جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « سرمایه های روان شناختی » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Ostomy surgery in colon cancer patients leads to mental and emotional damage, in which high psychological capital in a person can reduce the severity of the damages. This study was conducted with the aim of comparing the effectiveness of two group therapy methods based on compassion and mindfulness on the psychological capital of colon cancer patients with ostomy.

This was a semi-experimental study with a pretest-posttest with a control group design. Among the ostomy colon cancer patients who visited Imam Hossein (AS) Hospital in Tehran for treatment in the second quarter of 2018, the number of 45 eligible individuals were selected using convenience sampling method and were randomly allocated within blocks. They were divided into three groups of 15 people each (intervention 1, intervention 2 and control). In the intervention groups, compassion-based and mindfulness-based therapy methods were implemented respectively. Each group intervention duration was 8 sessions of 45 minutes each. Data were collected using Lutans psychological capital questionnaire (2007) in the pre-test and post-test phases and analyzed using analysis of variance using SPSS-24.

The results showed that both of group therapy methods based on compassion and mindfulness were effective on the psychological capital of colon cancer patients with ostomy (p<0.01). Furthermore, the results of the Bonferroni test and the adjusted means indicated that the compassion-based group therapy method had a greater effect than the mindfulness-based group therapy in enhancing resilience, optimism and self-efficacy (p<0.01).

Considering the positive effects of the both mentioned methods on psychological capital, counselors and therapists can use psychological interventions such as compassion-based and mindfulness-based group therapy to improve the psychological capital of colon cancer patients with ostomy.

 Spiritual happiness is one of the types of positive emotions that play an important role in helping people adapt to the situation in stressful situations. Also, the meaning of life and psychological capitals are also variables that form the basis of effective, directed and continuous coping of individuals with difficult conditions. Therefore, based on this, the current research was conducted with the aim of predicting spiritual happiness based on meaning in life and psychological capital, with the mediation of students' sense of coherence during the Covid-19 epidemic.

 The present study is a descriptive survey-based study involving the use of structural equation modeling. The statistical population included all male and female undergraduate students (day and night) of Isfahan University in the academic year 2020-2021. There were 360​​students from this community who volunteered to participate in the research. In this study, the data were collected using a questionnaire of demographic characteristics, Chirian & Afrooz’s spiritual happiness questionnaire, Steger et al.’s meaning in life questionnaire, Luthans psychological capital questionnaire and Antonovsky’s sense of coherence questionnaire. The collected data were analyzed on Smart PLS2 and using structural equation modeling. In the present study, all ethical considerations were observed and the authors reported no conflict of interest.

 The results showed that meaning in life and psychological capital with the mediation of sense of coherence has a positive and significant relationship with spiritual happiness (P<0.00).

 Having spiritual vitality plays an important role in helping people to face the life challenges. Meaning in life and psychological capitals create a source of internal resistance that can be effective in creating spiritual vitality in students in interaction with the sense of coherence.

Dyspepsia causes psychological problems and decreases psychological health; therapeutic interventions are needed to solve these problems.  This study was designed aiming to determine the effectiveness of cognitive therapy based on mindfulness on psychological disturbance and psychological capital of patients with dyspepsia. This semi-experimental research was designed with a pre-test-post-test and a control group. The statistical population included patients with a diagnosis of indigestion without ulcers in the clinic of Tuba Gastroenterology in Sari and Ghaemshahr cities. Overall, 30 people were selected through convenience sampling method and were randomly and by drawing lot assigned into experimental and control groups. The people in the experimental group received mindfulness-based cognitive therapy. Two questionnaires of psychological disturbance and psychological capital were employed. The results showed that before the intervention there was no significant difference between the average scores of psychological disturbance and psychological capital in the experimental and control groups, but there was a statistically significant difference between the average scores in the intervention and control groups after the intervention. The mean and standard deviation of psychological disturbance in the post-test and psychological capital was 3.33±35.40 and 5.96±81.33, respectively (P<0.001). According to the results of this research, mindfulness cognitive therapy reduced the symptoms of psychological disturbance and increased psychological capital in patients with dyspepsia. So the use of this method is recommended as an effective strategy to reduce the psychological problems of patients.

Teachers with high psychological capital create and create a positive atmosphere based on self-efficacy, hope, optimism and resilience in themselves and students. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of the mediating role of psychological capital on the quality of work life and job motivation of teachers in Alborz province by presenting a model.

In terms of the method of data collection, it was a qualitative research using the Delphi method. The statistical population consisted of 20 experts, senior managers and education experts of Alborz province and experts in the field of psychology and psychology in Alborz province. Based on the saturation law, 10 were determined and selected as a statistical sample, which was conducted through an in-depth and exploratory semi-structured interview.

After performing three rounds of qualitative Delphi technique, 8 components were obtained as follows: trust, self-confidence, responsibility, successful experiences, flexibility, spirituality, creativity, critical thinking regarding psychological capital.

In this research, an attempt was made to examine all the influencing components of the psychological capital variable and their role on job performance, and a suitable model was presented for its promotion.

The aim of this study was to present a structural model to explain grandiose narcissism and vulnerable narcissism in men and women based on objectified body consciousness and psychological capitals with mediating role of self-esteem.

The present study was a correctional-discriptive based on a structural equation model. The statistical population of this study included all men and women over 18 years of age in Ahvaz and 309 of them were randomly selected and tested by available sampling method through social networks. Instruments which were used to collect data were demographic questionnaire, Pathological Narcissism Inventory (PNI), Objectified Body Consciousness Scale (OBC), Luthans Psychological Capital Scale (LPCS) and Rosenburg Self-esteem Inventory (RSES). Data analysis was performed using SPSS 24 and Amos 24.

Ethical Considerations:

In the present study, ethical principles such as confidentiality of information were observed and there was no possible harm to the subjects.

Results revealed that there was a significant relationship between Objectified Body consciousness with Grandiose Narcissism and Volnerable Narcissism in women. The results of these variables in men were not significant. Objectified body consciousness and psychological capitals with self-esteem was significant for both men and women. Furthermore, Psychological capitals with grandiose narcissism and vulnerable narcissism was significant in men; in women, Psychological capitals only were significant with vulnerable narcissism (p<0. 01). Among indirect path, Self-esteem could significantly play a mediating role for Objectified body consciousness and psychologicalcapitals with grandiose narcissism and vulnerable narcissism in men. In women, the only significant indirectpath was between self-esteem with vulnerable narcissism.

Gender significantly moderated the causal effect of self-esteem on vulnerable narcissism, so that self-esteem in men has a stronger causal effect on vulnerable narcissism. These results can be used by clinical psychotherapists and psychiatrists in therapy with clients who suffer from narcissist personality disorder and related disorders to body image. As regards self-objectification can be led to narcissism and lower levels of self-esteemin individuals, therefore it is recommended that Psychologists and health experts care more about variables which were mentioned.

It is important to pay attention to personality traits and psychological capitals in nurses' job stress. The purpose of the research was the role of personality traits in the psychological capital of nurses with the mediating role of o job stress.

The descriptive research method was correlation type. The statistical population was nurses of Tehran University of Medical Sciences. The sample size of 220 people was selected by voluntary sampling. The tools of data collection were questionnaires of personality traits, psychological capital and job stress. Data analysis was done using Pearson's correlation test and structural equation model with SPSS and AMOS software version 24.

Pearson's correlation test showed that there is a significant relationship between personality traits, psychological capital and job stress. Also, the results of the Sobel test showed that job stress plays a mediating role between personality traits and psychological capital (P≥0.05).

Nurses who have favorable personality traits and psychological capital are expected to have low job stress.

 In recent years, the role of psychological factors in physical diseases such as cancer has become more and more apparent and clarification of this role has been emphasized from various angles. The present study aimed to investigate the relationship between psychological capital with recurrence and sexual function in women with breast cancer.

 The design of the present study was descriptive-correlational implemented in 2021. The statistical population of the present study was all women with breast cancer in Iran who received a definitive diagnosis of cancer in 2015. Of those, 300 patients with this disease came to Tehran for treatment through sampling in the form of a plan Research entered. The tools used in this study included the Luthans Psychological Capital Questionnaire, Rosen's Sexual Function, and Simard's Fear of Recurrence. After collecting the questionnaire and extracting the primary data, the relationship between psychological components with fear of recurrence and sexual performance was analyzed.

 The majority of participants were bachelors (75 percent) and housekeeper ladies. The correlation between all the psychological capitals (hope, tolerance, self-efficacy, optimism) with sexual performance was positive and significant. There is a significant relationship between psychological capital and fear of recurrence. In addition, there is a relationship between psychological capital and the sexual function of women. Also, from the components of psychological capital, optimism can predict the fear of recurrence in the negative direction (R2 = 0.22) and sexual function in the positive direction (R2 = 0.06).

 Optimism as one of the psychological capitals can predict the fear of recurrence and sexual performance. Also, optimism can affect various dimensions of physical diseases such as cancer. Therefore, developing interventions to improve hope, optimism, resilience, and self-efficacy can help enhance sexual performance and fear of relapse in these patients.

The purpose of this research was to compare the effectiveness of the parenting package based on the healthy human theory with the positive parenting program on parenting stress and psychological capital of mothers of 6-12-year-old children with extrinsic behavioral disorders.

The research method was a three-group-three-stage experimental design and the statistical population included all mothers of 6-12-year-old children suffering from externalizing behavioral disorders in Tehran in the first half of 1401, who referred to elementary schools and counseling and psychology centers in Tehran and using From them, 45 people were selected from targeted sampling and randomly divided into three groups (15 people for each group). To collect information, parenting stress (Abidin, 1983) and psychological capital (Luthans et al., 2010) questionnaires were used. Experimental group 1 was trained by the researcher-made parenting package based on the healthy human theory, and experimental group 2 underwent positive parenting training during 8 90-minute sessions. The data were analyzed by ANOVA with repeated measure and Bonferroni post hoc tests by following the default tests with the statistical package of social science version 22.

The obtained results showed that both parenting package interventions based on healthy human theory and positive parenting had a significant effect on increasing the psychological capital and on decreasing the stress of parenting in the parents with a child with extrinsic behavioral disorders in the post-test phase, and the treatment effects remained in the follow-up phase. Also, comparing the two treatment methods, the results showed that the parenting package based on the healthy human theory was more effective in improving parenting self-agency in the follow-up phase (p≥0.05). Also, comparing the two treatment methods, the results showed that the parenting package based on the healthy human theory was more effective in improving the psychological capital in the follow-up phase.

The findings of this research provide useful information regarding the education of mothers, and psychologists and counselors can use these interventions in order to improve the psychological capital and reduce the stress and tension of mothers with children with externalizing behavioral disorders.

 This research was conducted with the aim of determining the effect of cognitive behavioral therapy on psychological capital and cognitive regulation of emotion in people with peptic ulcer.

 The research method was semi-experimental and the statistical population in this research included all people with peptic ulcer referred to Ayatollah Taleghani Hospital, and also the sample size of the research was considered to be 30 people. The data collection tools in this research are Lutans (2007) psychological capital questionnaire and Cognitive Emotion Regulation (Garnefski,2007). In order to analyze the data, the covariance analysis method was used.

The results of data analysis showed that the psychological capital and cognitive regulation of emotion in peptic ulcer patients, who underwent cognitive behavioral therapy, was significantly higher compared to the control group (P<0.05).

 These results show the significant effect of cognitive-behavioral therapy on psychological capital and cognitive regulation of emotion in people with peptic ulcer.

In addition to the physical problems caused by the disease and the treatment process, cancer patients also face several psychological and emotional consequences that existential psychotherapy may be effective in this regard. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the effectiveness of existential psychotherapy on psychological capital and affective control in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of existential psychotherapy on psychological capital and affective control in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. This study was a quasi-experimental pre-test-post-test with the control group and its statistical population consisted of cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy at Omid Hospital in Mashhad in 2021, of which 22 as a sample and by Convenience Sampling Method were selected and randomly assigned to experimental and control groups. Existential psychotherapy program was then performed in nine 90-minute sessions for the experimental group, during which time the control group did not receive any intervention. The groups were tested before and after the intervention with the psychological capital questionnaire of Luthans et al (2007) and the affective control questionnaire of the Williams et al (1997). Data were analyzed using single and multivariate analysis of covariance using SPSS-26 software.

The results of ANCOVA showed that existential psychotherapy promoted psychological capital (F = 33.34, p< 0.001, η = 0.64) and affective control (F = 14.44, p< 0.001, η = 0.43). The results of MANCOVA showed that existential psychotherapy is significantly effective in improving the dimensions of psychological capital (self-efficacy, hope, resilience, optimism) (p<0.05) and the same improving effects for the dimensions of affective control (anger, depressed mood, anxiety, positive affect). It was confirmed (p<0.05).

The results indicated the effectiveness of existential psychotherapy on psychological capital and emotional control in cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy. As a result, the need to use existential therapies focused on issues related to cancer patients, especially with a focus on improving psychological capital and affective control in them, seems necessary and important.
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The present study was conducted to investigate the efficacy of psychological capitals training on the job engagement and responsibility of the staff with work-family conflict in Sarkhoon and Qeshm gas Company. It was a quasi-experimental study with pretest, posttest, control group and tree-month follow-up period design. The statistical population included the staff with work-family conflict in Sarkhoon and Qeshm oil and Gas Company in the spring of 2021. 27 employees were selected through purposive sampling method and randomly accommodated into experimental and control groups. The experimental group received psychological capitals training (10 sessions) during two-and-a-half months. The applied questionnaires in this study included work-family conflict questionnaire (Carlson, Kacmar, and Williams, 2000), job engagement and questionnaire (Schaufeli, Salanova, 2002) and responsibility questionnaire (Carroll, 2010). The data from the study were analyzed through Mixed ANOVA via SPSS23 software. The results showed that psychological capitals training has been effective on the job engagement and responsibility in the staff with work-family conflict. According to the findings of the present study, psychological capitals training can be used as the efficient method to improve job engagement and responsibility of the staff with work-family conflict using concepts such as resilience, self-efficacy, optimism and hope.

 Bullying at school has attracted the attention of parents and school staff who are concerned about the safety and mental health of students. Bullying is a disturbing behavior that a person or a group of people intentionally does repeatedly over some time and involves an imbalance of power. The power imbalance can be physical, where the bully is physically stronger than the victim. On the other hand, in adolescents with disorders and maladaptive behaviors in different environments, there are slight defects in the activity of neurotransmitters that started in the early stages of life and made them more vulnerable to the unfavorable environmental and family conditions they have. In this regard, neuropsychological function, which is considered one of the most effective processes of cognitive function, plays an effective role in curbing conduct disorder and aggressive behaviors along with adolescent bullying. Poor neurological performance is a precursor to future learning disabilities and behavioral disorders, which can manifest in parent-child conflicts or with peers in school environments. New findings support the use of neurological tests to distinguish between bullies and healthy people. Although there are contradictory findings in studies about the difference between bullies and healthy people. Psychological capital is one of the psychological indicators of positivism with characteristics such as a person's belief in his abilities to achieve success, persistence in pursuing goals, creating positive documents about himself, and tolerance. Making problems is defined. Having psychological capital enables people to cope better with stressful situations, to be less stressed, to be more resilient in the face of problems, to have a clear view of themselves, and less they are affected by daily events, so such people have higher psychological health. The tendency to bully has been investigated mostly from the perspective of environmental and educational factors. Factors such as the complexity of these disorders, their coexistence with other neurological disorders, increasing statistics in the field of bullying tendencies in students, loss of academic motivation, and also mental injuries, double the necessity of examining psychological variables related to it. And also, although various research has been conducted on the prevention of bullying and its effect on reducing physical and mental health, the tendency to bully remains one of the important problems in schools. Therefore, all those involved in education and training should make confronting bullying behaviors an important goal in education and training. Considering that bullying in school is a serious threat to the mental health of students and all those who are somehow involved in this issue, it is essential to conduct effective and serious research to prevent it. Given the above, the present study aims to answer the question, is the structural model of bullying tendency based on neurological function with the mediation of psychological capital in male students of the first secondary level of district 5 of Tehran suitable?

The current research method is correlational and structural equation modeling (SEM). The statistical population of the research was made up of all 560 male students of the first secondary school in the ninth grade in 28 non-profit schools in District 5 of Tehran in the academic year of 2019-2019. 240 people were selected as the sample size by the two-stage cluster method. The data collection tool was the Illinois Bullying Questionnaire (2001), Nejati Neurological Performance Questionnaire (2013), and Psychological Capital Questionnaire (2007). This research used SPSS22 and Amos 23 software to analyze the information obtained from structural regression equation modeling.

The results of the research showed that the path coefficient of neurocognitive function (β = -0.41, p = 0.001), and psychological capital (β = -0.39, p = 0.001) Bullying tendency is significant. Also, the indirect relationship between neurocognitive performance and bullying tendency through psychological capital is meaningful with β=-0.37 at a significance level of p≥0.01.

Therefore, by identifying and improving neuropsychological processes in students in line with parenting management training and providing a rich environment for students, it is possible to take an effective step in preventing bullying. In the above explanation, it can be stated that boys with a tendency to bully show poor performance in the mental processing of communication information and have defects in the quantity and quality of problem-solving strategies, and positive solutions are needed to solve social problems. They use less, which leads to the creation of interpersonal conflicts, generally confirming the Neuro-psychological theory centered on cognition and social behavior. A student with a tendency to bully shows poor performance in decoding and processing information, so the lack of this self-control ability leads to a biased cognitive style and in turn spreads misbehavior and conflicts. creates in different environments, in this way, these students are not able to name negative behaviors, they respond to hostile signs and symptoms more than neutral signs, and in choosing symptoms, they have a biased behavior they do, therefore, relatively, their efforts in curbing behavioral problems do not end in a helpful result. Also, in explaining the above findings, it can be stated that studies based on neuroimaging have suggested the involvement of subcortical and Thalamocortical processes in frontal networks. Under the influence of these findings, the relationship between the neurological pattern related to violence and bullying has been confirmed by neuropsychologists in the last few decades. Cognitive deficits and specific damage in attention and executive functions are the main hypotheses proposed in the field of this disorder.

Ensuring and maintaining the physical and mental health of students is important because mental disorders affect the academic process and lead students to academic failure. Psychological capital approaches and the mindfulness approach provide a practical and positive framework that helps to prevent and improve mental health.

The present study was conducted to compare the effectiveness of psychological capital and mindfulness training in improving the mental health of medical students at a military university in Tehran, Iran.

The current experimental research was conducted based on a pretest-posttest design with a control group and follow-up in 2021. The research sample consisted of 75 medical faculty students who were randomly selected on the basis of their years of study and were then randomly divided into two experimental groups and one control group (n=25 each). Mental health questionnaire was used to collect data, and the variance method (with repeated measurements) was used for data analysis to test the hypotheses at a significance level of P≤0.05.

The means of mental health of experimental and control groups were not significantly different in the pre-test; however, under the influence of psychological capital and mindfulness training in the post-test and follow-up were significantly different between the two mentioned groups (F=52.132, Eta=0.592, P<0.001). These results showed the effectiveness of the mentioned methods to improve mental health.

The findings of the present research indicated the effectiveness of group training in psychological capital and mindfulness on the improvement of mental health dimensions. Moreover, comparing the effectiveness of these two approaches on mental health dimensions showed the superiority of the mindfulness approach over psychological capital. Therefore, it is suggested that psychological capital and mindfulness group training programs be performed in educational centers, counseling and psychology centers, and medical and health centers to improve mental health.

The increasing importance of having capable employees in organizations to achieve the goals emphasizes the need to pay more attention to the psychological well-being of employees and the factors affecting it. This study aims to investigate the role of components of psychological capital and stress coping strategies in predicting the psychological well-being of employees of Hormozgan Gas Company.

This applied correlational study was conducted cross-sectionally and by cluster sampling method in 1400 on 130 personnel of Hormozgan Gas Company. In order to collect data, Lutans Psychological Capital Questionnaire (PCQ), Coping Inventory for Stressful Situations (CISS-21), and Reef Psychological Well-Being scale (RSPWB) were used. Then, the data were analyzed using SPSS-24 software and stepwise regression test.

The results of this study showed that there is a positive correlation between psychological well-being and psychological capital and problem-based coping strategies and a negative correlation between psychological well-being and emotion-centered coping strategy. The variables of hope, resilience, and emotion-based coping strategy have an effective predictive role on the psychological well-being index.

High resilience and hope and the use of problem-oriented coping styles predict higher psychological well-being of employees. Therefore, it is suggested that managers consider more educational programs to improve psychological capital, educate appropriate coping styles, and use more problem-solving strategies for employees, and strengthen resilience and hope in them.

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) are the most common diseases in societies and are associated with high mortality. The aim of this study was to investigate the structural pattern of psychological capital on self-care with the mediating role of self-compassion in patients with heart diseases.

The research method was a descriptive kind of structural equation modeling (SEM). The study population consisted of patients with heart diseases [ischemic heart disease (IHD) and congestive heart failure (CHF)] aged 25-70 years who referred to the educational-medical centers of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. From among them, 400 people were selected by convenience sampling method. Research instruments included Luthans Psychological Capital Questionnaire (PCQ), Neff Self-Compassion Scale, and Jarasma et al. Self-Care Behavior Questionnaire for Heart Failure Patients. Data were analyzed using SPSS software through Pearson correlation and simultaneous hierarchical regression.

According to the direct impact coefficient of β = 0.509, indirect impact coefficient of β = 0.046, direct critical value of t = 5.857, and indirect critical value of 0.051, the variable of self-compassion can explain the role of the mediating variable between the predictive variable of psychological capital and the criterion variable of self-care.

Self-compassion as a mediator in the relationship between psychological capital and self-care has an important role in improving the mental health of patients with heart diseases.

Positive psychology identifies the sum   of hope, resilience, optimism, and   self-efficacy as psychological   capital.   The   purpose   of   this   study   was   to   investigate   the effectiveness   of acceptance and commitment group therapy, reality therapy  and positive psychotherapy  on psychological   capital   and   excitement   style   of   people with multiple   sclerosis.   For   this purpose  60  volunteer  women  with  multiple  sclerosis were   selected  and  divided  randomly into   five   group   (acceptance   and   commitment, reality   therapy,   positive   psychotherapy, placebo   and   control)   and   were   evaluated in   psychological   capital   and   excitement   styles. Intervention   held   in   8   session, each   lasting   90   minutes   for   experimental   and   placebo groups.  at  the  end  of intervention  and  also  three  months  later  (follow-up  period),  all  groups were   reassessed with   questionnaire.   Data   was   analyzed   using   analysis   of   covariance combined with repeated measures.  The  result  of  this  study  showed  that  reality  therapy  and acceptance  and  commitment  therapy  were  increasing  psychological  capital  of  women with multiple  sclerosis,  but  positive  psychology  only  increased  resiliency  and  hope. Also  reality therapy   comparing   to   acceptance   and   commitment   therapy   and positive psychology   was more  successful  method  of  increasing  psychological  capital.  Result showed  that  all  method can  influence  emotional  expressiveness  styles  and  reality therapy  is  more  effective  than  the other  two  method  in  increasing  psychological capital.

Burnout is one of the occupational hazards that has been considered in recent years and as the main characteristic of job stress, it will have several adverse effects on the individual and the organization in which she works.

In terms of data collection, this research is among the descriptive researches of correlation and structural equation modeling (sem) and in terms of method, it is among the quantitative researches. The population of the present study consisted of all nurses of Imam Khomeini Hospital complex, their number was 1950 people. The sample size was calculated in each group of 300 people, of which a total of 600 people were randomly selected for each group of 300 people using stepwise cluster sampling method. In the present study, the Maslach burnout questionnaire (1993), the Lutans psychological capital questionnaire (2007), the Scorron and Freelander self-differentiation questionnaire (1998) and the Carroll Perception Questionnaire based on the Carol model (2001) were used. It was done using PLS and SPSS software.

Findings showed that the values ​​of descriptive statistics and central indicators such as mean, standard deviation, skewness and elongation, the higher the mean values ​​of variables with positive semantic load, show that the evaluation of the variable is in a more favorable and satisfactory situation. The higher the mean values ​​of the variables with negative semantic load, the more the evaluation of the variable is in an unfavorable situation. The results also showed that this effectiveness was significant at 95% confidence level (absolute value of t-statistic is greater than 1.96), so with 95% probability the researcher's claim was confirmed and showed that psychological capital and self-differentiation as Directly and mediated by the perception of social responsibility, it affects the burnout of nurses.

According to the research results, it is possible to reduce and improve burnout by interventions such as self-differentiation training, psychological capital, social responsibility perception, emotion management and emotion regulation for nurses.

With the advent of positive psychology, human capabilities and abilities has been the focus of psychology researchers. This research has been done for evaluation of the effectiveness of spiritual happiness training (based on Quran) on psychological capital & time perspective at Hazrat-e Masoumeh University students in Qom city.

This research was a quasi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test design with a control group. The statistical population of the study was all students of Hazrat Masoumeh University in 2019. A total of 30 volunteer students were randomly assigned to two experimental and control groups (each with 15 members). In the test group, spiritual happiness training (based on the Quran) was performed for eight sessions (90 minutes each session), but the control group did not receive any intervention. In this research, Psychological capital questionnaire (Luthans, 2006) and Time Perspective questionnaire (Zimbardo & Bouyd, 2006) were used for data gathering. Descriptive indicators and analysis of Covariance were used for analyze the data with using SPSS 21 software.

Ethical Considerations: 

The objectives of the study were explained to the participants and their oral verbal satisfaction was obtained.

The results showed that there is a significant difference between the post-test mean of the test and control groups in the variable of psychological capital (123±11/237) and positive past (23/733±6/963), negative past (7/065±18/266), pleasure present (36/533±4/983), fatalistic present (9/80±3/405) & Future (4/66±2/093) (P<0/000).

Spiritual happiness training )based on the Quran( is effective in increasing psychological capital and moderating students' time perspective.

Multiple sclerosis is an unpredictable life-altering disease gradually leading to disability. Improved quality of life could prevent the onset of disease attacks and progressive disability associatedwith physical illness. The objective of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of positive therapy on psychological capital and emotion expression styles among women with multiple sclerosis.

This study was of quasi-experimental design with pre-test, post-test, a 2-month follow-up, and a control group. Participants included 24 women with multiple sclerosis who were members of the MS Association of Tehran in 2019, selected via convenience sampling method and randomly assigned to two groups. The experimental group received eight 90-minute positive therapy sessions. In three steps, participants filled-out the Luthans Psychological Capital Questionnaire and the Amuns & King Ambiguity Questionnaire. The obtained data were analyzed using repeated-measures analysis of variance.

The mean (SD) resiliency and hope of the experimental group increased from 18.7 (3.5) and 20.0 (5.1) in the pre-test to 21.5 (2.6) and 22.5 (4.4) in the post-test, and 21.8 (4.0) and 22.7 (4.2) in the follow-up (P<0.05). The mean (SD) score of the control group did not differ in the pre-test, post-test and follow-up. The mean (SD) efficacy and optimism of the experimental group varied from 22.8 (6.9) and 22.9 (3.1) in the pre-test to 22.0 (5.9) and 22.3(3.6) in the post-test, and 22.0 (5.5) and 22.5 (3.9) in the follow-up (P<0.05); however, the difference was not statistically significant. The mean (SD) scores of the ambivalence of positive and negative emotion and expressing intimacy of the experimental group changed from 20.1 (3.0), 8.0 (1.6), and 16.5 (2.0) in the pre-test to 24.9 (4.2), 6.7 (1.4), and 19.9 (2.1) in the post-test, and 24.4 (3.8), 5.4 (1.8), and 21.0 (2.0) in the follow-up (P<0.001). The mean (SD) scores of the control group did not differ in the pre-test, post-test and follow-up.

Positive therapy increased the components of resilience and hope, but no significant change was observed in the components of self-efficacy and optimism among women with multiple sclerosis. Positive therapy increased ambivalence in expressing positive emotion and intimacy and decreased expression of negative emotion among women with multiple sclerosis

In sports management, managers face serious challenges, one of which is ignoring staff behaviors. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the role of employeeschr('39') psychological capital in impact of authentic leadership, work meaningfulness, and supportive organizational climate with job satisfaction.

The present study was performed by descriptive-correlation method. In order to select the sample, 300 people were selected from the staff of the Ministry of Sports and Youth based on Morganchr('39')s table. Research instruments include demographic questionnaire, "Psychological Capital Questionnaire", "Authentic Leadership Questionnaire", "Meaningful Work Questionnaire"; "Organizational Climate Questionnaire", and "Minnesota Job Satisfaction. Validity of measuring instruments using the method face, content validity index, content validity ratio and construct validity were evaluated using confirmatory factor analysis method, and the reliability was confirmed by internal consistency method by calculating the coefficient with Cronbachchr('39')s alpha coefficient. Data analysis was performed using LISREL 8, SPSS 24 and PLS version 3.2.2.

Psychological capital can the role of complete mediator in the relationship of authentic leadership (Zvalue=11.32; P>1.96); work meaningfulness (Zvalue = 15.28; P>1.96); supportive organizational climate (Z value=14.46; P >1.96) with job satisfaction.

Psychological capital mediating role in the relationship between the variables under study. It is suggested that managers use appropriate programs to change the psychological capital of employees to help them in case of problems, deficiencies and failures to be revived to ultimately ensure their job satisfaction.