vasa

Spermatogenesis is a process that occurs with the proliferation and differentiation of spermatogonial stem cells. These cells are located on the basement membrane of seminiferous tubules and Sertoli cells surround them. This complex provides an environment that causes spermatogenesis to function and survive. The purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of swimming training and stem cells on the expression of DAZL and VASA genes in azoospermia model rats. The research method is experimental in terms of controlling variables and practical in terms of purpose. Twenty-five 8-week-old rats were selected and after the induction of the azoospermia model, which histological studies showed the clear degeneration of spermatogenic cells, which leads to the formation of thin-walled seminiferous epithelium in most of the seminiferous tubules, which indicates a severe disorder in sperm production, and after confirmation Azoospermia model randomly divided into 5 groups; Healthy, azoospermic, azoospermic+exercise, azoospermic+stem cell group and azoospermic+stem cell+exercise group were divided. One month after the creation of the model, one million stem cells were transplanted once in the vas deferens of each mouse. Swimming training was done daily for 30 minutes a day and 5 days a week for 8 weeks. Genes were measured by Real time-PCR method. Kruskal-Wallis test was used to analyze the data. All calculations were done using SPSS/23 statistical software and at a significant level of P≤0.05. The results showed that there is a difference between the effect of swimming exercises and stem cells on the expression of DAZL (F=22.879 and P=0.0001) and VASA (F=23.359 and P=0.0001) genes in rats. There is a significant difference in the azoospermia model. The results showed that there are significant differences in both variables of the healthy control group and the azoospermic group with all groups, and between the groups of azoospermia+stem cells with azoospermia+exercise and azoospermia+stem cells+exercise as well as the group of azoospermia+exercise with azoospermia+ Stem cells + exercise no significant difference was observed. In general, the results of the present research indicate that regular aerobic exercise such as swimming along with stem cell injection helps in controlling the effects of infertility diseases by increasing the expression of DAZL and VASA genes in improving the process of spermatogenesis.