جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "هیپرکلسترولمی" در نشریات گروه "پزشکی"

The risk of heart attack is increased three folds in hypercholesterolemia compared with normal blood lipids. On the one hand, decreasing cholesterol by 1%, declines the risks associated with coronary arteries by 2.3%. On the other hand, Anti-hyperlipidemic compounds alone cannot be used as an efficient therapy. However, numerous studies have shown that concurrent use of a healthy diet plan, physical activity (lifestyle), and herbal medicines to control hyperlipidemia can have positive effects in controlling hyperlipidemia. Thus, the first and most essential step to control and improve hypercholesterolemia is to modify lifestyle and observe the principles of health maintenance. Therefore, we decided to explain hypercholesterolemia through the Persian medicine standpoint in order to help prevent and treat hyperlipidemia and its complications.To obtain relevant information, the words hypercholesterolemia, Dohn Ad-dam, hepatic indigestion, visceral fat, fat, phlegm, and Dosoumat were searched in Persian medical sources and databases with several Persian and English keywords. Subsequently, data was categorized into definition, causes, symptoms and prognosis topics. Finally, the concepts of the study were extracted and reported. The results showed that hyperlipidemia and hypercholesterolemia are caused by an imbalance in humors and  accumulation of the humors in the spleen (Emtela) with consequent dysfunction of the spleen and liver. In most cases, the imbalance of humors is directly related to the lack of lifestyle management. Therefore, adhering to principles of health maintenance, can prevent many diseases, such as heart disease as one of the complications of hypercholesterolemia, and also help the process of treatment.

Thyroid hormones are one of the most important hormones affecting the bodychr('39')s metabolic function, so the treatment of hormonal disorders of this gland using low-risk drugs and methods such as exercise and herbal remedies is effective. Hence, the purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect. Interactive exercise and aniseed extract of Anvillea garcinii extract on Cholesterol and thyroid hormones in hypercholesterolemia rats.

This study is of experimental type and 40 male Wistar rats randomly were divided into five groups of eight, including healthy control group (Con), control hypercholesterolemia (Hc), anvil extract at a dose of 100 mg/kg, (Ext), training group (E ), Extract-exercise (E-Ext). Endurance exercise was performed for 8 weeks, 30 minutes and three sessions per week at a speed equivalent to 14-17 m/min. Then, the amount of biochemical factors including cholesterol, TSH, T3 and T4 was sampled and measured by the kit in order to determine the differences between groups ANOVA test used.

The results showed that the difference between the mean levels of cholesterol (p<0.0001), T4, T3 and TSH (p<0.0001) between the groups was significant. The results of Tukey post hoc test showed, the difference between cholesterol level in the extract-exercise group compared to the control of hypercholesterolemia (p<0.001) and extract (p<0.05) was also significant compared to the control group of hypercholesterolemia (p<0.008). Difference between T4 level in the extract group-exercise compared to hypercholesterolemia control, extract and exercise (p<0.001) and T3 level in the extract group exercise compared to hypercholesterolemia control (p<0.05), extract (p<0.0001) and exercise (p<0.05) were significant. The amount of TSH in the extract group of exercise compared to the control of hypercholesterolemia (p<0.001), extract (p<0.001) and exercise (p<0.05) and also the exercise group in relation to the extract (p<0.05) a significant increase was observed.

Consumption of plant extracts along with exercise have the best effect on cholesterol and thyroid hormones levels.

The present study aimed to compare the effects of three therapeutic methods (including herbal, atorvastatin, and exercise) on liver enzymes and lipid profiles in hypercholesterolemic rats.

A number of 32 male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to four groups (n=8), including hypercholesterolemia (Hc) control group, anvil extract at a dose of 100 mg/kg, (Ext), exercise (E), and atorvastatin (AT) at a dose 10 mg/kg. Endurance training, anvil extract, and atorvastatin were performed three sessions per week for 8 weeks. Thereafter, liver biochemical tests, including alkaline phosphatase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and lipid profiles were performed using a biochemical autoanalyzer (Ra-2000 made in USA) and the kits provided by Pars Azmun company. The data were analyzed in SPSS software using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukeychr('39')s test were used for data analysis.

The results of statistical analysis indicated that all variables (e.g., Alanine transaminase, Triglyceride, High-density lipoprotein (HDL), low-density lipoprotein (LDL), and very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL), except for ALT, AST, and cholesterol, were significant in all groups. The results of the statistical analysis demonstrated that triglycerides and VLDL significantly reduced in the atorvastatin and exercise groups, compared to the hypercholesterolemic control group. Furthermore, HDL had a significant increase in the exercise group, compared to the atorvastatin, extract, and control groups. In addition, LDL significantly decreased in the exercise group, compared to the atorvastatin group.

The results of the current study pointed to the similar effects of medication and exercise on the improvement of some lipid profiles. Nonetheless, exercise is advantageous over the use of medicine and herbal extracts due to the positive effects of exercise on the reduction of blood lipids and the absence of any side effects.

Atherosclerosis is a disease of the veins characterized by the deposition of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and total cholesterol on the inner wall of medium and large diameter arteries. The aim of this study was to compare the anti-sclerotic effect of hydroalcoholic extract of verbascum Thapsus, lemon juice, lemon peel and quinacrine on blood lipid concentration, C-reactive protein (CRP) and phospholipase A2 (PLA2) enzyme activity in male Wistar rats.

In this study, 25 male wistar rats were randomly divided into the control (n=5) and high fat diet groups (n=20). After 2 months of a high fat diet, rats with hypercholesterolemia were divided into 4 groups: receiving 2.5 ml/kg body weight lemon juice, 500 mg/kg body weight, lemon peel, 800 mg/kg body weight hydroalcoholic extract of verbascum thapsus and 6 mg/kg body weight Quinacrine and treated for one month. Finally, the effects of the drug and extracts on lipid profiles, PLA2 and CRP were evaluated in hypercholesterolemic rats.

The high-fat diet increased triglycerides, total cholesterol, and LDL levels and decreased high-density lipoprotein. Administration of hydroalcoholic extract of verbascum thapsus, lemon peel and juiceand quinacrine improved lipid status and decreased phospholipaseA2, CRP activity (P<0.05).

Treatment with hydroalcoholic extract of verbascum thapsus, lemon peel and juice and quinacrine can improve lipid concentrations, CRP and phospholipaseA2 activity.

Hypercholesterolemia is an independent risk factor for atherosclerosis that the use of medicinal plants with minimal side effects is very important in the treatment of it. In this study, comparative evaluation of the effect of hydroalcoholic extract and quercetin of Otostegia persica Boiss with atorvastatin on ABC A1 gene expression in hypercholesterolemic male Wistar rats was carried out. Forty male wistar rats with about 180gr weight randomly individed into five groups of eight: 3 experimental groups, 1 sham group and 1 control group. The experimental and sham groups received a high-fat diet with 2% cholesterol (through gavage) for 40 days. The experimental groups were treated (were fed) separately with 40 mg/kg/day atorvastatin, 25 mg/kg/day quercetin and 25 mg/kg/day hydroalcoholic extract of Otostegia persica Boiss for 28 days. Sham group received daily 1 mg/kg saline water during this period. In the end, the expression of ABC A1 gene was determined by Real-Time PCR in leukocytes and serum lipids were measured by photometric method. Ethical Considerations: This study with research ethics code B/29/5/1/1799 has been approved by committee for ethics in biomedical research at Kashan university of medical sciensec on July 31, 2016. The hydroalcoholic extract and quercetin of Otostegia persica Boiss and atorvastatin significantly increased ABC A1 gene expression in three experimental groups {(1.14 ± 0.09) ,(1.18 ± 0.03),(1.11 ± 0.03) respectively} realated to control group(1.00 ± 0.011) (p<0.05) and sham group(0.89 ± 0.03) (p<0.05). Quercetin also was more effective than atorvastatin in increasing of ABC A1 gene expression (p<0.05). Quercetin and hydroalcoholic extract of Otostegia persica Boiss have increased effect on ABC A1 gene expression in hypercholesterolemic male Wistar rats.

Introdution:. Increased plasma cholesterol causes hepatic damages through oxidative stress (OS) induction. There are many investigations about hawthorn effects on lipid reduction and atherosclerosis. The goal of current study was to determine the effects of hydro-alcoholic extract of Crataegus aronia fruit (HECA) and atorvastatin (AVS) on hypercholesterolemia-induced alterations in serum lipid profile and OS in hepatic tissue of female rats.
In this experimental study, 42 female rats were assigned into 7 groups including control, diet-induced hypercholesterolemia (DIH), DIH HECA (200 mg/kg/day; Per Oral (PO)), DIH HECA (400 mg/kg/day; PO), DIH AVS (10 mg/kg/day; PO), HECA (200 mg/kg/day; PO) and AVS (10 mg/kg/day; PO). After 30 days, blood and hepatic tissue samples were collected for biochemical and histological analyses. Data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey's statistical tests using SPSS software.
Hypercholesterolemia resulted in significant increases in levels of serum lipids, hepatic enzymes and malondialdehyde in hepatic tissue as well as reductions in total antioxidant capacity and catalase level in liver compared to control group. Moreover, DIH led to significant increases in diameters of hepatocytes and their nuclei along with inflammation and cellular necrosis in hepatic tissue. Administration of HECA and AVS significantly restored above-mentioned parameters compared to DIH group.
These findings suggest that HECA can play a protective role against hepatic damages in hypercholesterolemic female rats According to the results of this study, the prevalence of obesity is not high in female students (3 %), but it is necessary to pay particular attention to information on obesity and girl's sports in universities, so that the prevalence of this disease is not increased

Herbal remedies are used to treat hypercholesterolemia. In this study, the effect of AGSE on renal building changes and oxidative stress in hypercholesterolemic female rats was investigated.
In this experimental study, 30 female rats were randomly divided in 5 groups of 6 subjects. The control group was healthy with normal diet, the healthy group was treated with 500 mg / kg AGSE, two groups of mice after induction of hypercholesterolemia, 300 mg / kg and 500 mg / kg of AGSE were gavaged for 30 days. The fifth group was treated with normal water and diet after induction of hypercholesterolemia. At the end of the experiment period, weighed the rats and after weaning and blood collection, the left kidneys were weighed then placed into formalin 10%, and 5 micrometers were cut and stained with H & E histological studies. Oxidative stress parameters were measured in the right kidney and the biochemical parameters were measured in plasma. The collected data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA (ANOVA) and Tukey's test.
In hypercholesterolemic mice, the levels of cholesterol, triglyceride, malondialdehyde, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine and weight of mice increased significantly. However, the catalase and renal glomeruli were significantly decreased. While in AGSE-treated rats, these parameters were significantly improved.
The Seed Extract (AGSE) of Anethum graveolens L. with 500 mg / kg, in addition to preserving the structure of the kidney, can have a positive effect on the reduction of blood lipids and lipid peroxidation damage in the kidney in hypercholesterolemia conditions.

Medicinal plants have been used since ancient times to treat obesity, hyperlipidemia, and metabolic diseases. In the present research, the effect of extract of aerial parts of Salvia hydrangea on changes in body weight and liver and kidney function tests, were evaluated in hypercholesterolemia rats.
In this study, 40 male Wistar rats were assigned to 5 groups (n=8): Control group with normal diet, hyperlipidemia group with fatty diet, and hyperlipidemia experimental groups that, respectively, received, 100mg/kg (minimum dose), 200mg/kg (average dose), and 400mg/kg (maximum dose) of ethanol extract of Salvia hydrangeas by gavage. At the end of this period (35 days), blood sampling was performed to measure the levels of cholesterol, creatinine, blood urea nitrogen, bilirubin, albumin, total protein, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST(, and alkaline phosphatase (ALP). The data were analyzed using t-, one-way ANOVA, and Tukey tests. Level of significance was considered at p The levels of ALP, ALT, and cholesterol had a significant increase in the hypercholesterolemia group compared to the control group (p According to the results of this study, Salvia hydrangea extract can be effective in the improvement of fatty liver function by lowering the levels of cholesterol and liver enzymes. This role is likely due to antioxidant substances present in the extract, which inhibits the synthesis of cholesterol.

Capecitabine (Xeloda) is an orally administered pro-drug of 5-fluorouracil، which is used as chemotherapeutic agent. Some studies have raised concerns about the lipid profile changes following Xeloda. In this study we examined such probable changes in patients before and after receiving Xeloda. Lipid profile changes were measured before and after administration of Xeloda in 100 patients with gastrointestinal cancers. Serum levels of triglyceride، total cholesterol، low-density lipoprotein (LDL)، and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) were measure at baseline and 3 months after starting Xeloda. Hypertriglyceridemia was defined as serum triglyceride>200 mg/dl and hypercholesterolemia was defined as serum total cholesterol>200 mg/dl. A total of 64 male and 36 female patients with a mean age of 61. 11±12. 51 years (range: 31-68) were recruited. The mean serum level of triglyceride increased significantly from 148. 51±39. 28 mg/dl at baseline to 194. 17±78. 88 mg/dl 3 months after taking Xeloda (p<0. 001). Similar trends were observed for serum levels of total cholesterol (from 190. 29±51. 56 mg/dl to 197. 86±56. 44 mg/dl; p<0. 001) and HDL (from 44. 35±9. 94 mg/dl to 45. 94±9. 13 mg/dl; p=0. 001). Change of serum LDL was not significant (p=0. 10). We found that forty-two percent and 15% of patients developed hypertriglyceridemia and hypercholesterolemia 3 months after treatment، respectively. Xeloda increases serum levels of triglyceride، total cholesterol and HDL.

Thyroid hormones have a key role in regulation of metabolism and function of the tissues. This study was carried out to evaluate the effect of alcoholic extract of Portulaca Oleracea on serum level of thyroid hormones in hypercholestrolemic rats. In this experimental study, 60 adult male Wistar rats were randomly allocated into six groups including: control group with normal diet, fat diet group with high fat diet and interventional groups were received high fat diet and alcoholic extract of Portulaca Oleracea with maximum dose (800 mg/kg/bw), moderate dose (400 mg/kg/bw), minimum dose (200 mg/kg/bw) intraperitoneally for 21 days and finally, animals in atorvastatin group were received high fat diet with atorvastatin (10 mg/kg/bw, intraperitoneally) for 21 days. After the end of this period, T3, T4, TSH and total cholesterol measured for each animal. Serum level of T3 and T4 in the experimental groups which were received Portulaca Oleracea extract and atorvastatin group significantly increased in compared to controls (P<0.05). Serum level of TSH level significantly reduced in the experimental groups which were received Portulaca Oleracea extract and atorvastatin group in compared to controls (P<0.05). The serum total cholesterol level significantly reduced in the experimental groups which were received Portulaca Oleracea extract and atorvastatin group in compared to fat diet group (P<0.05). Portulaca Oleracea extract with increasing of secretion of thyroid hormone reduced the total cholesterol and TSH animals with hypercholesterolemia.

One of the risk factors for heart diseases is hyperlipidemia. Research has shown that the flavonoid and antioxidant are effective in removing hyperlipidemia. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of alcoholic extract of zataria multiflora with atorvastatin on blood lipid profile. 56 Wistar male rats were divided into 7 groups each of which included 8 animals which were treated for 4 weeks with 7 dieting systems. The groups were: Group 1 (Control I): Normal diet and unlimited water and food; Group 2: Daily normal food + 3g/kg corn oil as a means for cholesterol; Group 3 (Control II، hypercholestrolemia): Usual daily food + 2g/kg cholesterol dissolved in 3g/kg corn oil; Group 4: Treated like group 3 but with increased 10 mg/kg Atorvastatin as an anti-fat; Groups 5، 6، and 7: Treated like group 3 but received 100، 200 & 300 mg/kg Z. M. extract، respectively. After 4 weeks، and at the end of the experiment، following 14 hours of starvation، the rats got anesthesia with chloroform and the blood sample was taken from the heart. The blood was collected in test tubes and transferred to the laboratory. After determining the factors of TG، TC، LDL، VLDL & HDL، the data were analyzed with SPSS software employing ANOVA (F-test). It seems that corn oil and cholesterol increased the blood fat factors significantly. As was expected، Group 4 showed a reduction in these factors; Groups 5، 6 & 7، which received Z. M. extract، decreased the blood fat factors significantly، except that HDL increased significantly. Results of this study showed that the extract of Zataria multiflora has anti hyperlipidemia effects and can be used as a herbal medicine in controlling the blood cholesterol.

Nowadays، the effect of medicinal plants on the reduction of the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases and atherosclerosis has been confirmed. Liver phosphatidate phosphohydrolase (PAP) is a key regulatory enzyme in the glycerolipid metabolism. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of sesame oil on liver PAP activity، liver triglyceride، liver cholesterol and serum lipoprotein levels in hypercholesterolemic rabbits. In this experimental study 27 New Zealand rabbits were randomly assigned to 3 groups (n=9). Group1 (control) was fed with standard diet. Group II (hypercholesterolemic group) animals received hypercholesterolemic diet (1%) without treatment. Group III was fed with hypercholesterolemic diet (1%) plus sesame oil (5%). After two months، liver PAP activity، liver triglyceride and cholesterol content، serum lipoproteins and malondialdehyde، and antioxidant capacity were measured. One way ANOVA was used for analysis of the mean values of the variables and for pair-wise comparison of the groups we used Tukey’s test. Group III had a significant decrease (P< 0. 05) in the liver PAP activity compared to group II. In group II، consumption of the enriched cholesterol diet led to a significant elevation (P< 0. 05) in serum lipoproteins compared to group I (control). Also، sesame oil in group III decreased the serum lipoproteins، liver triglyceride، and liver cholesterol in comparison to group II (p<0. 05). However، a significant elevation (P< 0. 05) in serum antioxidant capacity and a significant reduction in malondialdehyde level occurred in group III compared to group II (P<0. 05). Sesame oil can be effective in reducing risk factors of cardiovascular diseases by decreasing serum lipids through making desirable alterations in serum lipoproteins. Also addition of sesame oil to hypercholesterolemic diets can reduce the liver PAP activity resulting in reduced liver triglyceride synthesis، which can decrease the risk of development of fatty liver in hypercholesterolemic diets.

Age-related macular degeneration is the most common cause of irreversible central visual loss in individuals over 50 years old. The aim of this study was to assess visual loss due to age-related macular degeneration and some of its associated risk factors. This case-control study was conducted on 150 patients with age-related macular degeneration and 150 controls، both aged over 50. A questionnaire on demographic and medical information was completed for each participant and an ophthalmological examination was performed. The results were recorded andthe data were analyzed using SPSS software version 16. Mean age of the subjects in the case and control groups was 78. 38 and 79. 28 years، respectively. In a multivariable model، hypertension (p=0. 003)، diabetes (p=0. 006)، light iris color (p=0. 05)، hypercholesterolemia (p=0. 036)، lens opacity (p=0. 029)، and previous cataract surgery (p=0. 029) were significantly associated with age-related macular degeneration. There was not a significant relationship between body mass index (p=0. 11) and refractory errors (p=0. 94) andage-related macular degeneration. Age-related macular degeneration is associated with hypertension، diabetes، hypercholesterolemia، light iris color، lens opacity، and previous cataract surgery.

One of usual medical procedure for prevention of cardiovascular diseases is using lipid lowering agents. Despite the side effects of these drugs, finding the plants with the same effect will be useful. The purpose of this study was to compare the effect of alcoholic extract of thymbra spicata with lavostatin on blood lipid profile. In this experimental study, 50 adult male Wistar rats (330±20 gr) were used. The rats were randomly divided into 5 groups of 10. Group one, two, three, four and five were fed with normal diet, high cholesterol diet (%1 cholesterol), high-cholesterol diet with lovastatin (10 mg/kg), normal diet with alcoholic extract of thymbra spicata (100mg/kg) and high-cholesterol diet plus alcoholic extract of thymbra spicata, respectively for one month by gavage method. Cholesterol serum concentration, LDL, VLDL, TG, HDL and CHO/HDL, TG/HDL, LDL/HDL were measured and compared for each animal to determine the blood lipid profile. The results of this study showed that using alcoholic extract of thymbra spicata alone (62.6±1.78) in compared to control group (71.93±1.64) caused a significant decrease in the serum level of cholesterol (p<0.001), TG (52.02±1.34 vs. 72.48±1.3) (p<0.001), LDL (6.79±1.58 vs. 16.66±1.73) (p<0.001), VLDL (10.36±1.15 vs. 14.27±0.48) (p<0.001), TG/HDL (0.98±0.04 vs. 1.74±0.1) (p<0.001), CHO/HDL (1.18±0.05 vs. 1.73±0.09) (p<0.001) and LDL/HDL (0.13±0.03 vs. 0.4±0.06) (p<0.001) while there was a significant increase in HDL level (53.8±1.52 vs. 41.61±2.61) (p<0.001). In between groups with high cholesterol diet, there was no significant difference between the groups received the extract of thymbra spicata and lovastatin. According to the results of this study, alcoholic extract of thymbra spicata not only improved lipid profile but also like lovastatin could lower blood lipids level.

Hypercholesterolemia is considered a major risk factor for pancreatitis, atherosclerosis and coronary heart disease. Cholesteryl ester transfer protein gene polymorphisms are known to be associated with changes in lipid levels. We investigated the association between a polymorphism in the CETP gene (D442G) with plasma lipid levels and CETP activity in patients with hypercholesterolemia. This case/control study that be done in Hamadan university of medical sciences (from October 2008 to September 2009), included 102 patients with hypercholesterolemia and 200 healthy individuals. Polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment length polymorphisms were used to determine genotypic distribution and allelic frequencies of polymorphisms. The plasma CETP activity was measured by a kit in a fluorescence spectrometer. Lipid concentrations were measured by routine biochemical and enzymatic assays. Plasma cholesteryl ester transfer protein activity was significantly higher in the cases than the controls (P<0.05). The genotypic and allelic frequencies for this polymorphism were not statistically different between the patients with hypercholesterolemia and the controls (in controls: DD 96%, DG 4%, GG 0% and in cases: DD 86%, DG 10%, GG 4%), (P>0.05). Plasma HDL-C, LDL-C and TC were higher in both groups with GG and DG genotypes than with DD genotype, whereas serum CETP activity was lower in GG genotype compared with other genotypes (GD or DD), (P<0.05). The results showed that D442G polymorphism of CETP gene was associated with changes in lipid profile and plasma CETP activity in the selected population and it might have a role in contributing to a genetic risk for developing coronary artery disease.

Atherosclerosis is the leading cause of cardiovascular diseases. The relationship between enhanced endothelial permeability and initiation or progression of atherosclerosis has been indicated in previous studies. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of iron (Fe) and vitamin E on endothelial permeability of aorta and coronary arteries in rabbits on a high-cholesterol diet. Thirty male rabbits were randomly divided into five groups of 6, namely control, hypercholesterolemic (HC), HC + Fe (50 mg/kg), HC + vitamin E (50 mg/kg), and HC + Fe + vitamin E. After 4 weeks, blood samples were taken and endothelial permeability was measured by Evans blue dye method. Administration of Fe and/or vitamin E improved serum lipid profile (P < 0.05). Administration of Fe could not change aortic endothelial permeability in hypercholesterolemic animals (P > 0.05). However, vitamin E reduced aortic endothelial permeability (P < 0.05). Fe and vitamin E did not alter coronary artery permeability (P > 0.05). It seems that the effects of Fe on atherosclerosis are not through the alteration of vascular permeability. However, reduced endothelial permeability may be a mechanism for beneficial effects of vitamin E on cardiovascular system.

Ocular hypertension (OHT) is the most common cause of primary open- angle glaucoma (POAG). High serum lipoproteins level may be a potential risk factor for progressing of OHT to glaucoma. The aim of this study was to compare serum lipoproteins level in patients with POAG. In this case-control study intraocular pressure was measured with Goldman contact tonometer in 50 patients with POAG and 50 patients with OHT. Retinal examination and primary were performed in all individuals. In both groups with intraocular pressure greater than 21 mmHg with normal optic nerve and primary findings were considered as OHT and those with at least 2 abnormal findings from the 3 criteria considered as POAG. We allocated only those patients who were open angle in gonioscopy. In each group total cholesterol, LDL, HDL and triglycerides were measured. Mean Serum triglyceride level POAG patients was 215.32 ± 44.28 mg/Dl and in OHT patients195.02 ± 42.63 mg/dL. The difference between these two groups was statistically significant (P=0.022). Mean Serum Cholesterol average was 245.88 ± 34.40 mg/dL in POAG and 231.42 ± 41.98 mg/dL in OHT patients. Serum Lipoproteins levels in POAG patients were more than OHT patients. Particularly hypercholesterolemia and hypertriglyceridemia may accelerate the progression of OHT to POAG.

Cardiovascular disease is the first and for most factor for mortality in adults and hypercholesterolemia (HC) is a susceptible agent for them. The main objective of this study is to determine the of prevalence of HC and some risk factors related to it in adults in Golestan province in 2006. This is a Crossectional-Descriptive study based on population and 1995 cases (997 men and 998 woman) between 25- 65 years old, were chosen by cluster and stratify sampling in Golestan adult population. We interviewed all the cases and determined anthropometric and biochemical indexes. Data was analyzed by SPSS.14 software. HC was defined as serum cholesterol levels over 200 mg/dl. Mean age was 39.2 year and mean ±SD of serum cholesterol in men and women was 196.7±39.11 and 209.4± 42.9 respectively. Prevalence of HC showed significant deference between men (44.7%) and women (57%) (P<0.05). There is a significant difference between age groups, region, physical activity and BMI in the mean value of serum cholesterol (P<0.01) but regarding economic status it is not significant. Prevalence of HC in abdominal obese and healthy group is 63.2% and 41% respectively and statistical difference is significant (P<0.05). The people of Golestan province consume fruits, vegetables and fish 4.84, 3.65 and 2 days in a week respectively and vegetable and fish are consumed more in HC group than in non- HC group. The consumption of hydrogenated oil, liquid oil and other type of oils is 85.4%, 14% and 0.7% respectively, and in HC people the intake of liquid oil is slightly higher than others, but statistical differences is not significant. HC is one of the most health problems in Golestan province and women suffer from it more then men. Life style and food behavior are two risk factors for it. Thereby correction of food and social behavior can decline incidence of cardiovascular disease.