جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « policy making » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

The purpose of the current research is to identify the needs of the management structure of medical centers-hospitals in order to compensate for the damages caused by the fight against Covid-19.

This study is applied in terms of purpose and qualitative in terms of research method, and by using semi-structured interviews with 19 experts who were selected through purposive sampling, effective policies on the management structure of medical centers were identified and were categorized. The data of this section were categorized and analyzed using the three-step open, central and selective coding method. The validity of the categories and themes obtained using experts' confirmation and the reliability using the open test method were found to be 83%.

Experimentation and data analysis of the obtained data led to the formation of 179 subcategories, 43 categories and 8 main themes. During this research, 8 factors of social support of the organization, motivational measures, behavioral measures, financial and welfare measures, open communication, systems Management, organizational policies and human resource policies were selected as the main themes of the research.

Based on the results of qualitative data coding, the democratic style of management and the increase of welfare services were selected as the key categories of the management structure of medical centers due to frequent repetition among the codes received, and based on the number of repetitions of the received codes, the themes of welfare services with The coefficient of 0.172, human resources policies with the coefficient of 0.152 and motivational solutions with the coefficient of 0.148 took the first to third ranks, respectively.

Considering the development of a knowledge-based economy in the world and Iran, identifying the effective components in the development of knowledge-based companies in the medical field is essential in line with the policy and economic development of the country.

In this qualitative research, data was collected through in-depth and semi-structured interviews from faculty members, specialists and managers of organizations in charge of the country's knowledge-based ecosystem. The statistical population was selected by snowball sampling, and the scientific interviews continued until the theoretical saturation stage, and finally 19 interviews were conducted. All data were analyzed based on Brovan and Clark's six-step theme analysis method.

From data analysis, three main themes including the factors of " revision of the general policies of the country", "creating a suitable economic platform" and "revision of the performance of institutions in charge of knowledge-based economy" and 37 subthemes were extracted which were regarded as effective factors in the development of knowledge-based companies in the medical field.

It is necessary to review the general and executive policies of the country for the development of knowledge-based companies, and the government must provide the basis for the development of knowledge-based companies by creating a suitable economic context, fighting economic rents, creating economic stability and reforming the banking network. It is also necessary to review the processes in the Deputy of Science, Technology and Knowledge-Based Economy and the Ministry of Health, Treatment and Medical Education.

The performance of organizational human resources is established in the form of organizational policy-making. Educational policy-making, along with research policy-making, is a complete individual comprehensiveness in the organization. In today's era, it is not possible to use educational policy-making to achieve the final goals of the organization, so that research policy-making needs to be used along with educational policy. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess the policy-research approach along with the educational policy of educational units. The descriptive review study to simultaneously investigate educational policy-making and research policy-making in university departments. A query was conducted on databases in Persian and English from 2014-2022 using the following keywords: Policy-research, policy-research, educational policy, educational policy-making, education, education system, and university education system. As a result of the search and application of inclusion and exclusion criteria, 98 articles were retrieved, including the searched texts, books, and documents. Finally, 24 papers were included in the present study. The findings demonstrated that studies with an educational policy approach are clearly better than studies with a research approach in the desired policies. Nonetheless, the integration of educational and research policies has been the leading way of scientific synergy. Modern educational services are not possible without research services; moreover, making educational decisions is not feasible and cost-effective without the use of policy-research.

Considering the importance of women's health researches (WHR) in achieving the millennium goals development and lack of a unified and organized direction in the development and support of women's health research, planning and policy making, creating an infrastructure for watching researches and observatory in this field will be an effective step. The aim of this study was designing a model for WHR networking and collaboration, and establishment of WHRwatching and observing system in Iran.

This applied field qualitative study includes reviewing scientific literatures and documents, exploring expert’s views and opinions by conducting expert meetings, questionnaires and interviews, developing and finalizing the model. Data analysis was performed using content analysis method and MAX_ QDA software version 2018

The model and the conceptual framework for WHR network and observatory were designed with 3 main axes including identifying and classifying WHR, establishing collaboration between research centers and transition of knowledge and application of WH researches. In designing the model; Mission, objectives, structure, resources and deployment requirements were identified.

Comprehensive cooperation of stakeholders is necessary to identify the challenges and problems of WH in the country. Due to limited resources and the need to create an appropriate organizational culture to develop all components and expected infrastructure of the designed model; advocacy and support for establishment of WH research network, watching and observing system is necessary.

Inroduction: 

policy implementation is the actions that are taken by government or private sector individuals with the aim of realizing the goals of the policy.Many experts have listed many factors in explaining the factors affecting policy implementation and the problems of policy implementation, and most of them believe that the problems of policy implementation are different with the conditions of each society. Several measures lead to the reduction of failure in the implementation of health system policies/ the purpose of this research is to identify and rank these factors.

This research was applied and in terms of strategy, it was a survey. The research community consisted of 21 health managers of the country, who were selected through non-random and purposeful sampling. The tools of data collection are interviews and questionnaires, and the FMEA technique and the combined approach of AHP and Fuzzy TOPSIS were used to analyze the data.

The results of the research showed that the experts have a total of 10 dimensions in the spectrum of failure reduction measures, including cultural factors, communication, structure, implementation method, management, support, manpower.policy implementers, society, policy formulation and environment and 50 components. They proposed important measures effective in reducing the failure of the implementation of health system policies.

What was stated in this research as the measures to reduce the failure in the implementation of these policies will help the managers and actors of the health system policy field to prevent the occurrence of problems in the path of successful implementation of the health system policies by knowing the factors that reduce the failure of the implementation of the health system policies. Get healthy.

Pharmaceutical costs account for a major part of health-related costs, and the induced demand for medicine imposes a large financial and economic burden on individuals and the whole society. Therefore, the aim of the present study is to identify the factors effective in creating induced demand for medicine in Iran.

This study is based on grounded theory approach and it was conducted in 2022. The interview questions were semi-structured and asked by experts. The initial selection of the samples was based on targeted sampling from among experts and scholars in the field of medicine and treatment from all over the country. The snowball method was used to increase the sample volume until it reached sufficiency. This research was completed by interviewing 20 experts.

The key factors effective in creating induced demand were identified in the form of 4 themes, 8 categories and 31 subcategories. The extracted themes included social, structural-organizational, economic and beneficiary-related factors. Social factors included the categories of society's culture and pharmaceutical literacy, structural-organizational factors included the categories of regulatory mechanisms and educational and political factors, economic factors included the categories of payment and insurance systems, and finally the beneficiary-related factors included the categories of suppliers and demanders.

Based on the results of this study, several factors play a role in the creation of induced demand for medicine, and following these factors can help policymakers formulate appropriate strategies to reduce unnecessary medicine prescription.

All governments should plan and for the comprehensive health of all people. For this purpose, in this documentary, the most important priorities of the health system have been emphasized: Addressing social determinant of health, development of health equity, correct and accurate implementation of all clauses of the general health policies, and collaboration between all relevant departments.

After the policies are formulated and approved, they are communicated to the managers for implementation. Several factors lead to the failure of health system policies. In this research, these factors have been identified and ranked.

This was an applied research, and in terms of strategy, it was a survey. The research community consisted of 21 experts in the field of health in the Ministry of Health and universities of medical sciences, who were selected through random and targeted sampling. The tools of data collection were interviews and questionnaires, and to analyze data, Failure Modes and Effects Analysis (FMEA) and Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) were used.

In this research, 4 dimensions of failure factors regarding the implementation of the health system policy were identified, including governance, management, environmental and financial resources, and 23 components of the mentioned dimensions were identified. Moreover, the most important identified failure factors through AHP and FMEA were prioritized and evaluated.

Knowledge of failure factors can help to improve the capacity of the implementation of health system policies.

The policy making of medical science education is one of the management functions in the health system, and according to the main goal of the health system, which is to promote health, under the foresight of the educational policy, the approaches of the health system are moving towards progress.
Therefore, the present study was conducted with the aim of analyzing the educational policy in the forward-looking health system. The present study is a simple descriptive review study that was conducted by searching databases: Uptodate, ISI, Pubmed, Google Scholar with the keywords: policy making, health system, foresight, educational policy making, and forward-looking health system during the years 2016-2023. In the initial search, 242 articles were found. Farsi and English and by applying the inclusion criteria, 32 articles were finally extracted.
The findings from the analysis of related studies showed that the use of health system policy with an educational perspective in the future leads to proper university management in the field of education and research, implementation of goals and strategies, development of the spirit of organizational activities, promotion of social responsibility, individual and collective ability in creating educational behavior and ... turns; Therefore, applying the educational policy approach with a realistic and ideal perspective will lead to the achievement of the short-term, medium-term and long-term goals of the health system.

Background &

A healthy organization stabilizes work processes and improves the physical, mental, and social condition of employees, which leads to superior efficiency and performance. On the other hand, the health of the administrative system is one of the main challenges of the administration of public affairs in developing countries, and it has attracted the attention of many public policy experts and researchers. Public issues such as administrative health affect public opinion, public trust, the authority of rulers, and the legitimacy of the system, and in addition to international events, domestic surveys show that the public perception of administrative health in Iran is not very favorable. During the last few years, anti-corruption programs in Iran have mainly focused on reforming public administration and managing public finances, but these programs have not been very effective, and in the opinion of intellectuals and even the general public, administrative corruption In Iran, it has increased more than before. The concept of corruption in the administrative system is the actions of government officials and agents that are carried out with the aim of gaining private interests and harming public interests. It can be said that the cause of all these corruptions is the emergence of situations of conflict of interest. This means that a person or an organization is placed in a position where there is a conflict between personal interests and social interests. If in these situations the choice of a person or organization is towards their own interests, corruption will occur. Therefore, in order to prevent corruption, we must eliminate or reduce the positions of conflict of interest, because we cannot expect all members of the society who are in a position of conflict of interest to take the right action. Although the title of conflict of interest is less common in society, this issue is present in people's life and it is unlikely that one can find an example of corruption where conflict of interest is not its background and introduction. The corruption that we are continuously facing and its repetition have caused destructive economic and social effects. On the other hand, nowadays most healthcare organizations are facing a chaotic environment. Therefore, these organizations have sought to adopt efficient policies to deal with environmental disturbance. The health system faces many demands in the field of financing and coverage of health services, and policymaking in this area has an important impact on the costs and successes or failures of the health system. Adopting effective policies in the field of health can be a way to deal with the challenge in this field. Iran's health system, like other countries, has faced challenges. For example, the health system transformation plan is one of the measures that was specially presented to reduce the expenses paid out of people's pockets, which has also had problems. On the other hand, the concepts of conflict of interest and the health of the administrative system are related to each other, and the vulnerability factor of the concept of administrative health will increase in the context of a conflict of interest situation. Therefore, the main question of the current research is: What is the appropriate model for implementing the health policy of the administrative system with an emphasis on conflict of interest management in Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences?

This research was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive in terms of survey type. Its statistical population was made up of 434 members of the academic staff of Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, of which 204 people were selected as a sample using the stratified random sampling method based on Karjesi and Morgan's table. In order to collect data, a researcher-made questionnaire with 55 questions was used. The validity and reliability of the instruments were confirmed. A structural equation test was used to analyze the data.

The results showed that; Structural and strategic dimensions play a significant role in the implementation of the health policy of the administrative system with emphasis on conflict of interest management in Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, and the strategic dimension has the most role and the structural dimension has the least role in the implementation of the health policy of the administrative system with Emphasis on conflict of interest management. Also, in the structural dimension, the infrastructure component, and the strategic dimension, the cultural component has the greatest role in implementing the health policy of the administrative system with an emphasis on conflict of interest management.

In general, it can be concluded that the concepts of conflict of interest and the health of the administrative system are related to each other and the vulnerability factor of the concept of administrative health will increase in the context of a conflict of interest situation. This finding with the results of strategic dimension researches with the components of culture building, strategic vision, planning, and training respectively play a role in the implementation of the health policy of the administrative system with an emphasis on the management of conflict of interest, which is the component of culture building. has the most important role. The structural dimension with infrastructures, appropriate structure and human resources respectively play a role in the implementation of the health policy of the administrative system with an emphasis on the management of conflict of interest, where the infrastructure component plays the biggest role. In explaining this finding, it can be said; One of the influencing variables on the policy implementation process is the structural variable, which is a self-confirmation of the present research findings. According to the findings of the research, it is suggested that the university officials insure the organization against corruption by employing competent, competent, committed, responsible, and expert managers.