جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « pregnancy » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Anemia, a common symptom in pregnancy, can lead to life-threatening cardiomyopathy. A 30-years old gravida 2 para 1 woman was admitted at 34 weeks of gestational age with asymptomatic pancytopenia and vitamin B12 deficiency in the laboratory tests. She also had a diet-controlled gestational diabetes, megaloblastic changes in Bone marrow aspiration and cardiomyopathy shown by echocardiography. The patient recovered from pancytopenia and cardiomyopathy after one week treatment with vitamin B12 and folate. In this case, cardiomyopathy worsened with anemia. By treating vitamin B12 deficiency, cardiomyopathy can be prevented or controlled during pregnancy. Careful consideration is needed when assessing anemia in pregnant women on vegetarian diet and at higher risk.

Methadone is a substance widely used in the substitution treatment of opiate addiction in pregnancy. The placental transfer of methadone influences oxidative stress processes. Melatonin is a hormone with antioxidant activity.

This study aimed to evaluate the protective effects of melatonin on oxidative stress induced by the transfer of transplacental methadone in mice.

In this experimental study, 36 female mice (2 months old, 20 ± 2 gr) were divided into 6 groups (n = 6/each) of control, methadone (0.3 mg/kg intraperitoneal, single dose) and melatonin (2, 4, and 6 mg/kg/day gavage) were administered 30 min before methadone, and one group received melatonin alone (0.6 mg/kg with single injection). Administration for 10 consecutive days of the pregnancy period was done. After baby mice were born, all neonatal mice were killed by beheading or sacrificing after anesthesia. The liver tissues were extracted. The samples were then sent for studying oxidative stress markers such as lipid peroxidation, glutathione, and protein carbonyl contents. Also, we have used the immunohistochemistry method for apoptotic markers such as: BAX, Bcl2, and Caspase3 for assaying apoptosis.

This study has shown that methadone caused a significant decrease in glutathione concentration (p = 0.035). Also, we observed a significant increase in lipid peroxidation and protein carbonyl contents (p = 0.015, 0.025 respectively). However, melatonin treatment significantly inhibited oxidative stress markers (p = 0.025). Also, apoptosis assay has shown that melatonin could decrease BAX and Caspase 9 as apoptotic and increase Bcl2 as an antiapoptotic proteins (p = 0.015).

Our findings have shown that melatonin has a protective effect against oxidative stress and apoptosis induced by the placental transfer of methadone via its antioxidant effects.

Growing the human brain requires all necessary nutrients to form and maintain, so the development of cognitive functions of infants and children depends on adequate nutrition. Children whose mothers had inadequate nutrition are at high risk for cognitive dysfunction. The objective of the present study was to review the studies conducted on “the relationship between nutrient intake during pregnancy and the development of cognitive functions in toddlers”. The present study was conducted by systematic review method using PRISMA checklist items.

To conduct this study, the keywords “maternal nutrition”, “pregnancy diet”, “pregnancy supplement”, “IQ”, “intelligence quotient”, “neurodevelopment”, “cognitive function”, “toddler”, “early years” and “infant” were searched based on the Mesh database in scientific databases including Scopus, SID, Google Scholar, PubMed, and Science Direct to find articles related to the effect of nutrition during pregnancy on the development of the cognitive function of toddlers and its components in Persian and English. Finally, 17 articles were selected for review in this study.

The results showed that taking a supplement of iron, saturated fatty acids, vitamins B and D, and folic acid improved the cognitive functions of toddlers. On the other hand, taking supplements containing iodine and zinc had no significant effect on the development of cognitive functions. Diets containing seafood during pregnancy had a beneficial effect on the cognitive functions of children.

The study results highlighted the importance of adequate nutrition during pregnancy and showed that maternal nutrition played an important role in the development of cognitive functions of toddlers.

 Pregnant women and their fetuses are considered as high-risk groups during the COVID-19 pandemic. The aim of this study was to identify the risk factors of adverse pregnancy outcomes among women with COVID-19.

 This case-control study was conducted among pregnant women who delivered live infants at least 60 days before data collection in Hormozgan Province, south of Iran, 2021. The case and control groups included women with and without the history of COVID-19, respectively. A 47-item checklist including demographic information of the mothers, maternal current and past medical history, maternal and fetal prenatal and post-natal outcomes; and other COVID-19 related outcomes was used. The logistic regression analysis was used for data analysis.

 A total of 1337 women (668 in case and 669 in control groups) participated in this study. The mean (SD) gestational age in the case and control groups were 32.83 (84.64) and 23.75 (6.93) weeks respectively. Maternal age and the incidence of abortion, obesity, and multiple pregnancies was higher in the COVID-19 group compared with the control group. The most common COVID-19 symptoms were myalgia (24.8%), cough (19.3%), fever (17.5%) and olfactory disorder (14.3%). The preventive factors against COVID-19 adverse pregnancy outcomes were low and normal body mass index, influenza vaccination history, and multivitamin consumption, while the risk factors were multiple pregnancies, abortion and preterm labor.

 This study showed that pregnant women were to COVID-19. The identified risk factors for COVID-19 adverse pregnancy outcomes can be used to prioritized pregnant women in receiving COVID-19 related health services.

 Clinical, radiological, and laboratory findings characteristic of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) infection have already been investigated and identified; however, data on pregnant women infected with COVID-19 are limited. This study aims to examine the clinical, radiological, and laboratory characteristics of pregnant women compared to non-pregnant women with COVID-19 disease. 

 This hospital-based retrospective age-matched case-control study included two groups, pregnant and non-pregnant women, each consisting of 51 patients hospitalized with COVID-19 in Bushehr, Iran.  Demographic, clinical, and laboratory information was extracted from medical records using a predefined checklist. 

 Except for cough, there were no statistically significant differences in clinical signs and symptoms between pregnant and non-pregnant women. Although hemoglobin oxygen saturations are statistically significant among the two groups, this difference is not clinically significant (95% vs 93%). There were no statistically significant differences between pregnant and non-pregnant women in the pattern of pulmonary involvement in chest CT findings. Laboratory factors such as serum hemoglobin, red blood cell count, absolute lymphocyte count, prothrombin time and partial thromboplastin time, serum creatinine, serum potassium, and lactate dehydrogenase had statistically significant differences between the two groups. However, these differences were not clinically significant. 

 In a few aspects, the clinical characteristics and laboratory test results of COVID-19 in pregnant patients seem to be distinctive from their nonpregnant controls. We believe our findings can guide the prenatal and postnatal considerations for COVID-19 pregnant patients.

Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disease that may result in adverse pregnancy outcomes, posing a significant risk to both the mother and the fetus. The major purpose of the current study was to investigate the impact of SLE on the outcomes of pregnancy among women with SLE. This was a retrospective cohort study. Two groups of pregnant women, one with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) and one without SLE, were included at the Gynecology and Obstetrics Clinic of Ayatollah Mousavi Hospital in Zanjan, Iran, from 2019 to 2020. Participants from both cohorts completed a checklist of study variables based on their medical records. The data were analyzed using binary logistic regression, chi-square test, analysis of variance, and independent samples t-test with SPSS software version 23. The research involved 400 pregnant women, with the mean age of the SLE and non-SLE groups being 36.68±4.90 and 29.46±6.56 years, respectively. The most prevalent adverse outcome was cesarean section (271 [67.8%]), significantly higher in the SLE group (54.5% vs. 10.0%, P=0.0001). The likelihood of experiencing spontaneous abortion, preterm labor, cesarean section, and LBW was increased by more than 6.5 times (odds ratio, 6.54; 95% CI, 2.22-19.27; P=0.001), 3.6 times (odds ratio, 3.67; 95% CI, 1.47-9.18; P=0.005), 18.9 times (odds ratio, 18.94; 95% CI, 6.46-55.49; P=0.0001), and 3 times (odds ratio, 3.04; 95% CI, 1.09-8.46; P=0.030) in individuals with SLE, respectively. Women with SLE have an increased likelihood of encountering spontaneous abortion, preterm labor, cesarean section, and delivering a low-birth-weight infant.

Following the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‑19) pandemic, pregnant women are at a higher risk of developing severe COVID‑19 disease. This study investigated whether pregnant women should get vaccinated against COVID‑19 or not. Pregnant women in comparison with non‑pregnant women.

This study was a systematic review that searched the PubMed, Embase, and Scopus databases using the keywords “COVID‑19” OR “SARS‑CoV‑2” OR “Coronavirus Disease” OR “2019‑nCoV” AND “pregnancy “OR “pregnant” AND “vaccine” OR “vaccination” from January 2020 to April 2022.

Of the 37 selected studies, 15 (40.50%) declared positive views, 9 (24.30%) had inconclusive views, and 13 (35.20%) opposed vaccination due to a lack of adequate information.

Despite the discrepancies among the studies, one‑third of the studies suggested that pregnant women be enrolled in clinical trials to investigate the outcomes of the COVID‑19 vaccination on maternal and fetal outcomes. However, the majority of the studies recommended maternal immunization against COVID‑19.

Women have less interaction with the fetus in unplanned pregnancies. This study aimed to determine the effect of an antenatal training program on maternal-fetal attachment in unplanned pregnancies.

This single-blind clinical trial was performed in the north of Iran in 2019. By simple randomization, 76 mothers with unplanned pregnancies were allocated to the intervention and control groups. Mothers in the intervention group attended three sessions (90 minutes per session) of training based on interaction with the fetus in small groups. The control group only received routine care. Data collection instruments included a demographics checklist, London Measure of Unplanned Pregnancy, and Cranley’s Maternal-Fetal Attachment scale. Descriptive statistics, Chi-square, Fisher’s Exact test, t-test, analysis of covariance, and multivariate analysis of variance were used for data analysis.

The mean difference of maternal-fetal attachment before and after training was 3.41±2.08 (P=0.112) in the intervention group and 3.96±2.17 (P=0.078) in the control group. However, the differences between and within groups were not significant. The differences in the subscales of attachment with the fetus were not also significant between the groups after the intervention. Although the post-intervention attachment score for unwanted pregnancy was lower than mistimed pregnancy in the intervention (mean difference: 14±3.61) and control groups (mean difference: 3.70±1.87), it was not significantly different based on the type of pregnancy between the groups.

Maternal-fetal attachment training did not boost interaction with the fetus in mothers with unplanned pregnancies; thus, deeper psychological interventions are needed.

Studies on the relationship between vitamin B12 and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) have shown different results. Given the lack of research in this area in Iran and the inconsistent findings of studies carried out in other nations, this study was conducted in light of the significance of the problem, particularly with regard to the health of expectant mothers.

This case-control study was performed on 120 pregnant women referred to Ayatollah Rouhani hospital in Babol, private offices, and health centers to evaluate the vitamin B12 level in women with and without GDM. GDM was defined as 1) after oral ingestion of 75g glucose, fasting plasma glucose level (PGL) >92 mg/dL, 1-hour PGL >180mg/dL, or 2-hour PGL >153mg/ dL during 24-28 weeks of gestational age, or 2) in the 100-g oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT), PGL >195 mg/dL, one-hour PGL >180 mg/dL, 2-hour PGL >155, and 3-hour PGL >140, and GDM was diagnosed if there were at least 2 out of 4 mentioned cases. According to the above definition, pregnant women with GDM were placed in the case group, while those without GDM were placed in the control group. After 8 hours of fasting, intravenous blood samples were taken and sent to the laboratory for measurement, and vitamin B12 deficiency was considered <99 pg/dL after 28 gestational weeks.

Vitamin B12 deficiency was prevalent in 14.2% of 120 pregnant women studied. Vitamin B12 deficiency was more common in GDM women than in non-GDM women (58.8%-41.2%). A normal level of vitamin B12 could act as a protective factor against GDM. The vitamin B12 levels increased in the 30- to 40-year-old women with GDM. In other age groups, vitamin B12 levels were higher in non-GDM women than in GDM women. Among 17 women with vitamin B12 deficiency, 52.9% had a fasting PGL >92.

The results of the present study suggest that measuring vitamin B12 levels may aid in the early diagnosis of GDM and prevent maternal and fetal complications.

Sanctions against a country could be a shock to the country's economy for a specific period. Iran has been subject to various sanctions for the past 40 years, and these sanctions have intensified since 2011. Unprecedented sanctions were imposed on Iranians after the United States withdrew from the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action (JCPOA) agreement, and a disastrous economic situation was the outcome of this international issue. The present study aims to evaluate the impact of this situation on weight gain of pregnant mothers and birth weight as well as food security of their families.

The data of pregnant women and newborns were extracted from Sina Electronic Health System (SinaEHR®) questionnaires. These questionnaires were completed by trained healthcare workers in comprehensive health service centers. The data of 266,182 pregnant women were collected through questionnaires from 19 comprehensive health centers related to Razavi Khorasan province and were prepared for statistical analysis. Then, data analysis was done using the statistical method of Generalized Estimating Equations (GEE) by SPSS software.

Examining the data of 266,182 pregnant mothers during the sanctions period of 2017 to 2020 in Iran shows that the weight gain of pregnant mothers (P<0.001) and the birth weight of the newborns (P<0.047) have decreased significantly.

According to the results, there has been a significant reduction in the two variables of weight gain in pregnant women and newborns’ birth weight, which confirms the debilitative effects of sanctions on these important outcomes.

This study aims to evaluate maternal and paternal attachment in planned versus unplanned pregnancies. This descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted at the pregnancy information clinic and gynecology clinic in the Çerkezköy district of Tekirdağ province from March 2022 to March 2023. The sample size was calculated to be 360 participants, consisting of 180 pregnant women and 180 prospective fathers, using a known population sampling method. Data collection tools included a Descriptive Information Form, the Prenatal Attachment Scale (PAS), and the Intrauterine Father Attachment Scale (IFAS). The mean PAS score was 96.62±2.62 for planned pregnancies and 76.86±17.72 for unplanned pregnancies. The mean IFAS score for prospective fathers was 76.70±8.09 for planned pregnancies and 69.04±6.99 for unplanned pregnancies. A statistically significant difference was observed between planned and unplanned pregnancies concerning mean PAS and IFAS scores. Planned pregnancies positively influence maternal and paternal attachment. We recommend developing institutional protocols to foster healthy prenatal and paternal attachment, which is essential for raising healthy generations.

This study aims to determine the concentrations of urinary Cadmium (Cd) in a group of pregnant women and its association with neonatal anthropometric Indices.

This cross‑sectional study was conducted, involving 136 pregnant women in the first trimester, as a sub‑study of the PERSIAN Birth Cohort in Isfahan in 2020. Cadmium exposure was assessed by urinary concentrations using atomic absorption spectrometry. The socioeconomic information and neonatal anthropometric indices were documented. Data were analyzed using the SPSS statistical package. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

The results of the study revealed the mean (standard deviation) concentration of urinary Cd (U‑Cd) was 0.16 (0.11) µg/L. The U‑Cd by Creatinine ranged from 0.06 to 1.24 with a median (interquartile range) of 0.18 (0.12–0.26) (µg/g creatinine). The mean age of participants was 30.26 (4.92) years. Although the association between birth height and birth head circumference was inverse, it was not significant after using the adjusted model for confounder variables, including maternal anthropometric measurements, maternal body mass index, passive smoking status, and socioeconomic demographic.

The current findings show that maternal Cd exposure was reversely associated with physical growth at birth. Hence, reduction of maternal Cd exposure is essential to improve infant health. Further research is required to investigate the effect of maternal exposure to Cd on adverse health outcomes in long‑term periods considering other cofounders and metal pollutants.

Pregnant women have poor knowledge of oral hygiene during pregnancy. One problem with the follow‑up of dental caries in this group is zero accumulation in the decayed, missing, and filled teeth (DMFT) index, for which some models must be used to achieve valid results. The studied population may be heterogeneous in longitudinal studies, leading to biased estimates. We aimed to assess the impact of oral health education on dental caries in pregnant women using a suitable model in a longitudinal experimental study with heterogeneous random effects.

This longitudinal, experimental research was carried out on pregnant women who visited medical centers in Tehran. The educational group (236 cases) received education for three sessions. The control group (200 cases) received only standard training. The DMFT index assessed oral and dental health at baseline, 6 months, and 24 months after delivery. The Chi‑square test was used for comparing nominal variables and the Mann–Whitney U test for ordinal variables. The zero‑inflated Poisson (ZIP) model was applied under heterogeneous and homogeneous random effects using R 4.2.1, SPSS 26, and SAS 9.4. The level of significance was set at 0.05.

Data from 436 women aged 15 years and older were analyzed. Zero accumulation in the DMFT was mainly related to the filled teeth (51%). The heterogeneous ZIP model fitted better to the data. On average, the intervention group exhibited a higher rate of change in filled teeth over time than the control group (P = 0.021).

The proposed ZIP model is a suitable model for predicting filled teeth in pregnant women. An educational intervention during pregnancy can improve oral health in the long‑term follow‑up.

Postpartum Depression (PPD) is a serious depression that develops in the first year, with unknown explained reasons. Many studies evaluated the impact of Vitamin D (VD) levels on depression during pregnancy and postnatal. This narrative review aims to review any association between serum VD levels during pregnancy and the development of PPD.

PPD data from published trials and research articles (period from 2012 to 2022) were assessed through PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, and Google Scholar using the following terms: Depression, pregnancy, 25‑hydroxyvitamin D (25OH VD), vitamin D deficiency (VDD) and postpartum (PP). Articles were selected manually and with careful tracking to avoid duplication. Articles that investigated any association between VD levels during pregnancy and PPD in the time frame were included in the study, while articles investigating VD levels of PP without depression were excluded.

In this narrative review, five out of seven studies showed an association between PPD and VDD during pregnancy. Danish National Birth Cohort (DNBC), Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES‑D) enrolled among different studies from 3 days to 1 year PP to assess PPD.

Pregnant women with VDD are significantly associated with PPD. Longitudinal follow‑up studies are needed to evaluate the association between VDD with PPD. Screening VD levels among pre‑postnatal mothers may be essential for awareness programs that can be implemented to promote remission of postnatal depression.

One of the coping strategies in stressful situations effectively is resilience skills. Due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‑19) pandemic and its resulting stresses, this study was conducted to determine the relationship between resilience and social and organizational support among nurses working with COVID‑19 patients.

A cross‑sectional study was undertaken on 224 nurses working with COVID‑19 patients in Iran in 2021. A demographic questionnaire, the Connor–Davidson Resilience Scale, Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support, and Survey of Perceived Organisational Support were used for data collection. Data analysis was performed using descriptive and interpretive statistics (Pearson correlation coefficient test and linear regression).

The mean [Standard Deviation (SD)] resilience score was 65.86 (14.01). In addition, the mean (SD) scores of organizational support and social support were 21.57 (4.46) and 65.10 (10.93), respectively. The Pearson correlation coefficient test results showed a statistically significant direct relationship between social support and resilience (r = 0.41, p </em>< 0.001). In addition, there was a statistically significant relationship between organizational support and resilience (r = 0.16, p </em>= 0.01). Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that for each unit increase in social support and organizational support scores, resilience scores increased by 0.41 (p </em>= 0.01) and 0.15 (p </em>< 0.001) units, respectively.

The results of the present study showed a direct relationship between resilience and social support and organizational support in nurses. Due to the prolongation of the COVID‑19 pandemic and the high prevalence of the disease in our country, nursing managers should seriously consider measures to protect their staff.

The incidence of ectopic pregnancy (EP) has increased in recent years, owing to causes such as pelvic inflammatory diseases and assisted reproductive technologies (ART). The present study reported a case of a 33-year-old nulliparous woman with a history of previous ectopic pregnancies, who underwent pelvic ultrasound in August 2022, which revealed a double EP including a cervical pregnancy and a tubal stump pregnancy. Despite known risk factors and elevated beta-human chorionic gonadotropin (β-hCG) levels, a conservative approach, utilizing multiple doses of systemic methotrexate (MTX) injections, was employed to preserve fertility at the Regional Perinatal Center in Aktobe, Kazakhstan. Treatment efficacy was monitored through β-hCG levels and ultrasound imaging, with successful resolution of both EPs and preservation of reproductive function. The present case highlighted the safety and efficacy of MTX therapy in managing complex EP presentations, emphasizing the necessity of individualized treatment approaches in reproductive medicine, particularly in terms of preserving fertility in patients undergoing ART. Multiple high doses of MTX injections were beneficial for pregnancy with two distinct regions, fetal cardiac activity, and elevated serum β-hCG level. Further research is required to explore optimal treatment strategies for EP, considering patient-specific factors and treatment goals.

 Maternal mortality is one of the most important health issues worldwide. Therefore, the current study aimed to determine the causes of maternal mortality in West Azarbaijan-Iran province during 2013-2020.

 In this retrospective cross-sectional study, demographic data and information on maternal deaths (based on the Pregnancy Mortality Surveillance System) were obtained from the treatment deputy of Urmia University of Medical Sciences. The data were collected and analyzed in the West Azarbaijan-Iran province during the 2013-2020 years.

 Over seven years, 102 maternal deaths occurred. The frequency of direct, indirect, and unknown causes of maternal mortality was 35.28%, 60.8%, and 3.92% respectively. Among direct causes, the leading cause of maternal mortality was hemorrhage (23.52%) and sepsis was the next order (7.84%). In indirect causes, brain diseases had the highest frequency (18.9%). Gestational age, place, and technique of delivery were highly related to the death causes (p<0.05). The mother's age (OR: 1.14, 95% CI: 0.51-2.52), being rural (OR:1.34, 95% CI: 0.57-3.15), and having a history of diseases (OR:1.31, 95% CI: 0.59-2.89) were positively associated with the risk of infant’s mortality. While the gestational age (>37w) (OR:0.047, 95% CI: 0.013-0.18, P<0.001) and high education level (OR: 0.64, 95% CI: 0.27-1.57, P=0.33) were inversely correlated with an increased risk of infant mortality.

Direct and indirect causes of hemorrhage were the most common cause of maternal death.  Gestational age, delivery place, and technique of delivery were significantly associated with the type of death causes.

The purpose of this investigation was to examine the potential association between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes during pregnancy.

Gaining insights into the effect of NAFLD on pregnancy outcomes is essential to ensure the health and well-being of mothers and infants.

This prospective cohort study was conducted at Imam Khomeini and Razi hospitals of Ahvaz City in 2022. Totally, 180 pregnant women in the NAFLD group to 180 in the control group. In this study, a researcher-made checklist was used to collect the background information, medical history, and lab data during their initial visit using. Follow-up continued until one week after delivery, with pregnancy outcomes assessed. Statistical analysis used student's t-test and the Chi-Square test for group comparisons.

Significant differences were observed between the NAFLD, and control groups in terms of age (P=0.003), BMI (P=0.016), ALT and AST measures (P<0.001), and hypertensive complications (P=0.044). The NAFLD group had higher rates of gestational diabetes (P<0.001) and gestational hypertension (P=0.003). However, no significant differences were found in gestational age at delivery, early postpartum hemorrhage rates, birth weight, and neonatal Apgar scores (P>0.05).

The pregnant women with NAFLD may be at risk for various complications during pregnancy, including a higher prevalence of gestational diabetes, elevated liver enzymes, and higher blood pressure compared to healthy pregnant women. However, the research failed to identify any statistically significant disparities between infants born to mothers with NAFLD and those delivered to healthy mothers in relation to birth weight, Apgar scores, or neonatal mortality.

Pregnant women with gestational hypertension experience higher level of anxiety during pregnancy. Managing pregnancy anxiety is of particular importance in order to control and manage blood pressure and its related complications. This study was designed to evaluate the effect of counseling based on acceptance and commitment therapy on the anxiety of pregnant women with gestational hypertension.

This randomized clinical trial was conducted in 2021 on 58 pregnant women referring to 5 healthcare centers in Mashhad, Iran. Pregnant women with gestational age of 24-26 weeks with non-severe preeclampsia and gestational hypertension were selected by convenience sampling and then through permutation blocks were randomly placed into two intervention and control groups. Intervention group received 8 group counseling sessions and control group only received the usual pregnancy care. Van den Bergh’s Pregnancy-Related Anxiety Questionnaire (PRAQ) was completed before, immediately and one month after counseling in both groups. Data were analyzed by SPSS (version 25) using independent t test, Mann-Whitney, and analysis of variance with repeated measures. 

No significant difference was found between the two groups in terms of pregnancy anxiety before intervention (182.7±59.2 vs. 202.0±62.2), Immediately (186.3±57.9 vs. 152.3±44.6), and one month after the intervention (190.6±58.3 vs. 154.1±45.5), the mean pregnancy anxiety score significantly reduced in the intervention group compared to the control group (P=0.015, P=0.011).

Counseling based on acceptance and commitment therapy is effective on the anxiety of pregnant women with gestational hypertension. It is therefore recommended to use this counseling approach in delivering pregnancy care to this vulnerable population.