جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "occupational diseases" در نشریات گروه "پزشکی"

Acupressure is a branch of complementary medicine that is non-pharmacological and non-invasive. We conducted this technique to see its effect on pulmonary function in Rafsanjan Sarcheshmeh Copper Complex workers.

This study was a randomized controlled clinical trial conducted on 82 workers with abnormal spirometry results. Respondents were selected by convenient sampling and then randomly divided into the two groups of 41 people. In the intervention group, after acupressure training, the participants were asked to stimulate 2 points first on one side of the body and then on the other side. The Two points were LU7 and LU9. The pressure was applied using fingers for 2 minutes at each point, at a specific time, and for 5 days by the participants themselves. In the control group, acupressure was used at ineffective points that the samples did not know about. FVC, FEV1 indices, and six-minute walk test (6MWT) in both groups were measured and compared before and after the intervention.

No significant difference was observed between the control and intervention groups before the study based on FVC, FEV1 and 6MWT scors.  There was also no difference in the control group before and after the study based on these indices. However, in the treatment group, the FEV1 and FEV1/FVC ratios significantly increased after the intervention (P<0.05).

Acupressure can effectively improve the functional parameters of the lungs, especially in workers who suffer from pulmonary dysfunction due to occupational diseases.

hypertension is one of the most dangerous chronic diseases, and it is always considered one of the lifelong causes of mortalities and disabilities all over the world.

In this research, 3147 files of periodic examinations in 1397 of various industries located in Iranian Kaveh Industrial Zone were examined. the principal object of the cross-sectional study was to elucidate the prevalence of high blood pressure in a massive number of people who work in one of the most significant Iranian industrial zones and to predict the exact proportion of demographic factors like income, work experience, age, sex, BMI, etc., in determining blood pressure and to elucidate whether these variables make the people vulnerable to such a devastating disease.

According to this research, around 5% of the population in the investigation were hypertensive. The results showed that there is a significant relationship between HTN type demographic characteristics (p< 0.001). Fisher test showed a significant relationship between age and HTN (p< 0.001). Also, the lowest percentage of accidents is in workers with 25-30 years of experience. The results of the Chi-square test showed no significant relationship between hypertension and Marital status and sex. Linear regression analysis showed that the factors identified in this study, 23.3% predict blood pressure (r: 0.233) and BMI factor most predictive variable (B = 0.148) among the variables.

The result suggests it should be considered the dramatic role of predictive factors and bringing out the new strategy to deal with HTN in the industrial workplace in order to improve health level in workers as they work and spend a lot of time in the factories.

A large portion of Iranian Working Population (IWP) is becoming at risk of Occupational Noise-Induced Hearing Loss (ONIHL). Several primary studies have evaluated the prevalence of ONIHL in Iran with a variety of prevalence rates. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of ONIHL in the IWP using data from relevant studies.

The present study is a meta-analysis and systematic review of previously published studies on ONIHL in Iran. Accordingly, the relevant articles published until Sep 1, 2021 were searched through PubMed, Scopus, and Google Scholar, together with Iranian scientific electronic databases. Heterogeneity between among the studies and data analysis was assessed using the I2 test and Random-Effect Model (REM) respectively.

Having performed a quality assessment, the meta-analysis was performed on the data from twenty-six studies involving a total of 85685 participants. The prevalence of ONIHL was observed to range from 12.9% to 60.5% in the reviewed studies. Moreover, after combining the results from the primary research by the Random Effects Model (REM) approach, the prevalence of ONIHL among IWP was estimated to be 34.69% (95% CI: 29.10, 40.28).

ONIHL is a significant concern with regard to public and occupational health in Iran. The results also highlighted the urgent need for taking appropriate preventive and control measures in the workplaces; particularly by encouraging the employers and health-related policymakers to focus on preventive noise control techniques along with administrative and legislative approaches to mitigate the risk of developing ONIHL.

Total antioxidant capacity (TAC) is an important marker to be measured to explore the effect of oil fume on oral tissue. This study examined the effect of longtime exposure to oil fume on oral and periodontal tissue.

A total of 52 participants consisted of four groups of 13 participants each. Oral examination and periodontal indices were taken. TAC was analyzed.

The study groups showed highly significant differences in plaque, gingival index, and clinical attachment level (P < 0.001) compared to the control. The older workers have shown the highest total antioxidant capacity levels. The oil group has expressed a significant lowest total antioxidant capacity level (P > 0.05) in comparison to the control. Oral lesions including ulcerations and white and red patches were absent in workers.

Total antioxidant capacity is an important biomarker in the diagnosis of oral and periodontal diseases.

The present study examined the relationship between the total score of the voice handicap index (VHI) and the total score and scores of the three factors of the vocal fatigue index (VFI) with the medical history of Melli bank workers working in Tehran and Kurdistan privences.

The research is a descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study that was conducted on 444 clerks of Melli Bank branches in Iran (76% male and 24% female with a mean age of 42.3). A demographic questionnaire, the medical history checklist, and the Persian version of VHI and VFI were used to collect data.

The voice handicap index had a significant relationship with a history of neurological (P=0.030) and head and neck (P=0.048) disorders, speech and language disorders (P=0.001), and reflux (P=0.041). Regarding vocal fatigue index, the total score had a significant relationship with head and neck (P=0.006) and speech and language disorders (P<0.001); the first factor with diseases of the head and neck (P=0.018), pharynx and larynx (P=0.005) and speech and language disorders (P=0.001), the second factor with neurological (P=0.020), head and neck (P=0.006), and speech and language disorders (P<0.001), and allergies (P=0.032), and finally, the third factor with neurological (0.044), pharynx and larynx (P=0.031), speech and language disorders (P=0.044), and reflux (P=0.021).

Regardless of the respiratory system, suffering from diseases of the speech and language system can have a significant effect on the scores of the VHI and VFI indices. Meanwhile, the history of speech and language problems and head and neck disorders affect the total score of most factors of the VFI.

Epidemiologists have recently declared coal workers’ pneumoconiosis, more commonly known as “black lung disease”, an epidemic in the economically underserved areas of eastern Kentucky, southwestern Virginia and southern West Virginia. The epidemic was declared after black lung cases increased significantly after decades of declining estimates. The circumstances associated with verifying the presence of black lung disease and obtaining subsequent compensation benefits have a long-standing and controversial history clouded by allegations of bias and corruption. In the article, I question the accuracy of government reported estimates and discuss why true estimates of black lung disease likely are greatly underestimated due to a combination of poor data collection methodologies and unique social, cultural, economic and political factors surrounding underserved and vulnerable coal miners in Appalachia.

At workplaces, the workers exposed to several harmful agents such as physical, chemical, and biological pollutant that cause occupational diseases. There are a lot of jobs that not allow a certain pattern of exposure to this agent. In this article, we introduce a technology named radio‑frequency identification (RFID) to estimate the exposure time of workers to harmful agent.

This applied study was carried out experimentally in an industry in Isfahan province, Iran. Twenty‑nine participants selected from the workers without a fixed pattern of exposure. Two methods used to measure the exposure time of them. The first method was based on a self‑made RFID device and conducted by the workers. The second method performed by stopwatch, which was carried out by the occupational hygienist. The results were analyzed using SPSS 20 and descriptive statistics, Spearman correlation coefficient, and paired samples t‑test.

The mean age of the participants was 36.48 ± 5.889 and job experience was 9.06 ± 6.316 years. Spearman correlation coefficient shows that there is a significant correlation between the exposure times measured by the workers and occupational hygienist (R in all zones was higher than 0.9, P < 0.05). Paired samples t‑test shows that there are no significant differences between the mean exposure times measured by the workers and occupational hygienist in each zone and in all the zones (P > 0.05).

RFID technology is an appropriate method to evaluate the exposure time of workers without fixed pattern of exposure to causative factors of occupational diseases. It can also be used in other fields of occupational health engineering.

The present study describes the burden of occupational diseases in Iran based on the results of the Global Burden of Disease study conducted in 2010 (GBD 2010). This study aimed to determine the burden of occupational diseases in Iran based on the results of GBD 2010. It is a cross‑sectional study.
Disability‑adjusted life years (DALYs) of occupational diseases were calculated based on the prevalence rates obtained through model estimation, as well as GBD 2010 disability weights and mortality rates obtained from different data registry systems of Iran. Causal association criteria application to select risk outcome pairs, estimation of exposure to each risk factor in the population, estimation of etiological effect size, selection of a counterfactual exposure distribution, risk assessment, and identifcation of burden attributable to each risk factor were the main conducted statistical steps.
There was an increasing trend of DALYs (710.08/100,000 people in 1990 and 833.00/100,000 people in 2005) followed by a slight decrease (833.00/100,000 in 2005–784.55/100,000 people in 2010). A total of 50.4% and 36% of total DALYs per 100,000 people were due to the adverse effects of musculoskeletal disorders and work‑related injuries, respectively.
Musculoskeletal disorders and work‑related injuries are the most important adverse consequences of work‑related risks that require urgent interventions to be controlled. Male workers (15–25 years and over 60) with the highest DALYs and mortality rates need more training programs, safety regulations, and higher level of protection support. In spite the decreasing trend of occupational disease related DALYs and death rates in Iran in recent years, a long‑term effort is required to maintain the currently decreasing trend.

Emotional distress is becoming a great concern and is more common in both developed and developing countries. It is associated with several disease conditions.
To determine the prevalence of self-perceived emotional distress and its relation to work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WRMSDs) in nurses.
A self-administered questionnaire survey was carried out on 660 female nurses working in public hospitals in the Klang Valley, Malaysia. The validated Malay version of the standardized Nordic musculoskeletal questionnaire (M-SNMQ) was used to identify the annual prevalence of WRMSDs; perceived emotional distress was assessed using the validated Malay short version, depression, anxiety, and stress (M-DASS) instrument. In addition, socio-demographic and occupational profiles of the participants were considered. Factors associated with WRMSDs were identified using logistic regression analysis.
A total of 376 nurses completed the survey (response rate 83.3%). 73.1% of the nursing staffs experienced WRMSDs in at least one anatomical site 12 months prior to the study. 75% of nurses expressed emotional distress. Of these, over half also reported anxiety and stress. Multiple logistic regression analysis showed that stress and anxiety significantly increased the risk of WRMSDs by approximately twofold.
There were significant associations between emotional distress and WRMSDs. Future longitudinal studies are therefore needed to investigate and identify the sources of emotional distress (non-occupational and occupational) to be used to establish preventive strategies to reduce the risk of WRMSDs.

Background and It is likely that industrial workplaces increase the chance of developing obesity and cardiovascular disease risk factors in the employees. The aim of this study was to compare obesity and some health markers between male employees of gas refinery (first exposure group) and petrochemical staff (second exposure group) compared to non-industrial male employees of general population (non-exposure group).
Seventy five male employees of a petrochemical plant in Assaluyeh, eighty eight male employee of a gas refinery, and eighty six non-industrial male employees of the general population participated in this study. Weight, height, waist circumference, fasting blood glucose, blood pressure, and serum total cholesterol and triglyceride were measured in all the participants. Statistical analyses were performed using the SPSS Software, version 16 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA).
The mean body mass index, waist circumference, fasting blood glucose, and serum triglyceride level were significantly higher in gas refinery staff compared to petrochemical employees, and non-industrial employees (P-values The results of this study showed that obesity, high fasting blood glucose and hypertriglyceridemia were significantly higher in gas refinery staff. It is recommended to develop a health promotion program for weight management and prevention of obesity in the industrial work place staff.

Occupational cancers account for a major part of cancers. So far, various occupational factors have been recognized as a risk factor involved in the development of different occupational cancers. Prostate cancer is one of the cancers on which various studies have been carried out to examine the role of occupational exposures. The studies have introduced numerous occupational factors and jobs regarding this cancer. The results of studies in this regard have some contradictions. In this short review, occupational risk factors in the development of occupational cancers have been studied. The focus of this study is mainly on the factors, while occupations have not been examined in depth.

Occupational exposure to certain substances would cause cancer. Herein, we report on a case of a 58-year-old former orthoprostethist who died from a lung adenocarcinoma. He had a 3 pack-year history of smoking and a single exposure to asbestos during his professional career. Between 1979 and 2010, he used vermiculite plaques daily to build medical prostheses, using no personal protective equipment. Contamination of vermiculite with amphibole asbestos has been described in Libby, Montana. Expert opinion on this case has raised the hypothesis of the use of this kind of vermiculite during this period and the occupational etiology of this cancer. It seems important to point out the possibility of vermiculite-related lung cancers in unusual occupations in order to better document such cases in the future.

Bladder cancer is the most common cancer of the urinary tract, with known occupational causes. The most effective way to prevent occupational cancers of the urinary tract is to prevent exposure to known carcinogens.
To examine the relationship between occupation and the risk of bladder cancer.
This case-control study was performed on 200 patients with bladder cancer and 200 healthy individuals in Yazd. Data were collected using a researcher-made questionnaire and based on interviews with patients and controls.
The mean age of cases and controls were 61.5 (SD 13.6) and 61.5 (13.3) years, respectively. Level of education, type of occupation, family history of bladder cancer in the first-degree relatives, and history of chronic and recurrent urinary tract infection, kidney and bladder stones, and using hair dye, were considered the main predictors for bladder cancer.
There was a significant difference between cases and controls in terms of type of occupation. The risk of bladder cancer was higher among those working in high-risk occupations—metal working, textile, driving, farming, and construction.

Erysipelothrix rhusiopathiae (E. rhusiopathiae) is generally transmitted into the gastrointestinal tract of animals by the intake of contaminated food or water and causes great economic loss in agriculture worldwide. Some of the Erysipelothrix spp. are the causative agents of erysipeloid, which is an occupational infection in humans. The aim of the present study was to isolate E. rhusiopathiae from animals as well as the hands of the butchers working in Ahvaz, Iran, and to determine their susceptibility to antibiotics.
Totally, 150 samples were taken from slaughterhouse workers, fishermen, and livers and hearts of sheep and calves by the swabbing method. Phenotypical methods and polymerase chain reaction (PCR) were used for the isolation and identification of E. rhusiopathiae. The isolates were tested for their susceptibility to commonly used antimicrobial agents using the disk diffusion protocol described by the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute.
Out of the 150 samples examined via phenotypical and biochemical tests, 16 samples were positive as putative Erysipelothrix spp. twelve cases out of the 16 putative Erysipelothrix spp. were confirmed by PCR. The tested isolates were highly sensitive to the antibiotics used. The results of the sensitivity and specificity of PCR revealed that the sensitivity and specificity of indirect PCR were higher than those of direct PCR.
E. rhusiopathiae is widely distributed on seafood and presents as a commensal pathogen in nature and animals. Infection with this microorganism should be emphasized because it is a rare organism causing severe infections such as infectious endocarditis and polyarthritis following localized infections.

Brucellosis is the most common bacterial zoonosis worldwide. Greece has the highest reported incidence among EU countries. However, occupational risk factors have not been well described.
To determine the incidence patterns and exposure risk factors of brucellosis in Greece.
We used national-level surveillance and occupational denominator data to estimate the incidence patterns and exposure risk factors of brucellosis in Greece, with particular emphasis on occupation.
Between November 2003 and December 2015 a total of 2159 human brucellosis cases was reported. The mean incidence rate was 1.62 per 100 000 population per year. A large majority of cases (77.1%) reported consumption of unpasteurized milk or contact with livestock animals. Most cases occured in farmers and livestock breeders (1079 [87.7%] of 1231 cases reporting their occupation), corresponding to an annual incidence of 7.1 per 100 000. However, there were other occupations with a similar or higher risk: butchers and abattoir workers (12.7 per 100 000), laboratory personnel (3.1 per 100 000), while the highest risk was for veterinarians (53.2 per 100 000).
Brucellosis incidence in specific occupational groups was much higher than in the general population. These results underline the importance of collecting information on occupation, both during the diagnostic process and in the surveillance system. Besides efforts to control brucellosis in animals, organized prevention efforts are needed within an occupational health framework, especially for the most vulnerable workers.