جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « conjoined twins » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Background &  There is a well-established link between multiple pregnancies and assisted reproductive techniques (ARTs). Increased maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality are directly related to multiple pregnancies. The purpose of the current study is to examine the effects of multiple pregnancies on women using various reproductive techniques.Materials &  This study used a comparative-analytical approach. We assessed a cohort of 130 pregnant women of which 120 had twins and 10 had triplets. In vitro fertilization and embryo transfer (IVF-ET) were performed on 62.0% of women, while 6.0% had ovulation induction. Using ultrasound examination, twin and triplet pregnancies were found in 92% and 8%, respectively. Our results show that 11% of women experience the physiological course of pregnancy with multiple pregnancies. Pregnancy concludes in the delivery of twins only in 50% of patients with multiple pregnancies diagnosed by ultrasound examination before 10 weeks. It was found that 46% of births in women carrying multiple pregnancies happened prematurely after studying more than 100 births. Of these, 6% occurred before 28 weeks, 20% between 29 and 34 weeks, and 20% between 35 and 37 weeks. Preeclampsia and placental insufficiency are more likely to occur in multiple pregnancies than in single pregnancies. As a result, at the beginning of the second trimester, all preventative measures should be implemented. Although abdominal delivery is not the preferred option for multiple pregnancies, there is a need to increase the indications for surgical delivery for the benefit of the fetuses.

Conjoined twins (CTs) are rare complications of monozygotic twinning. Cephalothoracopagus is the rarest subtype of CTs and occurs once in every 58 sets of conjoined twins or once in every three million births. Here we present such a case and analyze the possible reasons for ultrasonographic misdiagnosis and recommend solutions to avoid it.

Case Report:

 In this article, we have reported a case of Cephalothoracopagus Janiceps twining. The ultrasonographic diagnosis was missed at 7 and 12 weeks scans. Increased thickness of nuchal translucency and absent nasal bone was observed alongside with suspected gastroschisis. The patient was referred for further evaluation at 13-14 weeks of pregnancy. Unexpectedly, two alive fetuses were reported fused in the head, thorax, and abdomen. Because of the poor prognosis, counseling was provided for parents and elective medical pregnancy termination was carried out. We have analyzed the possible reasons for ultrasonographic misdiagnosis.

Without applying a standardized scanning of the entire uterus both in a longitudinal and transverse approach in early pregnancy, cephalothoracopagus twining may be misdiagnosed with a singleton pregnancy. A high level of concerns may raise for conjoined cephalothoracopagus twinning in case of finding a single fetal pole with an irregular body outline and a disproportionally large head in the presence of two separate fetal hearts in early pregnancy. Two fused heads with two brains and two sets of lower and upper extremities do confirm the diagnosis.

Monozygotic monochorionic triplet pregnancy with conjoined twins is a very rare condition and is associated with many complications. Case: In this study, we describe a monochorionic–diamniotic triplet pregnancy after in vitro fertilization with an intracytoplasmic sperm injection. At a gestational age of 6 weeks and 4 days of pregnancy one gestational sac was observed, and at a gestational age of 12 weeks and 2 days, triplets with conjoined twins were diagnosed. After consulting with the parents, they chose fetal reduction of the conjoined twins. Selective feticide was successfully performed by radiofrequency ablation at 16 weeks of pregnancy. Unfortunately, the day after the procedure, the membrane ruptured, and 1 week later, all fetuses and placenta were spontaneously aborted.

Monochorionic triplet pregnancy with conjoined twins is very rare. These pregnancies are associated with very serious complications. Intra cytoplasmic sperm injection increases the rate of monozygotic twinning and conjoined twins. Counseling with parents before IVF is very important.

Conjoined twins are complicated and unusual form of monozygotic twins. We present early prenatal diagnosis of three cases of conjoined twins by 2-dimensional (2D) ultrasound between 9-10 weeks of gestation. In the first case, we prenatally diagnosed parapagus dicephalus dibrachus dipus with 2- dimensional ultrasound at gestational age of 10 weeks 4 days. In the second case, we detected parapagus dicephalus at the 10 weeks 2 days gestation. In the third case, we diagnosed thoracopagus at the 9 weeks 6 days of gestation, using 2D ultrasound. After proper counselling, all of the patients opted early pregnancy termination due to the poor prognosis of conjoined twins. Early prenatal detection of conjoined twinning is important for the gestational course. Conjoined twinning could be identified in early first trimester with cautious and comprehensive view by experienced sonographers. Early and accurate prenatal diagnosis of conjoined twinning allows preferable counselling of the parents and gives a chance for early termination of pregnancy.

Conjoined twins, was a known type of birth in antiquity. It was mentioned in manuscripts and depicted in terracotta figurines and vase paintings. Such findings were discovered in a variety of territories. Religion, local cult, and simple iconography of a known phenomenon create a debate among scholars to annotate their discovery. Gods and goddesses, magic figurines, sacred marriage, a binary hypostasis, or just Conjoined twins?

Dicephalic parapagus tribrachius conjoined twin is a very rare condition.We present a case of 5-days-old male dicephalic parapagus conjoined twins. The conjoined twins were diagnosed in 4th month of pregnancy by ultrasonography. The pregnancy terminates at 36 weeks by cesarean section and triplets were born. The babies were male conjoined twins and another healthy male baby. Many congenital defects of interest can now be detected before birth. Sever form of this malformation precludes postpartum life. It is supposed that with advances in screening methods for prenatal diagnosis these cases are terminated in first or second trimester of pregnancy.