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Application of plants and their compounds has long been significant in treating diseases mainly due to their natural potential and lower side effects than chemical drugs and presence of alkaloids, and polyphenols in their extract. Despite research carried out on the properties of such plants and popularity of blood diseases, few studies have been done on its effects on blood cells, thus, it was attempted for the first time to evaluate the effect of hydroalcoholic extract of the Pseudium guava leaf on blood cells in rats.

After extracting the leaves of guava plant, 40 adult male rats were divided into four groups. Which included control (cases with no treatment during the study) and experimental groups (cases receivied of hydroalcoholic extract of Psidium guava leaf, in different doses daily for 3 months). At the end of the test period, blood samples were counted.

The results of this study showed that the hydroalcoholic extract increased White Blood Cells and Red Blood Cells, but no significant change was observed. This increase in hematocrit was significant in the group receiving hydroalcoholic extract at a dose of 5000 mg/kg compared to the control group.

The results of the study had a positive effect on blood cells. Also, the lack of cytotoxicity with high doses of the extract of this plant means its safe use in traditional medicine.

Nowadays, with increasing use of silver nanoparticles in various products including consumption and medical appliances, it is necessary to consider toxicity of these nanoparticles for their safety issues. There are several routes for nanopraticles to enter the body. Some studies prove that the liver and kidney are two major organs for accumulation of nanoparticles. This study was designed to investigate the histopathological study of silver nanoparticles acute effects on liver, kidney with blood cells during oral administration in male mice (Mus musculus). A group of 45 male BALB/c mice (weighting 24.2±3.0 g) were randomly divided into three groups (two treatments and one control), each with 15 mice. Daily and at the same time, two silver nanoparticle groups were orally administered with 20 ppm and 50 ppm, but in control group, instead of silver nanopraticles, distilled water was used. Sampling was conducted on days 2, 7 and 14 of the experiment from the liver and kidney. With considering the blood cells, Hematoxilin and Eosing (H&E) staining protocol was used to pathological study of the specimens. The results showed that orally-administered silver nanoparticles can cause damage to hepatic and renal tissues. The liver injuries were vacuolated of cytoplasm, degeneration and cell necrosis accompanied with focal accumulation of swelling cells and congestion. Glomerulonephritis, tubular cell necrosis, presence of swelling cells with congestion were observed in the kidney. There were no significant differences between red blood cell counts, hemoglobin and hematocrit. However, white blood cell counts were significantly higher in treated groups with silver nanoparticles (50 ppm) compared with the control. This study suggests that liver and kidney are target organs for silver nanoparticles. Silver nanoparticles damage the mice’s liver and kidney, if eaten orally. The higher dose of silver nanoparticles (50 ppm) may cause severe injuries to hepatic and renal tissues. Furthermore, orally-administered silver nanoparticles lead to significant variation in white blood cell counts.

Ionizing radiation can cause irreversible damages in individuals who are somehow exposed to radiation. Counting blood cells (CBC) can be used as a criterion to reveal the extent of injury to the hematopoietic system by ionizing rays. The present study aimed at examining blood cells of the radiology staff in the radiology wards of Birjand hospitals in 2011. In this case-control study، 36 radiology staff of Birjand radiology wards (cases) and 36 individuals who worked in other wards and had nothing to do with radiation but were matched with the cases regarding intervening variables were assessed. Cell blood count was measured by means of sysmix machine. The obtained data was analysed at the significant level P= 0. 05 using SPSS (V. 16) using statistical tests independent-T، one-way variance، and Pearson’s correlation coefficient. The study population covered 18 males and 18 females. Mean white blood cells and monocytes in radiation personnel were lower compared to that of the control group. No significant correlation was observed between age، gender، educational level، and working record on hand with blood cell count، on the other. Regarding ever- increasing of ionizing radiation use in Medical Imaging، it is necessary to observe standards and more accurately in medical radiology centers، especially in nuclear medicine. Besides، the present study indicates that radiation exposure must seriously be followed up by authorities in charge.

All–trans retinoic acid (ATRA) has beneficial and teratogenicity effects when used in a variety conditions. The objectives of this study were to determine the effects of ATRA on the red blood cells (RBC) and platelets in rat's embryo. In this study Wistar rats were used. They were maintained on laboratory chow and tap water provided ad libitum. Adult virgin females (n = 10) were mated overnight with males of the same stock. A vaginal plug and smear observed, indicated day 0 of pregnancy. Single dose of 100 mg/kg of ATRA suspended in alcohol; corn oil (1:9) mixture and was given by oral intubations on the morning of gestation day (GD) 10 to experimental group. The control group was vehicle treated. The fetuses blood (controls and ATRA treated each, n= 23) were obtained directly from heart, as placental and mother circulation was continued and subsequently processed for staining (Gimsa) and followed by counting. The fetuse's blood cells were studied by light microscope and eyepiece (x40 for count, 100 for diameter. The number of RBC and also and platelets were significantly lower than those of control group (P<0.0001, P<0.04, respectively). There was no significant relationship between diameter of RBC in treated and control groups. The present data showed that ATRA may has negative effects on proliferation and maturation of erythroid cell and platelet progenitors, without having any deleterious effects on the dime nation of cells, probably via events involving activation or suppression of specific genes.