cpitn

Oral and dental health is crucial to public health. The primary indices used to assess oral and dental health are DMFT and CPITN indices. This study aimed to evaluate the oral and dental health status of 11 to 13-year-old students in Mashhad City and its relationship with their water consumption and other related factors.  This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted in 2021 on 1,232 students. Sampling was done from all hand-dug wells, semi-deep wells, deep wells, and qanats (underground channels) in the Mashhad region in 2021. All drinking water parameters were measured according to the standards outlined in "Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater." Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 20. The mean DMFT index among Mashhad students was 0.98. The average fluoride content in drinking water was 0.38 milligrams per liter(mg/L), lower than the permissible fluoride level in drinking water. According to the relevant statistical tests, there was a significant relationship (p<0.05) between the DMFT index and daily water consumption, fluoride content in drinking water, and daily flossing. Furthermore, a significant relationship (p<0.05) was found between the CPITN index and toothbrush usage.     Given the significant association between fluoride content in drinking water and daily flossing with the DMFT index, it is essential to maintain fluoride levels in drinking water within the standard range. Moreover, oral health care practices, such as flossing and toothbrushing, should be taught to students.

Oral and dental health is one of the most important health indicators in the society. Decayed Missing Filled Teeth (DMFT) index and Community Periodontal) Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN) are the most important indicators used in oral health evaluation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the oral health status of 12-years-old students of Gonabad and Bejestan and its relationship with their drinking water and some related factors. This cross-sectional analytical study was performed on 760, 12 years old students of Gonabad and Bejestan in during the educational years of 2018- 2019. Demographic information, eating and drinking and health habits were collected by a questionnaire and oral health status was recorded in a checklist by a clinical examination. Fluoride and calcium parameters of drinking water were measured 2351 and 8652, according to the standard of Iranian Institute of Standards and Industrial Research.Data were analyzed by SPSS softwareV.20. The mean DMFT index of students in Gonabad and Bejestan were 0.89±1/26 and 0.86±1/12.The mean drinking water fluoride of Gonabad and Bejestan were 0.39±0/298 mg/L and 0.21±0/042 mg/L. The mean calcium of drinking water in Gonabad and Bejestan were 12.86±9/42 mg/L and 10.26±1/07 mg/L. According to the statistical tests, there was a significant relationship between DMFT index and amount of drinking water per day, drinking water fluoride and dental floss usage (P-value <0/05(.There was also a significant relationship between CPITN with toothbrush (P-value <0/05). As drinking water fluoride and dental floss that among the day are associated DMFT index, drinking water fluoride should be kept within the standard range and oral health care techniques such as using toothbrush and dental floss must be taught to students.

Due to the increasing number of elderly population in recent years and considering oral health is an integral part of public health, the aim of the present study is the evaluation of oral health of elderly referring to Khatam ol Anbia clinic in Yazd in 2014.
In this cross-sectional study, 251 patients aged over 60 were selected randomly. Demographic characteristics, condition of teeth and periodontium were recorded. Data were analyzed using SPSS.16, Mann-Whitney test, Chi-Square test and Kruskal–Wallis.
Among 251 elderly patients studied, 74 patients were (29.5%) men and 177 (70.5%) women with a mean age of 76.39± 9.98 (age range 61 to 102 years). Mean DMFT was 26.69±3.18 (8 to 28). There was no statistical relationship between DMFT index and demographic variables except age. There were statistical relationships between CPITN, sex (p=0.000), smoking (p=0.009) and age (p=0.000).
The results of this study showed that elderly patients are not in a good condition by the aspect of dental and periodontal status, so it is important to arrange more educational and therapeutic programs for this group.

Epidemiological data are needed because of the importance of health system planning, implementation and evaluation of periodontal status and treatment needs of patients undergoing hemodialysis. This study was conducted in Yazd using CPITN index. The aim of the present study was to determine the periodontal treatment needs of hemodialytic patients in Yazd and provide information of certain diseases and health promotion to practitioners and healthcare providers. In this descriptive study, 100 persons in two groups of 50 hemodialytic patients and 50 healthy subjects were selected. Two groups were matched for age and sex and also provided with necessary training and asked for cooperation. Questionnaires prepared for this purpose were completed for each participant. CPITN index using WHO probe were assessed in patients. Findings showed significant relationship between periodontal status, age and education factors. The present study indicates that gingival disease is very common in the dialysis population. Therefore, special considerations in periodontal therapy are needed and these people should take regular examinations for their treatment plan.

Statement of Problem: Hemodialytic patients may be exposed to periodontal diseases during treatment. No information of any kind is available regarding the periodontal treatment needs of such patients. The aim of the present study was to determine the periodontal treatment needs of hemodialytic patients, living in Tehran, to be presented to the public health system. In this descriptive study using CPITN index 75 patients according to multi-stage sampling method and in proportion to the number of patients in Tehran were selected. Following necessary training, qualified subjects were chosen and a special questionnaire was completed for each using personal protection, CPITN index, by WHO prob, was examined and numbered according to (0-4) codes. The findings showed that 10.6% of the patients had normal periodontal status (Code-0), 12% of the patients had bleeding upon probing (code-1), 21.4% had calculus (Code-2), 21% of the patients had shallow pockets (Code-3) and 24% had deep pockets. It was also shown that 89.4% of the patients needed oral hygiene instruction, 77.4% needed scaling and 24% required advanced periodontal treatments whereas only 10.6% did not need any treatment. No statistically significant relationship was found between periodontal status and factors such as age, sex, the history of hemodialysis treatment and level of patients’ education.