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Increasing age and the onset of middle age are associated with inevitable changes in cognitive abilities. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate the relationship between religious behavior and cognitive ability of middle-aged people with the mediation of Positive meta-emotions.

The design of the present research was a correlational description and the statistical pupulation included all the middle-aged people of Shiraz city in 1400, which 247 middle-aged people were selected by available sampling method. In order to collect information, religious behavior scale, cognitive ability questionnaire and positive meta-emotion scale were used, which were completed online and through virtual networks. Data were analyzed using correlation and path analysis in SPSS and AMOS software.

Religious behavior has a significant positive relationship with positive meta-emotion (p=0.001 and β=0.49). Also, positive meta-emotion has a positive and significant relationship with cognitive ability (p=0.001 and β=0.36). The path of direct relationship between religious behavior and cognitive ability was also significant (p=0.009 and β=0.26). Therefore, the results of the path analysis indicated that positive meta-emotion can play a mediating role in the relationship between religious behavior and cognitive ability.

Therefore, according to the results of the present study, by providing therapeutic interventions based on improving religious behavior and positive meta emotions, it is possible to increase the cognitive ability of middle-aged people and thus to prevent or control cognitive decline in middle life and elderly.

Cancer is considered to be one of the most important health and therapy issues in the world and in our country, especially among men, and is usually associated with significant clinical and psychological discomfort in the optimal use of coping strategies. The aim of this study was thus to analyze the structural model of spiritual health based on health anxiety, positive meta-emotion, pain self-efficacy mediated by the source of internal health control in men with cancer.

The research method is descriptive-correlational type of structural equation modeling. The statistical population consisted of men aged 45 to 65 years old with gastrointestinal cancers living in Golestan province in 1400. The sample size was estimated to be 230 people using Krejcie Morgan table. The convenience sampling method was used. The instruments of this research were in the form of questionnaires including health anxiety by Salkowski and Warwick (2002), metacognition and meta-emotion by Biro Montea (2010), pain self-efficacy by Nicholas (1980), spiritual health by Delman and Free (2004), source of health control by Wallston et al. 1978). To analyze the data, structural equation modeling technique was used in the LISREL8.71 software.

The results showed that health anxiety had a significant negative effect, and positive meta-emotion and self-efficacy had a significant positive effect on spiritual health (P <0.001). The source of internal health control mediated the effect of pain self-efficacy on spiritual health in a significant positive way (P <0.01). The source of internal health control has a negative effect on health anxiety and a significant positive effect on positive meta-emotion and pain self-efficacy (P <0.005).

The results of the present study support the hypothesis that health anxiety, positive meta-emotion, and pain self-efficacy are related to spiritual health and can affect spiritual health through the mediation of health control source.

Diabetes is one of the chronic multifactorial metabolic diseases that in addition to affecting the clinical condition of the individual, imposes a considerable cost on different countries around the world, including Iran. In this regard, the present study aimed to investigate the effect of dialectical behavior therapy and metacognitive psychotherapy on depression and fasting blood sugar in patients with type II diabetes.

The present applied clinical trial was conducted based on a pre-test post-test design with a control group. It should also be mentioned that the subjects of this study were followed up for three months. The participants were selected from the patients referring to Mashhad Diabetes Research Center, Mashhad, Iran. For the purposes of the study, the subjects were randomly divided into two experimental groups (n=40) and one control group (n=20). The collected data were analyzed and examined in SPSS software (version 21) using statistical tests.

Based on the findings, there was a significant difference between the mean value of intervention and control groups (P<0.05). In other words, dialectical behavior therapy and metacognitive psychotherapy significantly reduced depression and fasting blood sugar in patients with type II diabetes.

According to the results, it seems that dialectical behavior therapy and metacognitive psychotherapy can be used as effective psychological interventions to reduce depression in patients. However, it should be noted that further investigation is required in this regard.

Diabetes is the most common chronic metabolic disease, and diabetic patients are one of the main groups at risk for Corona disease. Health concern, psychological hardiness, and positive meta-worry are among anxiety-related factors. Therefore, the present study aimed to predict Coronavirus anxiety in diabetic patients based on health concern, psychological hardiness, and positive meta-worry.

The current study had a cross-sectional correlational design. The research population included diabetic patients in Ahvaz in 2020 among whom 500 cases were selected by voluntary sampling. Data collection tools were Coronavirus anxiety scale, Health Concern Questionnaire, psychological hardiness scale, and positive meta-worry scale. The obtained data were analyzed in SPSS software (version 24) using Pearson correlation coefficients and multiple regression.

As evidenced by the obtained results health concern (r=0/398) had a positive and significant relationship with Coronavirus anxiety in diabetic patients. On the other hand, psychological hardiness (r=-0/276) and positive meta-worry (r=-0/311) had a negative and significant relationship with their Coronavirus anxiety. Moreover, the variables of health concern, psychological hardiness, and positive meta-worry significantly could predict 26.5% of Coronavirus anxiety variance in diabetic patients, and health concern had a higher odds ratio (P<0.01).

Due to the ability of health concern, psychological hardiness, and positive meta-worry in predicting Coronavirus anxiety of diabetic patients, it is recommended to design some programs to reduce health concern and increase psychological hardiness and positive meta-worry and implement them using virtual and electronic workshops.

Nurses due to rotational shifts and job stress face to health problem and relationship with spouse, and of the ways to improve health and psychological characteristics is positive thinking training method. Therefore, this research aimed to determine the effect of positive thinking group training on psychological well-being, positive meta-emotion and couple relationship quality in nurses.

Present study was semi-experimental with a pre-test and post-test design with control group. The research population was female nurses of Shahid Mofatteh and 15 Khordad hospitals of Varamin city in the spring of 2019 year. The research sample was 30 persons who were selected by purposive sampling method and randomly assigned into two equal groups. The experimental group received 8 sessions of 90 minutes the positive thinking group training and the control group no received training. Data were collected by the questionnaires of psychological well-being, positive meta-emotion and couple relationship quality and in SPSS version 19 analyzed by multivariate analysis of covariance method.

The findings showed that in pre-test stage there was no significant difference between the groups in terms of psychological well-being, positive meta-emotion and couple relationship quality (P>0.05), but in post-test stage there was a significant difference between the groups in all three variables (P<0.001). In the other words, positive thinking group training led to significant increase the psychological well-being (F=129.645, P<0.001), positive meta-emotion (F=118.679, P<0.001) and couple relationship quality (F=112.320, P<0.001) in nurses.

The results indicated the effect of positive thinking group training on improving the psychological well-being, positive meta-emotion and couple relationship quality in nurses. Therefore, it is recommended to use positive thinking group training to improve the health-related characteristics, especially the psychological well-being, positive meta-emotion and couple relationship quality.

Elderly people get psychologically impaired for a variety of reasons including physical impairments, so the necessity of intervention to improve their mental well-being, positive meta emotion, and self-management seems essential. Consequently, this study aimed to determine the effectiveness of positivism training on mental well-being, positive meta emotion and self-management ability of elder women. The present study was quasi-experimental with pretest-posttest design and experimental and control groups. Statistical population of the study consisted of all elderly women attending nursing home in Tehran in 2019, 60 of whom were selected through convenience sampling method and were randomly divided into two experimental and control groups. The experimental group received 8 sessions of 75-minute positivism training and the control group did not receive any training. Also, samples were required to answer Keyes & Magyar-Moe’s subjective well-being questionnaire, Mitmansgruber et al. positive meta-emotion subscale and Schumans et al. self-management ability scale. Data were analyzed by SPSS software version 22 using one-way analysis of covariance. Results showed a significant difference between experimental and control groups in terms of subjective well-being, positive meta emotion and self-management ability. In other words, positivism training increased mental well-being, positive meta emotion and self-management ability in elder women (P<0.001). Based on the results, it is recommended that counselors and psychologists in nursing homes use positivism training along with other methods to improve mental well-being, positive meta emotion and self-management ability in elderly.

Considering to the growing Iran’s elderly population and their physical and psychological problems, investigation life expectancy and its related factors in elderly is necessary. As a result, present study aimed to investigate the role of loneliness and positive meta-emotion in predicting life expectancy of elderly men.

This was a descriptive correlational study. The research population was elderly men of Neyshabur’s Ali-ebn AbiTaleb’s elderly home in 2018 year. Sample size was calculated based on Cochran formula 132 people who after reviewing the inclusion criteria were selected by available sampling method. The research tools were the positive meta-emotion subscale and questionnaires of life expectancy and loneliness. Data were analyzed by methods of Pearson correlation and multiple regression with stepwise method in SPSS-23 software.

The findings showed that there was a negative and significant relationship between the loneliness with life expectancy of elderly men (r=-0/686) and a positive and significant relationship between the positive meta-emotion with their life expectancy (r=0/787). In addition, loneliness and positive meta-emotion significantly could predict 74/1 percent of variance of life expectancy of elderly men, who in this predicting the role of positive meta-emotion was higher than loneliness (P<0/01).

Based on the findings and importance of life expectancy, to elderly home officials and specialists recommended that for promote the life expectancy of elderly men increase their positive meta-emotion and decrease their loneliness, which for this purpose can be used from happy and diverse camps and talking and interacting with elderly.

Elderly is one of the most sensitive and important age groups of community and their psychological, cognitive and emotional health deserves attention. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of mindfulness and meta-emotions in predicting cognitive failures in elderly people. The method of this research was correlational- predictive. Statistical population comprised of all elderly people in Tehran in 2017. The sample of this study included 215 elderly who were selected by simple random sampling method from nursing homes and a two stage cluster sampling method from Parks in Tehran City. In order to gathering data Cognitive failures questionnaire (Broadbent, Cooper, FitzGerald & Parkes )Kentucky inventory mindfulness skill (Baer, Smith & Allen, 2004) and Meta-emotions scale (Mitmansgruber, Beck, Hofer & Schubler 2009) were used. In order to analyze data Pearson correlation coefficient and Multiple Regression method were employed. The results of Pearson correlation coefficient indicated that mindfulness had a significant negative correlation with cognitive failures. It was also found that positive meta- emotions had significant positive correlation with cognitive failures. And negative meta-emotions had significant negative correlation with cognitive failures. The results of regression analysis indicated that Mindfulness and negative meta-emotion can predict cognitive failures in the elderly. The results of the study showed that mindfulness and meta-emotions plays an effective role in explaining cognitive failures in the elderly.