bone neoplasm

Osteosarcoma (OS) is an uncommon bone cancer presented by tissue swelling and nonspecific bone pain. In case of distant metastasis, this malignancy commonly invades the lungs. Skip metastasis is an uncommon type of invasion originating from the malignant bone to adjoining bone tissues detected by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with high accuracy. Skip metastasis is an uncommon finding in plain radiography of osteosarcoma cases.

In the current study, we have reported a case of juvenile osteosarcoma with multi-focal skip metastasis, detected by simple plain radiography at first assessments. Further imaging and pathology assessment confirmed skip lesions in the background of high-grade chondroblastic osteosarcoma. Despite the recommendations, the patient and his legal guardian did not consent for further follow up and treatment.

Skip metastases are rarely diagnosed by plain radiography in OS cases. This condition is usually diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging. Here, we reported a neglected and late-diagnosed case of osteosarcoma with skip lesions in a young boy, simply detected by X-ray. The following article concentrates on the importance of detecting these metastases for their correlation with patient’s survival, and describes different imaging modalities for finding them.

Osteoblastoma (OSB) is an uncommon (3% of benign and 1% of all) primary bone neoplasm with extremely rare occurrence in head and neck, especially the maxillary bone region. OSB of the jaw mainly involves the mandible bone. We report a 10‑month‑old male who was admitted to the hospital because of a mass in the right maxillary jaw region. Clinicoradiopathologic features of the patient have been described. The histological examinations revealed OSB of the maxillary bone. Total surgical resection of the tumor was performed with 10 months of follow‑up and there is no evidence of recurrence. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first report of maxillary OSB in an infant.

Giant cell tumor (GCT) is a benign primary bone neoplasm that usually occurre in the long bones. The skull is affected in only 1% of cases, predominantly in the sphenoid and temporal bones. Maxillary sinus involvement is exceedingly rare. The case is a 26 year-old man presented with history of gradually increasing swelling in the right side of face without any history of trauma or systemic disorders. Based on history, clinical examination and paraclinical finding biopsy was done and pathology report was giant cell lesion.

Desmoplastic fibroma (DF) is a rare and locally aggressive intraosseous tumor with unknown etiology. The mandible is the common site of involvement in the maxillofacial region. However, it is believed that DF can arise in any bone of the body. A wide age distribution has been reported for DF occurrence, extending from birth to the sixth decade of life, with a peak incidence at 10 to 19 years of age. In this study, diagnostic and therapeutic management of a 6-year-old girl with a desmoplastic fibroma of the inferior orbital rim and zygomatic buttress are discussed. Cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) revealed a mixed lesion in infraorbital rim, which had ill-defined borders and a straight thick bony septum inside the lesion. It also involved the zygomatic process of maxilla and zygomatic bone. According to radiologic concepts, this rare lesion may mimic fibro-osseous, benign and especially malignant lesions. Regarding different treatment plans, identification of this lesion is essential. Furthermore, presence of coarse and irregular or straight septa along with some imaging criteria for malignant lesions such as destruction of the cortex, periosteal reaction and soft tissue invasion would be helpful to differentiate this lesion from malignant and multilocular benign lesions..

There are a few case series of giant cell tumor (GCT) in the spine and sacrum. GCT in the thoracic vertebrae is even more exceptional in the medical literature. In this article we report a GCT in a 25-year-old male who presented with progressive back pain and dyspnea. On contrast-enhanced multidetector computer tomography, a large heterogeneously enhancible posterior mediastinal mass was detected with adjacent bony erosion and right main bronchus narrowing. At surgery, resection of large posterior mediastinal mass and curettage of adjacent body vertebrae with stabilization were performed. The final histological examination revealed that these findings were compatible with GCT from thoracic body vertebra.