to collect the required data. The researcher-made psychological capital questionnaire had 51 questions and 2 "individual and organizational" dimensions and 8 components (spirituality, creativity, critical thinking, self-confidence, flexibility, responsibility, successful experiences, and organizational trust). Which was designed in the range of 5 Likert options (very low, low, medium, high, and very high) and was scored from 1 to 5 respectively. Job Performance Questionnaire was designed by Patterson in 1990 this questionnaire has 15 questions and was designed on a 4-point Likert scale (rarely, often, sometimes, and always) and scored from 1 to 4 respectively. To collect data, a researcher-made psychological capital questionnaire and Patterson's occupational performance questionnaire (1990) were used. Data analysis was done using SPSS21 and PLS software.

The results showed that there is a factor load of 0.683 between the variable of psychological capital and the promotion of job performance based on path coefficients, so the effect of psychological capital on the promotion of job performance of teachers in Alborz province is significant at the level of 0.99.

In general, it can be said that psychological capital is one of the influencing factors in the formation of job performance, therefore, by strengthening cognitive capital among employees, it is possible to provide the basis for more effective work in the organizational environment. One of the limitations of this study is the problem of communicating with some specialists, experts, and experts in the field of academic entrepreneurship and determining the time required to conduct interviews, as well as the low interest of some samples to participate in the research process and complete the questionnaires. A little research indicated. According to the results of the study, it is suggested to identify the causes of the ineffectiveness of educational centers regarding not entering the field of psychological capital and trying to increase it as much as possible, especially in in-service classes, which in turn can increase the performance level of teachers. Also, due to the educational nature of psychological capital, it can be considered in different training courses among the employees of different organizations and benefit from its material and non-material benefits.

Nowadays, existential crisis and reduced psychological capital have resulted in anxiety and other mental problems. The aim of this study was to determine and compare the effectiveness of ACTgroup therapy using metaphors of spiritual Masnavi and ACTtherapy on psychological capital and existential anxiety.

The research method was quasi-experimental. The population includedall clients at Psychological Clinics of Tehran in 1400. Sixtypeople were selected by random sampling method and allocated to groups of twenty. Interventions for experimental groups consisted of eight weekly sessions. Data were collected through the Luthans (2007) Psychological Capital Questionnaire and Good (1974) Existential Anxiety. The hypotheses were analyzed using repeated measures analysis of variance.

The results showed that both treatments were effective in improving psychological capital. The effectiveness of the combined group therapy based on acceptance and commitment in addition to the metaphors of spiritual Masnavi was greater than the ACTgroup therapy alone on psychological capital. Also, ACTgroup therapy and its combination with the metaphors of the spiritual Masnavi has no significant effect on improving existential anxiety.

The current study supports the idea of integrating acceptance and commitment to therapy with Masnavi’s metaphors to enhance its effectiveness. So, Iranian literature and art can be a useful source to improvetherapeutical and preventive interventions.

Creating a healthy atmosphere based on psychological capital and organizational virtue is the foundation of a healthy organization. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the role of psychological capital in organizational health mediated by organizational virtue.

The method of the present study was descriptive correlation. From the statistical population that included all teachers of education and training in the city of Birjand in the academic year 2018-2019 (420 people), which according to the table of Gujarat and Morgan 201 people were selected by available sampling as a sample. Research data collection tools included psychological capital questionnaire by Luthans et al. (2007), organizational virtue questionnaire by Cameron et al. (2004), and a questionnaire by Hui et al. (1996). Data analysis was performed by Pearson correlation coefficient test (SPSS version 22) and path analysis (Amoss).

The results showed that there was a direct and significant effect between the variables of psychological capital and organizational virtue with organizational health, psychological capital with organizational virtue (p <0.01). Also, the indirect effect of psychological capital path through mediated organizational virtue on organizational health was confirmed.

According to the results of research to promote and have organizational health, we need a suitable context to increase and improve psychological capital and organizational virtue in the organization.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of resilience training on the psychological capital of young soldiers with divorced parents of army senior military in Isfahan.

The research design was quasi-experimental and included a pretest and posttest that was performed in both experimental and control groups. The statistical population of the present study includes all soldiers with divorced parents of the senior military of the Isfahan city army in 1399. The sample consisted of 50 qualified soldiers who were selected using the available sampling method and were randomly assigned to the control (25) and experimental (25) groups. The educational intervention was performed on the experimental group for 45 days in ten sessions and was not provided to the educational control group. In this study, Mac Gee's diagnostic scales of psychological capital were used as a tool to measure the effectiveness of resilience training on psychological capital and the collected data were analyzed using the covariance method.

The results showed that resilience training method at the level of P <0.001 was significantly effective in increasing the psychological capital of senior soldiers with divorced parents.

The results showed that resilience skills training can be used as an effective way to increase the components of psychological capital in young soldiers with divorced parents of senior military soldiers.