movement disorder

Since many movement disorders are associated with schizophrenia, it is important to distinguish various motor manifestations of the disease itself from associated abnormal movements.

We present a 35-year-old single man with schizophrenia who was admitted for seizure-like tics. The disease started 7 years earlier with psychotic manifestations, including persecutory delusion, negative symptoms, and impaired function. About a year ago, movements in the limbs, abdomen, and spine (similar to those seen in tonic-clonic seizures) were added to the patient’s symptoms, lasting for a few seconds to a few minutes. After some time, these movements were accompanied by expressing words and phrases that had sexual content. Due to the exacerbation of these attacks, the patient was admitted to the hospital. He was unable to explain the cause of these movements, and differential diagnoses included stereotype, extrapyramidal effects of antipsychotic drugs (particularly tardive dyskinesia), and temporal lobe epilepsy. However, the patient had no history of epilepsy. Urine screening for illegal substances, electroencephalography (EEG), brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and neurological counseling were all normal. The adverse effects of medications were ruled out because the patient had taken antipsychotics very irregularly and in low doses. A short time after starting 4 mgof oral risperidone (as the main treatment), the patient showed better cooperation and was able to describe his symptoms in more detail. He explained that a stranger or a copy of himself occasionally compelled him to do the movements, and if he refused to do it, he would be punished by them. Ten days after continuing treatment and starting weekly flupentixol decanoate, the motor symptoms improved significantly, and the patient was discharged after 3 weeks.

This case presentation emphasizes the importance of accurate clarification of the nature of signs and symptoms in patients with mental disorders, which seems to be crucial in making a diagnosis and appropriate treatment.

Parkinson disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder affecting the dopaminergic neurons of the basal ganglia, affecting approximately 1% of individuals over the age of 65. The travel health challenges of patients with Parkinson disease have not been adequately addressed in the medical literature. This perspective article discusses the barriers to healthy travel in this vulnerable population and considers mitigating measures. It focuses on difficulties with mobility, cognitive impairment, chronic medications, and medical devices.

Background and Importance: 

Movement disorders caused by meningiomas in the Cerebellopontine Angle (CPA) region are yet to be reported. This case report emphasizes the importance of careful imaging studies and examinations for patients presenting with movement disorders, even for benign tumors and less common etiologies.

A 45-year-old woman presented with irregular, involuntary, shortterm, transient, and unpredictable movements in the right upper and lower limbs since several months before, which conformed to the hemispheric pattern of the hemichoreahemiballismus type. Despite these issues, the main complaints of the patient were severe headaches, convulsions, blurred vision, and intermittent altered consciousness. Upon physical examination, abnormal movements of the right face and right upper and lower limbs were apparent. Dystonia was noted in the patient’s upper limbs. On brain MRI, a homogeneous mass 3.5 cm in diameter was found in the patient's right CPA, with compressive effects on the pons and medulla. The diagnosis of meningioma was made, and an excellent outcome was achieved following resection.

Although meningiomas are usually considered benign tumors, they can, as noted in this case report, exert mechanical mass effects on adjacent structures following gradual enlargement. This can lead to various movement disorders, even in unusual locations. Hence, all patients with movement disorders must be examined thoroughly, with the neurological examination being of utmost importance. The present case itself illustrates the variety of causes and manifestations of movement disorders, particularly dystonia and hemiballismus secondary to benign meningioma, even in less common site

This study aimed to find out the expectations of mothers of children with cerebral palsy (CP), who are engaged in rehabilitation programs, especially in physical therapy treatment.

Clinical types and gross motor function levels of the children were documented. A questionnaire consisting of 6 open-ended questions was used to define the expectations and views of the mothers of CP children about the physiotherapy and rehabilitation programs for the children. A total of 100 mothers were interviewed through an observational study with six open-ended questions along with demographic data.

There was no significant agreement regarding the applied treatment methods and the appropriateness of the rehabilitation programs.

The expectations of mothers of CP children are not as high as they wanted from rehabilitation according to their children’s needs.