decision

In the ever-evolving healthcare landscape, nurses are at the forefront of patient care. Nurses’ procedural skills are the lifeblood of quality care. Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a useful game changer that can change how we approach nursing practice. This scoping review of reviews was conducted with the aim of determining the potential of AI in improving nurses’ clinical, educational, decision-making, informational, and research skills.

Eight electronic databases (PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, CINAHL, ProQuest, Microsoft Academic, and OpenGrey) were searched to find all studies (peer-reviewed and grey literature) published up to September 2024 using the keywords AI, nursing skills, and related terms. The Google Scholar search engine was used to find relevant sources and complete the search coverage. Data collected from included studies on each role that AI could play in nurses' skills were analyzed using narrative methods.

finally, thirty review studies were included. Accordingly, AI has a beneficial effect on six main themes (education, decision, clinical practice, research, information, and psychiatric nursing) and thirty-three subthemes.

The results of our study showed that AI plays a fundamental role in improving the clinical, educational, decision-making, informational, and research skills of nurses. The integration of AI technologies not only fosters better patient outcomes but also equips nurses with the tools necessary for continuous professional development and efficiency. Future research should continue to explore specific applications and address any barriers to implementation to fully realize the benefits AI can bring to the nursing profession.

The most important reasons for choosing cesarean include negative attitude of pregnant women toward natural childbirth, and it is not easy for many women to make a decision about the choice of delivery, Midwives as responsible individuals, play an important role in providing maternal counseling and care during pregnancy and childbirth and the postpartum period. This study was carried out to determine the effect of individual counseling on attitudes and decisional conflict in the choice of delivery among nulliparous women.

This clinical trial was performed on 90 nulliparous women with 28–30 weeks of gestational age, who were referred to health‑care centers in Mashhad. They were divided randomly into intervention and control groups. The intervention group received the counseling program individually during three sessions, while the control group received routine care, childbirth attitudes, and decisional conflict on choice of delivery were compared on women of 34–36 weeks of pregnancy. Data collection tools included demographic details form, Childbirth Attitudes Scale and Decisional Conflict Scale; data were analyzed using Chi‑square tests, Fisher’s exact test, Mann–Whitney test, t‑test, parried t‑test, and ANCOVA in SPSS v. 16, and P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

After consultation, there was a significant difference in attitude score between the intervention group (86.577 ± 13.531) and the control group (69.955 ± 19.858) (P < 0.001), And there was a significant difference in decisional conflict score between the intervention group (0.614 ± 0.626) and the control group (1.216 ± 0.949) (P < 0.001), and there were significant differences between the two groups in terms of preferred delivery (P < 0.001).

According to the results of this randomized control trial, individual counseling in nulliparous women during pregnancy leads to a positive attitude toward natural childbirth, informed decision‑making, and increase in the selection of natural childbirth.

  Currently, becoming beautiful is a value among Iranian society, although experts have suggested several complications of cosmetic surgery, but decision to have these surgeries has been dramatically increased in recent years. This increase has imposed high workload and costs on the health care system of the country. This study was conducted to explore the reasons why people perform cosmetic surgery in an Iranian context. Twenty-one subjects from both sexes who were 22-52 year-old and had undergone face plastic surgery between 1-5 years ago were enrolled and semi-structured data was collected via open interviews, while qualitative content were analyzed utilizing conventional analysis methods. Data analysis considered the theme “my face, my destiny” which contained 2 subcategories of “obtaining a chance for a better life “and” obtaining acceptance in society”. The participants considered cosmetic surgery as a blessing from God that played a major role in their future, so they accepted the risks of the surgery. Understanding experiences of these individuals may help health care team particularly nurses to consult them and other individuals who might think about doing cosmetic surgery through education to help them make a better decision for to do cosmetic surgery.

Selecting the appropriate method for analysis of accidents is an important phase in accident investigation, due to the varieties of factors affecting the selection process, varieties of accident analysis methods, and their specific strengths and weaknesses.
This study was carried out with aim of determining the important criteria that accident analysis methods should have and selecting the optimal method for analysis of accidents in the Iranian oil industry.
The fuzzy analytical network process (FANP) technique was used to address the relative importance of the evaluation criteria and sub-criteria (pair-wise comparisons of criteria was carried out by oil industry safety expert) for selecting accident analysis methods. Fuzzy TOPSIS (technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solution) were used for accident analysis methods prioritizing and ranking (methods was scored by occupational health post-graduate students).
Results indicated that the multiple levels cause identification capability and provides solution are the most and least important criteria in comparison with the other criteria for selecting accident analysis method, respectively. Based on the studied criteria, it was concluded that tripod beta (CCi = 0.303) can be used as an optimal method for accident analysis in oil industry.
The present study found that Tripod beta has a greater ability to analyze oil industry accidents compared with the other methods under consideration. However, it has limitations, which can be addressed by other methods.

This study was done to investigate female heads of household’s decision-making process for remarriage and its barriers. Since an important part of these women’s life was not researchable through questionnaires and details of their life would be omitted, it's felt the need to do qualitative work; therefore, it's a qualitative study by narrative analysis strategy in which we used both thematic analysis and structural analysis by using semi-structured interviews with 9 women in Gonabad. The results of this study showed these persons strongly felt the lack of husband due to the variety of needs, but barriers to remarriage have a deterrent role in the final decision to remarriage and this structural pressure is to the extent that put women in conflict for making final decision and this conflict will increase over time. In the final, 9 of them had feeling the need, tending to remarry, social perceptions, expectations originated from emotions, expectations originated from position, subjective norms and evaluating and expecting benefits.

In their 2017 article, Mannion and Exworthy provide a thoughtful and theory-based analysis of two parallel trends in modern healthcare systems and their competing and conflicting logics: standardization and customization. This commentary further discusses the challenge of treatment decision-making in times of evidence-based medicine (EBM), shared decision-making and personalized medicine. From the perspective of systems theory, we propose the concept of individualized standardization as a solution to the problem. According to this concept, standardization is conceptualized as a guiding framework leaving room for individualization in the patient physician interaction. The theoretical background is the concept of context management according to systems theory. Moreover, the comment suggests multidisciplinary teams as a possible solution for the integration of standardization and individualization, using the example of multidisciplinary tumor conferences and highlighting its limitations. The comment also supports the authors’ statement of the patient as co-producer and introduces the idea that the competing logics of standardization and individualization are a matter of perspective on macro, meso and micro levels.

Context: Disasters are increasing worldwide, with more devastating effects than ever before. Hospitals must maintain their normal functions or have an evacuation plan due to the rate of damages at the time of a sudden disaster. The present study was conducted to determine the effective determinants and components in hospital evacuation decision- making.
Evidence Acquisition: In this systematic review study, which was conducted in 2016, bibliographies, citation databases, and other available records such as international guidelines, documents and reports of organizations and academic dissertations were used to find an answer to the following question: What are the effective components in hospital evacuation decision- making? Finally, 34 articles were included in this systematic review. This systematic review article was checked with PRISMA checklist.
The common factors affecting hospital emergency evacuation decision-making were classified into 4 general categories and 40 subcategories, which have been explored during thematic analysis. These 4 categories included hospital infrastructure consequences, threat, internal factors, and external factors. Level of risk was the most important component of threat category and it was mentioned in most of the reviewed literature. Loss of electricity and water, communication and transportation, resources such as staff, and removing patient devices were the most mentioned factors in hospital infrastructure consequences, external factors, and internal factors, respectively.
Different variables affect the process of hospital emergency evacuation decision-making. Thus, further studies are needed to develop a decision-making tool for hospital emergency evacuations in Iran.

Decentralisation has been described as an empty concept that lacks clarity. Yet there is an enduring interest in the process of decentralisation within health systems and public services more generally. Many claims about the benefits of decentralisation are not supported by evidence. It may be useful as an organising framework for analysis of health systems but in this context it lacks conceptual clarity and particularly often ignores level context issues given the focus on a principal-agent/vertical centre/local axis or other aspects of limits on autonomy such as standards for professional practice. Both these aspects are relevant in discussing the establishment of “decentralised” health centres in Fiji. In the end decentralisation may be nothing more than a useful descriptive label that can be used in an increasingly wide range of ways but actually have little meaning in practice as an analytical concept.

The aim of the current review wasto study the existing knowledge about decision-making and to identify and describe validated training tools.A comprehensive literature review was conducted by using the following keywords: decision-making, emergencies, disasters, crisis management, training, exercises, simulation, validated, real-time, command and control, communication, collaboration, and multi-disciplinary in combination or as an isolated word. Two validated training systems developed in Sweden, 3 level collaboration (3LC) and MacSim, were identified and studied in light of the literature review in order to identify how decision-making can be trained. The training models fulfilled six of the eight identified characteristics of training for decision-making.Based on the results, these training models contained methods suitable to train for decision-making.

Priority setting of health interventions is generally considered as a valuable approach to support low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) in their strive for universal health coverage (UHC). However, present initiatives on priority setting are mainly geared towards the development of more cost-effectiveness information, and this evidence does not sufficiently support countries to make optimal choices. The reason is that priority setting is in reality a value-laden political process in which multiple criteria beyond cost-effectiveness are important, and stakeholders often justifiably disagree about the relative importance of these criteria. Here, we propose the use of ‘evidence-informed deliberative processes’ as an approach that does explicitly recognise priority setting as a political process and an intrinsically complex task. In these processes, deliberation between stakeholders is crucial to identify, reflect and learn about the meaning and importance of values, informed by evidence on these values. Such processes then result in the use of a broader range of explicit criteria that can be seen as the product of both international learning (‘core’ criteria, which include eg, cost-effectiveness, priority to the worse off, and financial protection) and learning among local stakeholders (‘contextual’ criteria). We believe that, with these evidence-informed deliberative processes in place, priority setting can provide a more meaningful contribution to achieving UHC.

Factors that influence men’s childbearing intentions have been relatively unexplored in the literature.

This study aimed to determine the influencing factors about the first childbearing timing decisions of men.

In this cross-sectional study, 300 men who were referred to private and governmental healthcare centers in Shahrood, Iran were randomly recruited from April to September 2014. Data were collected using a demographic questionnaire, the Quality of Life Questionnaire; ENRICH Marital Satisfaction Questionnaire, Synder’s Hope Scale, and the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support.

After removing the statistically insignificant paths, men’s age at marriage had the highest direct effect (β=0.86) on their first childbearing decision. Marital satisfaction (β=-0.09), social support (β=0.06), economic status (β=0.06), and quality of life (β=-0.08) were other effective factors on men’s first childbearing decisions. Moreover, marital satisfaction and social support had significant indirect effects on men’s childbearing decisions (β=-0.04 and -0.01, respectively).

Many factors, including personal factors (age at marriage and quality of life), family factors (marital satisfaction), and social factors (social support), can affect men’s decision to have a child. Policymakers are hence required to develop strategies to promote the socioeconomic and family conditions of the couples and to encourage them to have as many children as they desire at an appropriate time.

Although the importance of patient participation in the design and evaluation of health programs and services is well-documented, there is scarcity of research with regard to patient association (PA) participation in health policy decision-making processes. To this end, the present study aimed to validate further a previously developed instrument as well as to investigate the degree of PA participation in health policy decision-making in Cyprus. A convenient sample of 114 patients-members of patients associations took part in the study. Participants were recruited from an umbrella organization, the Pancyprian Federation of Patient Associations and Friends (PFPA). PA participation in health policy decision-making was assessed with the Health Democracy Index (HDI), an original 8-item tool. To explore its psychometric properties, Cronbach α was computed as regards to its internal consistency, while its convergent validity was tested against a self-rated question enquiring about the degree of PA participation in health policy decision-making. The findings revealed that the HDI has good internal consistency and convergent validity. Furthermore, PAs were found to participate more in consultations in health-related organizations and the Ministry of Health (MoH) as well as in reforms or crucial decisions in health policy. Lower levels were documented with regard to participation in hospital boards, ethics committees in clinical trials and health technology assessment (HTA) procedures. Overall, PA participation levels were found to be lower than the mid-point of the scale. Targeted interventions aiming to facilitate patients’ involvement in health policy decision-making processes and to increase its impact are greatly needed in Cyprus.

Governance in health is cited as one of the key factors in balancing the concerns of the government and public sector with the interests of civil society/private players, but often remains poorly described and operationalized. Richard Saltman and Antonio Duran look at two aspects in the search for new provider models in a context of health markets signalling liberalisation: (i) the role of the government to balance public and private interests and responsibilities in delivering care through modernised governance arrangements, and (ii) the finding that operational complexities may hinder well–designed provider governance models, unless governance reflects country-specific realities. This commentary builds on the discussion by Saltman and Duran, and argues that the concept of governance needs to be clearly defined and operationalized in order to be helpful for policy debate as well as for the development of an applicable framework for performance improvement. It provides a working definition of governance and includes a reflection on the prevailing cultural norms in an organization or society upon which any governance needs to be build. It proposes to explore whether the “evidence-based governance” concept can be introduced to generate knowledge about innovative and effective governance models, and concludes that studies similar to the one by Saltman and Duran can inform this debate.

According to general ethical and legal principles, valid consent must be obtained before starting any procedure.. Due to the lack of a standard tool for assessing patients’ capacity to consent to medical treatment in Iran, the present study was carried out aiming to devise a Persian version of a cross-cultural adaptation of the MacArthur competence assessment tool..Patients and By reviewing different methods of cultural translation and adaptation for assessment tools, and due to the lack of consensus on its processes, we selected Wild’s model as one of the most comprehensive methods in this regard. Wild’s (2005) 10-stage model includes preparation, forward translation, reconciliation of the forward translation, back translation of reconciliation, back translation review, cognitive debriefing and cognitive review, and finalization, proofreading and final reporting. Using this model, we translated the MacArthur assessment tool and made it adaptable to Iranian patients.. The MacArthur assessment tool is not dependent on any specific culture and language. As a result, if translation and its scientific adaptation are done based on an integrated and detailed model, the tool can be used for every culture and language. In other words, this tool is not culture-specific; so, it is applicable in cases where a translation is needed, and it can be culturally adapted to suit different societies.. In the present study, we are able to focus on and prove the efficacy and benefits of this measurement tool..