کلسترول سرمی

Hypercholesterolemia is a risk factor for cardiovascular diseases. Several studies have shown that some lactobacillus strains can reduce cholesterol. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of Lactobacillus fermentum isolated from the traditional yogurt on body weight and lipid trends in rats fed with a high-fat diet.
Forty male rats (200±20 gr) were randomly divided into four groups. Rats in the first group received normal diet (N), the second group consumed normal diet with fermented milk containing L. fermentum (N-L), the third group received a high-fat diet to induce hypercholesterolemia (HF), and the fourth group were fed in a high-fat diet with fermented milk containing L. fermentum (HF-L). After 8 weeks, body weights and lipid metabolisms were measured.
Findings: In the rats fed with a high-fat diet of fermented milk containing L. fermentum (HF-L), serum total cholesterol, LDL-C, and triglycerides levels were significantly lower than that of the group fed with a high-fat diet without probiotic supplementation (HF), whereas the serum HDL-C level significantly increased (p 0.05). However, mean levels of serum cholesterol, LDL-C, triglycerides, and HDL-C were not markedly different among the N groups (N, N-L). Also, the gain in body weight of the HF group was significantly heavier than that of the HF-L group (p 0.01).
Discussion & This study suggests that consumption of milk fermented by L. fermentum improves serum lipid trends in rats by lowering serum total cholesterol, triglycerides, LDL-C levels, as well as by increasing HDL-C level. It also plays a role in the prevention of obesity induced by a high-fat diet.

Probiotics are live microorganisms that have positive effects on the host when consumed in sufficient amounts. According to several studies، probiotics have beneficial effects on prevention and treatment of many diseases. The aim of this study was to review animal and human studies on the role of probiotics in reducing serum cholesterol، their mechanisms of action، and a brief explanation of functional probiotic foods. This review article focused on all papers indexed in scientific databases from 2000 to 2012 using the related keywords، including cardiovascular diseases، probiotics، and serum cholesterol. Probiotics are used both in dairy and non-dairy products. Nowadays، the role of many probiotic strains in health is confirmed. From the studies done in this field، it can be inferred that probiotics through several mechanisms، such as binding cholesterol to cell walls of probiotics in intestine، conversion of cholesterol into coprostanol، production of short chain fatty acids، and deconjugation of bile acids، reduce serum cholesterol. Certain strains of probiotics have demonstrated cholesterol-lowering properties and others are under study. Further studies are needed to identify other mechanisms involved in lowering serum cholesterol and determine their safety