aristotle

The essence is a topological concept of understanding the nature of existence; Therefore, it has an effective role in the modern world. By analyzing this concept in Aristotle's philosophical model as well as the modern world, we see that in various fields such as; Philosophy, science and technology have functions, and these functions are the main achievement of this research, which the author has addressed in a completely analytical way. In general, these functions can be explained in three axes: first, understanding the basic principles of existence in the contemporary world, second, the determining role of essence in different aspects - whether it is in determining the nature of physical beings that are in the field of science or moral dilemmas - In a sense, the basic essence of reality. Third, understanding personal identity as well as developing and strengthening critical thinking skills in the contemporary world and helping to advance knowledge. However, although the Aristotelian essence is still playing a role in the modern world, but since the meaning of the essence may have limitations, because the society is always growing and evolving, therefore, the re-evaluation and analysis of this concept to adapt Complete with the changing landscape of the contemporary world, it is vital.

 One of the most important philosophical issues from ancient times to the present has been the issue of the senses. Ancient Greek philosophers, especially Plato and Aristotle, spoke extensively about the senses. In two Thesis Aristotle has explained the outward and inward perception of knowledge about the soul and the senses and the senses. Aristotle believes in the knowledge of the data of the apparent powers of the soul (sense of touch, sight, taste, hearing and taste) and it requires the coordination of sensory perception with reason. Among the perceptual powers of the soul, the common sense has a special status to which functions such as the perception of common and transcendent sensations and the recognition of aspects of the difference between objects and the perception of feeling are attributed to it. Although the topics of Aristotle's psychology have always been of special interest to thinkers, there are still questions about the relationship and interaction between the soul, the senses of appearance and common sense, and the power of thought, which can only be studied carefully by top.

 This article is written based on descriptive analytical method.

Ethical Considerations:

 From the beginning to the end of the article, the principle of honesty and trustworthiness has been observed.

The importance of the special place of sensory perception in creative knowledg and the communication and interaction between the ego, external senses and common sense and the intellect are among the achievements of this article.

 In this article, we have tried to introduce Aristotle's opinions with more order and accuracy and present the opinions of her commentators in a comprehensive manner at a glance.

The purpose of this research is to compare the meaning of life from the perspective of Arso and Islam. In Aristotle's thought system, the meaningfulness of life is connected with the concept of happiness or eudaimonia.

In this study, a descriptive analytical method with a documentary approach has been used.

Instead of being a mental state, eudaimonia is a part of human life that a person deserving of praise chooses for himself. From Aristotle's point of view, happiness is the virtuous activity of the wise soul in a perfect life. A life with good fortune is an active life, full of all good things and desirable in itself. According to Aristotle, the personal and the spiritual contexts are both effective in creating happiness and meaning in life. These fields include: the goodness of the soul such as moral and intellectual virtues and education. Physical virtues such as strength, health, beauty and healthy senses and external virtues such as wealth, good and faithful friends, good lineage, good children, inheritance and good reputation.

The religion of Islam provides a deep understanding of the world and man and considers man to be God's caliph on earth. Believing in this makes every moment of a person's life meaningful. On the other hand, Islamic teachings are such that it will cause peace and mental health. This issue is related to the meaning of life. One of the most basic teachings of Islam is the remembrance of God, and with the remembrance of God, peace of mind is provided at its highest level. And this has a great impact on giving meaning to life.

This study was conducted with the aim of conceptualizing open pedagogy in the thought and lifestyle of ancient philosophers and examining how it developed in the lives of societies of that time.

In terms of type of research is theoretical and qualitative research method is descriptiveanalytical. The statistical population, by the nature of the subject, includes all sources and documents related to open pedagogy and the educational perspective of ancient philosophers, including all electronic and written books, articles, magazines, sites and valid databases, dissertations and doctoral dissertations. The statistical sample is all available sources and documents related to the subject. The method of data collection is a library in which researchers have sufficiently studied and analyzed and filed all electronic and written books, articles, journals, sites and databases, dissertations and doctoral dissertations.

To answer the research question, the collected information was classified, analyzed and interpreted. From the collected information, 9 main categories: 1. Objective 2. Teacher 3. Student 4. Teaching method 5. Content and topic 6. Planning 7. School 8. Evaluation 9. Resources were extracted.

The results show that more of the sub-categories of purpose and teacher and a small number of sub-categories of student, teaching method, planning and school were in the educational perspectives and lifestyle of ancient philosophers and almost none of the sub-categories of subject and content were evaluation. And the sources were not in the educational views and lifestyles of the ancient philosophers.