جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « Burn » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »
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سابقه و هدف
در میان حوادثی که حیات بشر را به خطر می اندازد، سوانح سوختگی از بدترین آن ها به شمار می آید. سوختگی چهارمین ترومای شایع در سراسر جهان می باشد و باعث مرگ، ناتوانی، درد و بروز مشکلات بسیاری می شود. بهبود سریع تر زخم های ناشی ازسوختگی، جزء الویت های بهداشتی کشورها بوده و به عنوان یک اصل در علم درمان حائز اهمیت می باشد. این پژوهش جهت تعیین و مقایسه اثر بخشی استفاده از پانسمان هیدروژل حاوی آلانتوئین و نانو ذره نقره در درمان زخم های سوختگی درجه دو انجام پذیرفته است.
مواد و روش هااین مطالعه به صورت کارآزمایی بالینی شاهددار تصادفی شده، طراحی شد. تعداد 86 بیمار بر اساس معیارهای ورود و خروج از مطالعه، وارد پژوهش شدند و به طور تصادفی به روش بلوک بندی 4 تایی به دو گروه 43=A و 43=B تقسیم شدند. بیماران گروه A هیدروژل حاوی نانو ذرات نقره و آلانتوئین به ضخامت دو میلی متر و سپس بر روی آن گاز خشک و بانداژ را دریافت کردند و بیماران گروه B درمان معمول (گاز چرب، اسید استیک 0/5 درصد و بتادین 1 درصد) را دریافت کردند. درمان موضعی هر 48 ساعت انجام گرفت و پس از هر درمان پانسمان انجام شد. وضعیت زخم از نظر وجود یا عدم وجود بافت گرانولاسیون، خونریزی، درد، عفونت و سایر عوارض زخم یا عوامل بهبودی با ویزیت و مشاهده هر 48 ساعت ثبت و ارزیابی شد.
یافته هامیانگین سن در گروه مداخله 10/2 سال و در گروه شاهد 9/9 سال بود که این اختلاف از نظر آماری معنی دار نبود (0/456=P). بیماران در گروه مداخله 48 درصد مرد و 52 درصد زن و در گروه شاهد 44 درصد مرد و 56 درصد زن بودند که این اختلاف از نظر آماری معنی دار نبود (0/665=P). میانگین درصد سوختگی در گروه مداخله 9/04 درصد و در گروه شاهد9/58درصد بود که این اختلاف از نظر آماری معنی دار نبود (0/289=P). نوع سوختگی در گروه مداخله مایعات 69 درصد و شعله 31 درصد و در گروه شاهد مایعات 65 درصد و شعله 34 درصد بود که این اختلاف از نظر آماری معنی دار نبود (0/645=P). محل سوختگی در گروه مداخله 55 درصد اندام و 45 درصد تنه و در گروه شاهد 63 درصد اندام و 37 درصد تنه بود که این اختلاف از نظر آماری معنی دار نبود (0/510=P). به عبارتی دو گروه از نظر سن، جنس، میانگین درصد سوختگی، مکانیسم و محل سوختگی همگن بوده و اختلاف معنی داری با هم نداشتند. متوسط شروع اپیتلیالیزاسیون در گروه مداخله 4/5 روز (74 درصد بیماران روز 4 و 23 درصد روز 6) و در گروه شاهد6/4 روز (60 درصد بیماران روز 6 و 30 درصد روز 8) بود که این اختلاف از نظر آماری کاملا معنی دار بود (0/001<p). متوسط شدت درد در گروه مداخله 5 از 10 و در گروه شاهد 7 از 10 بود که این اختلاف از نظر آماری کاملا معنی دار بود (0/001<p).
استنتاجنتایج این مطالعه نشان دهنده آن است بیماران پانسمان هیدروژل حاوی نانو ذرات نقره و آلانتوئین، در مقایسه با پانسمان معمول، تفاوت آماری معنی داری از نظر شروع اپیتلیالیزیسیون زخم و شدت درد داشتند. این پانسمان می تواند به عنوان یک جایگزین مناسب در درمان زخم های سوختگی درجه دو در مقایسه با پانسمان های روتین به کار رود. بنابراین معرفی آن به کادر درمانی که نقش اساسی در درمان و مراقبت از بیماران مبتلا به سوختگی بر عهده دارند، باعث می گردد که مدت زمان بستری بیماران کاهش یابد و از هزینه های تحمیلی بر آنان کاسته شود.
کلید واژگان: سوختگی, پانسمان, هیدروژل, ترمیم زخم, نقره}Background and purposeAmong the accidents that threaten human life, burn accidents are one of the worst. Burns are the fourth most common trauma worldwide and cause death, disability, pain, and many other problems. Faster healing of burn wounds is one of the health priorities of countries and it's important as a principle in the science of treatment. This research aims to determine and compare the effectiveness of hydrogel dressings containing allantoin and silver nanoparticles in the treatment of second-degree burn wounds.
Materials and methodsThis study was designed as a randomized controlled clinical trial. A total of 86 patients were selected in the study based on the inclusion and exclusion criteria and were randomly divided into two groups: A=43 and B=43, using a block method of 4. Group A patients received hydrogel containing silver nanoparticles and allantoin with a thickness of 2 millimeters and then sterile gauze and bandage on top of it, and group B patients received the usual treatment (Vaseline gauze, 0.5% acetic acid and 1% betadine). Local treatment was performed every 48 hours, and dressing was applied after each treatment. The condition of the wounds, including the presence or absence of granulation tissue, bleeding, pain, infection, and other wound complications or healing factors, was recorded and evaluated by visiting and observing every 48 hours.
ResultsThe average age in the intervention group was 10.2 years and in the control group was 9.9 years, and the difference was not statistically significant, P=0.456. 48% of the patients in the intervention group were male 52% were female, and in the control group, 44% were male and 56% were female, and the difference was not statistically significant, P=0.665. The average percentage of burns in the intervention group was 9.04% and in the control group was 9.58%, which was not statistically significant P=0.289. The type of burn in the intervention group was liquid 69% and flame 31%, and in the control group, liquid 65% and flame 34%, which was not statistically significant P=0.645.The intervention group had 55% of limbs and 45% of trunk and the control group had 63% of limbs and 37% of trunk, which difference was not statistically significant, P=0.510. In other words, the two groups were homogenous in age, sex, average burn percentage, burn mechanism, and location, and there were no significant differences. The average onset of epithelialization in the intervention group was 4.5 days (74% of patients on day 4 and 23% on day 6) and 6.4 days in the control group (60% of patients on day 6 and 30% on day 8), which was statistically significant P<0.001. The average intensity of pain in the intervention group was 5 out of 10 and in the control group was 7 out of 10, and this difference was statistically significant P<0.001.
ConclusionThe results of this study show that patients treated with a hydrogel dressing containing silver nanoparticles and allantoin had a statistically significant difference in the onset of wound epithelialization and pain intensity, compared to the usual dressing. This dressing can be used as a suitable alternative in the treatment of second-degree burn wounds compared to routine dressings. Therefore, offering it to the medical team, who play an essential role in the treatment of patients with burns, will reduce the length of hospitalization and the costs.
Keywords: burn, dressing, hydrogel, wound healing, silver} -
Background
Burns are wounds caused by thermal, chemical, electrical, or radiation injuries. They are complex wounds that are difficult to heal and are associated with thousands of deaths each year. Cinnamic acid (CA) is a natural organic compound found in plants, fruits, vegetables, and honey. CA possesses antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and wound healing properties.
ObjectivesThe aim of this study was to compare the healing effects of CA with silver sulfadiazine (SSD), a standard topical agent for burn treatment, on deep second-degree burns.
MethodsThis experimental study compared the healing effects of CA and SSD on second-degree burns. Fifteen New Zealand white rabbits weighing 2 to 2.3 kg were divided into 5 equal groups. Deep second-degree burn wounds were created on the backs of the rabbits by contacting a heated circular metal plate. The first group was treated with SSD 1% cream, the second, third, and fourth groups were treated with prepared ointments containing 0.1%, 0.5%, and 1% w/w of CA in Eucerin, respectively. The fifth group was treated with Eucerin alone. Wound healing effects were assessed by measuring the rate of wound contraction and the amount of collagen in tissue specimens obtained from different groups. Additionally, histopathological studies were performed on tissue samples.
ResultsThe results showed that CA was significantly more effective than SSD in burn wound healing. Cinnamic acid ointments significantly increased the rate of wound contraction (P < 0.05) and tissue collagen content (P < 0.001) compared to SSD and Eucerin.
ConclusionsOur findings suggest that topical CA possesses burn wound healing properties and could be used as an effective topical agent for the treatment of burns.
Keywords: Cinnamic Acid, Burn, Wound Healing, Silver Sulfadiazine, Rabbit} -
Background & Aims
Nowadays, herbal medicine with antimicrobial and anti-inflammatory activities, such as Arnebia euchroma, has been considered in the treatment of burn wounds. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the healing effect of Arnebia euchroma L on burn wounds in rats by reviewing the results of published studies in this field.
Materials & MethodsThe keywords "Arnebia euchroma", "burn", and "rat", and their synonyms were explored in PubMed, Scopus, and ScienceDirect for English articles, and SID, Magiran, and Irandoc for Persian articles without time limitation until May 4, 2021. Inclusion criteria for this study were laboratory research articles focused on the effect of Arnebia euchroma L on wound healing in rats. Finally, the included studies were reviewed and assessed according to the given criteria.
ResultsAmongst the seven articles included in this research, four articles studied the healing effect of the medicine on second-degree burn wounds, one article addressed third-degree burn wounds, and two articles generally studied burn wounds. Arnebia euchroma L has been found to be effective in healing burn wounds in approximately 57% of studies, while the rest of the studies have emphasized its ineffectiveness in accelerating burn wound healing.
ConclusionThe literature review demonstrated that Arnebia euchroma is effective in both healing and accelerating the recovery of burn wounds. Since there is an insignificant difference between the number of studies that have found this medicine effective and the number of those that have found it ineffective, further studies are required to determine the effectiveness of this medicine.
Keywords: Arnebia euchroma, Burn, Systematic review, Wound} -
زمینه و هدف
بیمارستان ها به عنوان یکی از پرهزینه ترین بخش های اصلی نظام سلامت، از اهمیت ویژه ای در میان سازمان های ارائه خدمات بهداشت و درمان برخوردار هستند و مدیریت منابع مالی در این بخش به منظور ادامه حیات و ارائه خدمات، امری ضروری محسوب می شود. پر هزینه بودن بخش سوختگی و مراقبت های بعد از درمان در نیروهای مسلح که یکی از مورد نیازترین بخش های این سازمان است، موجب شده تا تجزیه و تحلیل مالی بخش سوختگی در یکی از بیمارستان های وابسته به این سازمان مورد بررسی و کنکاش قرار گیرد. هدف اصلی این مطالعه این است که سیاست گذاران و مدیران بخش سلامت کشور، در حوزه بخش سوختگی و تامین نیازهای این بخش در بحث بین کیفیت و مقرون به صرفه بودن ایجاد بخش سوختگی در عرصه بهداشت و درمان سیاست مناسبی را اتخاذ کنند تا علاوه بر کاهش هزینه های این بخش، تاثیرات مثبت بیرونی از جمله کاهش فشارهای روانی وارد بر افراد آسیب دیده را پی ریزی نمایند.
روش پژوهش:
این مطالعه به صورت مقطعی و توصیفی بخش سوختگی را در یکی از بیمارستان های وابسته به نیروهای مسلح در سال های 1399 و 1400 مورد تجزیه و تحلیل مالی قرار داده است. داده های مورد نیاز از طریق بررسی تمامی صورت های مالی بیمارستان و اسناد پرداختی بیماران طی دوره مورد بررسی جمع آوری گردیده و شاخص های درآمدی، هزینه و سودآوری با استفاده از نرم افزار Excel محاسبه و تحلیل شده است.
یافته هابر اساس نتایح هزینه های محاسبه شده در بخش سوختگی بیش از 62 میلیارد و درآمدهای حاصل از بستری بیماران در این بخش حدود 61 میلیارد به دست آمد. شاخص درآمد دارویی به کل درآمد 35/0، درآمد دارویی به هزینه دارویی 0/10 و نسبت درآمد هتلینگ به کل درآمد نیز 0/37محاسبه شد. در میان شاخص های هزینه نیز، شاخص نسبت هزینه دارو و لوازم پزشکی به کل هزینه ها 31/0، سهم هزینه انرژی از کل هزینه 0/002و درصد هزینه پرسنلی به کل منابع 0/56و شاخص سودآوری نیز برابر با 0/97بود.
نتیجه گیریبر اساس نتایج، اگرچه بخش سوختگی به ویژه در نیروهای مسلح از نظر اقتصادی با صرفه نیست، از نظر اجتماعی و به واسطه رسالت بهداشت و درمان نیروهای مسلح که پشتیبانی موثر از ماموریتهای نیروهای مسلح و تامین نیازهای افراد تحت پوشش نیروهای مسلح است، ایجاد این بخش امری راهبردی محسوب شده و استفاده بهینه از منابع و کاهش هزینه های غیرضروری در آن به جهت صرفه اقتصادی امری لازم و ضروری است. از این رو، استقرار نظام سیستماتیک ارزیابی عملکرد مالی، برون سپاری خدمات، ارائه سوبسید و بالابردن تعرفه های سوختگی به منظور بهبود عملکرد بخش سوختگی در بیمارستان های دولتی روش های پیشنهادی این مطالعه به جهت ارتقای شاخص های مالی، بهره وری و مدیریت عالی در ارائه خدمات به بیماران بخش سوختگی است.
کلید واژگان: اقتصاد سلامت, تجزیه و تحلیل مالی, هزینه, فایده, سوختگی, مدیریت مالی, بیمارستان}BackgroundAs one of the most expensive sections of health system, hospitals are of special importance among healthcare service providers, and the management of financial resources in this sector is essential for continuous provision of services. The high cost of the burn department and post-treatment care in the armed forces, which is one of the most needed units of this organization, has led to the financial analysis of the burn department in Chamran Hospital. The main goal of this study is for the policy-makers and managers of the country's health sector to adopt a suitable policy in the debate between quality and cost-effectiveness of establishing a burn unit in the field of health and treatment, so that, in addition to reducing the costs of this sector, they focus on positive external effects, including reducing the psychological pressure on the affected people.
MethodsThis cross-sectional and descriptive study analyzed burn department in one of the hospitals affiliated with the armed forces in 2020 and 2021. The required data was collected through the review of all the hospital financial statements and patient payment documents during the period under study, and the income, cost and profitability indicators were calculated and analyzed using Excel software.
ResultsBased on the results, the calculated costs in the burn department were more than 62 billion tomans, and the income from hospitalization of patients was about 61 billion tomans. The index of pharmaceutical income to total income was calculated as 0.35, pharmaceutical income to pharmaceutical cost was 0.10, and the ratio of hoteling income to total income was 0.37. Among the cost indicators, the ratio of the cost of medicine and medical supplies to the total costs was 0.31, the energy cost to the total cost was 0.002, the percentage of personnel cost to the total resources was 0.56. Moreover, the profitability index was calculated as 0.97.
ConclusionAccording to the results, although the burn department, especially in the armed forces, is not cost-efficient from an economic point of view, from a social point of view and due to the health and treatment mission of the armed forces, which is the efficient support of the armed forces and meeting their needs. Establishing this sector is considered a strategic matter and the optimal use of resources and reduction of unnecessary costs is necessary for cost efficiency. Therefore, the establishment of a systematic system for evaluating financial performance, outsourcing services, providing subsidies, and raising burn tariffs in order to improve the performance of the burn department in government hospitals are the methods proposed in this study to improve financial indicators, productivity, and excellent management in providing services to the patients in the burn department.
Keywords: Health economics, Financial analysis, Cost, Benefit, Burn, Financial management, Hospital} -
ObjectiveThis study investigated the demographic characteristics and factors influencing burn injuries,primarily in low socioeconomic societies where such incidents are prevalent due to factors such as illiteracyand poverty.MethodsThis cross-sectional study included all burn patients admitted to Shahid Motahari Hospital inTehran, Iran. Demographic data such as age, sex, occupation, education level, and residence as well as detailedinformation about the burn incidents such as date, time, location, number of people present at the scene, andreferral place was collected. Additionally, comprehensive burn details such as cause, extent, severity, previoushistory, and need for hospitalization directly at the emergency department were documented.ResultsThe study included 2213 patients (mean age 34.98±19.41 years; range 1-96), with a men predominance(60.6%). The majority of burns (64.4%) occurred at home, primarily due to accidents (99.6%), with boilingwater being the most common cause (39.2%). The most frequent burns were second-degree burns (91.8%),with an average injured body area of 6.31±6.67%. There were significant correlations between burn severityand demographic factors such as age, sex, occupation, cause of burn, hospital admission, outcome, and lengthof stay. Remarkably, the extent of burns was negatively correlated with the distance to the hospital, whilepositively correlated with the length of hospital stay.ConclusionBurn injuries were significantly influenced by demographic factors. Enhancing treatment facilitiesand reducing the time and distance to medical care could be crucial in high-risk cases.Keywords: Demographic variables, Burn, emergency}
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زمینه و هدف
سوختگی یکی از شدیدترین اشکال تروماست که به طرق مختلف سبب تخریب پوست و بافت های زیر جلدی با شدت و وسعت متفاوت می شود. کاهش موثر علایم خارش پس از سوختگی یک مشکل عمده در توانبخشی همه بیماران سوختگی است. با این حال، اگرچه درمان های بالقوه زیادی برای خارش وجود دارد، هنوز توافق نظری در مورد بهترین درمان وجود ندارد. این مطالعه به منظور بررسی و مقایسه تاثیر داروی ستیریزین، گاباپنتین و روغن نارگیل در کاهش میزان خارش پوست پس از بهبودی زخم سوختگی انجام گرفت.
مواد و روش هاجامعه پژوهش حاضر از بین بیماران مرکز سوختگی امیرالمومنین شیراز در سال 1401 که دچار سوختگی خفیف تا حاد که به درمان مقاوم هستند و بعضا دچار خونریزی هستند، انتخاب شدند. در این مطالعه، بعد از تایید کمیته اخلاقی شورای پژوهشی دانشگاه و رضایت بیماران، تعداد 150 نفر افراد واجد شرایط داوطلب وارد مطالعه شده و به تصادف به گروه های مطالعه تخصیص داده شدند. برای جمع آوری داده ها از نمونه مورد مطالعه، از پرسشنامه خارش یوسیپویچ و همکارانش (2001) استفاده شد. داده های به دست آمده با استفاده از t همبسته و تحلیل کواریانس و با کمک برنامه آماری (SPSS) مورد تجزیه و تحلیل آماری قرار گرفتند.
یافته هامیانگین و انحراف استاندارد میزان خارش محل سوختگی در قبل داروی سیتریزین برابر 32/4 و 74/0 شد. همچنین میانگین و انحراف استاندارد میزان خارش محل سوختگی در بعد داروی سیتریزین برابر 04/3 و 57/1 شد. میانگین و انحراف استاندارد میزان خارش محل سوختگی در قبل داروی گاباپنتین برابر 98/4 و 82/0 شد. همچنین میانگین و انحراف استاندارد میزان خارش محل سوختگی در بعد داروی گاباپنتین برابر 66/1 و 47/0 شد. میانگین و انحراف استاندارد میزان خارش محل سوختگی در قبل روغن نارگیل برابر 40/4 و 76/1 شد. همچنین، میانگین و انحراف استاندارد میزان خارش محل سوختگی در بعد روغن نارگیل برابر 60/1 و 49/0 شد.
نتیجه گیریاین پژوهش نشان داد که هر سه داروی ستیریزین، گاباپنتین و روغن نارگیل باعث کاهش خارش پس از سوختگی می شوند که درجه تاثیرات متفاوتی از خود نشان دادند. پیگیری دراز مدت بیماران پس از ترخیص از بیمارستان نشان داد که بعد از عمل پیوند، خارش پس از سوختگی کمتر می باشد.
کلید واژگان: ستیریزین, گاباپنتین, روغن نارگیل, سوختگی, خارش, آنالیز آماری}Introduction & ObjectiveBurns is one of the most severe forms of trauma that cause damage to the skin and subcutaneous tissues in different ways with different severity and extent. Effective reduction of itching symptoms after burns is a major problem in rehabilitating all burn patients. However, although there are many potential treatments for pruritus, there is still no consensus on the best treatment. This study was conducted to investigate and compare the effects of cetirizine, gabapentin, and coconut oil in reducing skin itching after burn wound healing.
Materials & MethodsThe present research population was selected from among the patients of Amir-Al-Momenin burn hospital affiliated with Shiraz University of Medical Sciences who suffered from mild to severe burns that are resistant to treatment and sometimes have bleeding. In this study, after the approval of the ethical committee of the University Research Council and the consent of the patients, 150 people were selected by random sampling. To collect data from the studied sample, the questionnaire of Khars Yusipovich et al. (2001) was used. The obtained data were statistically analyzed using t-correlated and covariance analysis and with the help of SPSS.
ResultsThe average and standard deviation of the itchiness of the burn site before the cetirizine drug is 4.32 and 0.74. Also, the average and standard deviation of the itchiness of the burn site after the cetirizine drug is equal to 3.04 and 1.57. The mean and standard deviation of the itchiness of the burn site before the gabapentin drug are equal to 4.98 and 0.82. Also, the average and standard deviation of the itchiness of the burn site after the gabapentin drug is equal to 1.66 and 0.47. The average and standard deviation of the itchiness of the burn site before coconut oil is equal to 4.40 and 1.76. Also, the mean and standard deviation of the itchiness of the burn site after coconut oil is equal to 1.60 and 0.49. The intensity of itching was measured before and after the administration of cetirizine, gabapentin, and coconut oil, and there was a significant difference between all three groups.
ConclusionsThis study showed that all three drugs, cetirizine, gabapentin, and coconut oil, reduce itching after burns and coconut oil showed the greatest effect, followed by gabapentin and finally cetirizine. The long-term follow-up of patients after discharge from the hospital showed that after transplant surgery, itching was less and that patients who lived in cold areas experienced less itching after burns.
Keywords: Cetirizine, Gabapentin, Coconut Oil, Burn, Itching, Statistical Analysis} -
Background
According to recent statistics, the rate of burns in Iran is higher than the world’s average. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the treatment protocols as much as possible.
ObjectivesThis study investigated the level of mineral intake (iron, zinc, selenium) and thyroid hormones (TSH, T3, T4) serum levels among burn patients.
MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted on 24 patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU) of Taleghani Hospital, Ahvaz, Iran. The Kolmogorov-Smirnov test was used to check the normality of the distribution of quantitative variables. Blood samples were taken on the first, third, and fifth days of hospitalization. Serum levels of zinc, selenium, iron, T3, T4, and TSH were measured. The correlation of qualitative variables was examined using the chi-square test, and the correlation of quantitative variables was examined using Spearman's correlation analysis. The t-test was used to compare the means in two different groups with the standard value. The generalized estimating equation (GEE) test was used to investigate the effect of time and compare the two groups. Statistical analysis of the data was performed in SPSS v. 22.
ResultsThe levels of iron, zinc, selenium, and thyroid hormones changed during the examined days, but these changes were not statistically significant. The amount of the analyzed elements in some cases was lower than their standard serum average, but this difference was significant only for selenium. Besides, there was no significant relationship between iron, zinc, T3, TSH, and the length of stay at the ICU; this relationship was positive and significant only for T4.
ConclusionsBurn patients in the ICU have insufficient intake of minerals. Changes occur in the serum levels of micronutrients in these patients, affecting their physiological conditions and reducing the speed of recovery.
Keywords: Burn, Minerals, Thyroid Hormones, Food Intake} -
Objective
The hypermetabolic response has undoubtedly evolved to help survive burns, but this physiological response has inconsistent consequences and increases the clinical consequences, such as increased heart work and ultimately its decline, decreased immune system function, risk of sepsis, increased long-term hospitalization, which increases the mortality of patients. This study aims to examine the effect of propranolol on post-traumatic stress disorder and clinical outcomes in burn patients.
MethodsThis was an open-labeled randomized clinical trial in a single center with two parallel groups without placebo control. Propranolol was given 48 hours after starting of resuscitation.
ResultsIn this study, the burn wound of the patients who used propranolol healed faster. In addition, the administration of propranolol reduced the size of the burning surface, the size of the tissue required skin graft, the rejection rate of skin grafts, and also the length of stay in the hospital.
ConclusionUsing propranolol in treating burns can play an influential role in the recovery of burn patients, and reduce the post-traumatic stress disorder.
Keywords: Burn, Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, Propranolol, Skin Graft} -
Local Flap Reconstruction of Burn Contractures in Extremities and Neck: A Nine-Year Experience with Long-Term Outcome Evaluation in Southwestern IranBackground
Treating burn scar contractures remains challenging for reconstructive surgeons; no clear guidelines declare the optimal and most effective technique. We evaluated the efficacy of local flaps in treating patients with post-burn contractures.
MethodsThis retrospective study included 243 patients with post-burn contractures referred to Taleghani Hospital (Khuzestan, southwest Iran) for local flap reconstruction from 2011 to 2020. Patients' demographic data, detailed descriptions of scars, surgical procedures, and flap outcomes were assessed. A plastic surgeon conducted all surgical procedures, the goals of which were to release the scar and cover the defect. Joint range of motion (ROM) (according to goniometric measurements), complications, need for second-stage surgery, and patient satisfaction were assessed.
ResultsAfter scar release, 70.4% of joints were covered with a Z-plasty and similar local flaps, 26.1% with a Z-plasty plus skin grafts, and 3.5% with only skin grafts. The outcome after one year revealed a significant improvement in mean ROM (by 45.80% of the normal ROM; P< 0.001). The mean functional and aesthetic satisfaction scores were 9.45 and 7.61 out of 10, respectively. The complication rate was 10.82%: re-contracture occurred in 3.82%, flap tip necrosis in 1.27%, and partial flap necrosis in 0.31%.
ConclusionSimple local flaps such as the Z-plasty are safe and effective in covering the joint following post-burn contracture release. Due to the feasibility, minimal need for facilities, steep learning curve, acceptable functional and aesthetic outcomes, and low complication rate, we strongly recommend the Z-plasty for reconstructing burn contractures, particularly in LMICs.
Keywords: Contracture, Burn, Z-plasty, Flap, Reconstruction} -
Introduction
Burns and their resulting wounds are a global injury. Finding natural ingredients to speed up wound healing in patients with fewer side effects can be valuable. The aim of this study was to evaluate the oral effect of extract of Centella Asiati on pain and the healing process of burn wounds.
MethodsThis study is a clinical trial in which 76 patients admitted to the burn ward were included in the study after considering the inclusion criteria and were randomly divided into two groups of intervention (n = 38) and control (n = 38). Patients' wounds were first examined on the seventh and fifteenth days with the Bets-Jensen instrument. The intervention group, in addition to the usual antibiotic treatments, received capsules containing 200 mg of Centella Asiati twice daily (8 am and 8 pm) and the control group received capsules containing 200 mg of starch twice daily. The results were analyzed using descriptive statistics and inferential statistics and SPSS statistical software.
FindingsThe mean burn pain score after consuming Centella asiatica extract showed a significant improvement in the intervention group compared to the control group (p<0.001). The average wound healing score in the intervention group compared to the control group did not show significant improvement compared to the control group (p<0.561). However, size (p<0.561), undermining (p<0.023), necrotic tissue amount (p<0.015) and tissue granulation (p<0.001) had improved significantly in the intervention group. In addition, the results showed that Peripheral tissue edema (p<0.008) in the control group had a significant decrease compared to the intervention group.
ConclusionAccording to the results of this study, the oral Centella asiatica extract reduced pain in patients with burn, however, it did not affect wound healing, although it improved a number of wound healing indicators. Similar studies on larger sample using other wound measurement tools are recommended.
Keywords: Burn, Wound Healing, Centella Asiati} -
سابقه و هدف
درد ناشی از زخم سوختگی حین اجرای رویه های درمانی باعث اضطراب در بیماران می شود. سلامت معنوی و تاب آوری از عوامل موثر بر اضطراب هستند. هدف از این مطالعه تعیین رابطه ی سلامت معنوی با تاب آوری و اضطراب ناشی از درد زخم در بیماران دچار سوختگی است.
مواد و روش هادر این مطالعه ی مقطعی، 213 بیمار دچار سوختگی دارای معیار ورود به مطالعه، به روش نمونه گیری تصادفی انتخاب شدند. برای گردآوری داده ها از پرسش نامه های اطلاعات دموگرافیک، سلامت معنوی پولوتزین و الیسون، تاب آوری کانردیویدسون و اضطراب درد سوختگی استفاده شده است. تحلیل داده ها با استفاده از آزمون های تی و آنالیز واریانس یک طرفه و نرم افزار SPSS نسخه ی 21، در سطح معنی داری (0/05≤P) انجام شد.
یافته هانتایج نشان داد اکثر بیماران مرد (62/91 درصد) با میانگین سنی 12/72 ± 38/21 سال بوده اند. نمره ی میانگین و انحراف معیار سلامت معنوی، اضطراب درد زخم و تاب آوری به ترتیب 21/20 ± 73/63، 16/18 ± 52/83 و 13/51 ± 58/24 به دست آمد. بین سلامت معنوی و تاب آوری (0/001=P، 0/384=r) و بین تاب آوری و اضطراب ناشی از درد زخم (0/045=P، 0/138-=r) ارتباط معنی داری وجود داشت؛ اما بین سلامت معنوی و اضطراب ناشی از درد زخم ارتباط معناداری دیده نشد (0/702=P، 0/026-=r).
نتیجه گیریبا توجه به وجود درد بیماران دچار سوختگی حین رویه های درمانی و همچنین وجود ارتباط بین سلامت معنوی و تاب آوری و اضطراب درد می توان با ارتقای سلامت معنوی، تاب آوری بیماران را بگذرانند و با افزایش تاب آوری، اضطراب آن ها را کاهش داد و موجب شد که بیماران راحت تر دوران سوختگی را پشت سر بگذارند.
کلید واژگان: اضطراب, تاب آوری, درد, سلامت معنوی, سوختگی}Background and ObjectiveBurn pain during therapeutic procedures causes anxiety in patients. Spiritual health and resilience are factors affecting anxiety. The present study aimed to determine the relationship between spiritual health with resilience and wound pain anxiety in burn patients.
Materials and MethodsIn this cross-sectional study, 213 patients were selected by random sampling method. Demographic information, Polotzin and Ellison's spiritual health questionnaire, Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, and Burns Specific Pain Anxiety Scale were used to collect data. T-tests and one-way analysis of variance were used to analyze the collected data. Data analysis was performed using SPSS software (version 21).
ResultsThe findings showed that most patients were male (62.91%) with an average age of 38.21 ± 12.72. The average scores of spiritual health, wound pain anxiety, and resilience were 73.63 ± 21.20, 52.83 ± 16.18, and 58.24 ± 13.51, respectively. Although a significant relationship was found between spiritual health and resilience and between resilience and wound pain anxiety, no significant relationship was seen between spiritual health and wound pain anxiety.
ConclusionBurn patients suffer a lot of pain during procedures such as dressings. Considering the relationship between spiritual health, burn pain anxiety and resilience, educational workshops are suggested to increase spiritual health, resilience and better tolerance during hospitalization.
Keywords: Anxiety, Burn, Pain, Resilience, Spiritual Health} -
زمینه و هدف
سوختگی یکی از مشکلات شایع در سراسر جهان است. زخم سوختگی در مواردی که دچار عفونت بیمارستانی می شود یکی از دلایل اصلی فوت این بیماران می باشد. این مطالعه با هدف، تعیین شیوع و نوع عفونت زخم در بیماران سوختگی بستری شده در بیمارستان 5 آذر گرگان انجام شد.
مواد و روش هادراین مطالعه توصیفی گذشته نگر از مجموع 99 پرونده بیمار دچار سوختگی درجه 2 و بالاتر که در بیمارستان بستری بودند، تعداد 62 پرونده وارد مطالعه شدند و 37 پرونده بدلیل فوت بیماران و یا ناقص بودن اطلاعات از مطالعه خارج شدند. اطلاعات دموگرافیک، سابقه بیماری زمینه ای، مدت زمان بستری، درصد سوختگی، نوع سوختگی و نوع عفونت به کمک سیستم HIS پایش شد و در چک لیست ثبت شدند. دادها با نرم افزار SPSS22 و آزمون های میانگین، فراوانی، کای اسکور، دقیق فیشر و یو من ویتنی در سطح معناداری 05/0 تجزیه و تحلیل شد.
یافته هااز 62 بیمار، تعداد 55(%88.7) بیمار دچار عفونت شدند و 7 (11.3%)بیمار عفونت نداشتند. شایعترین عامل ایجاد عفونت باکتری های گرم منفی(%32.3) بودند. عفونت با مدت زمان کل بستری(0/009 =p=)، درصد سوختگی(0/004=p) و محل سوختگی در اندام های فوقانی( p=0/022) ارتباط آماری معناداری داشت. عفونت با ویژگی های دموگرافیک شامل جنسیت، وجود سابقه قبلی، سن و شاخص توده بدنی ارتباط معناداری نداشت.
نتیجه گیریدرصد سوختگی و محل دچار سوختگی در اندام های فوقانی و مدت زمان اقامت بیمار در بیمارستان در ایجاد و میزان عفونت موثر است در نتیجه کاهش زمان بستری بیمار در بیمارستان از به وجود آمدن عفونت تا حدودی جلوگیری می کند.
کلید واژگان: سوختگی, عفونت بیمارستانی, میکروب}Scientific Journal of Nursing, Midwifery and Paramedical Faculty, Volume:9 Issue: 1, 2023, PP 27 -35Background &
AimBurns are one of the most common problems worldwide. Burn wound in cases of hospital infection is one of the main causes of death of these patients. This study was conducted with the aim of determining the prevalence and type of wound infection in burn patients admitted to 5 Azar Hospital in Gorgan.
Materials &methodsIn this retrospective descriptive study, out of a total of 99 cases of patients with 2nd degree burns and above who were hospitalized, 62 cases were included in the study and 37 cases were excluded due to the death of the patients or incomplete information. Demographic information, underlying disease history, duration of hospitalization, percentage of burn, type of burn and type of infection were monitored with the help of HIS system and recorded in the checklist. Data were analyzed with SPSS22 software and mean, frequency, chi-score, Fisher's exact and U-Man-Whitney tests at a significance level of 0.05.
ResultsOut of 62 patients, 55 (88.7%) patients had an infection and 7 (11.3%) patients did not have an infection. The most common cause of infection were Gram-negative bacteria (32.3%). Infection had a statistically significant relationship with the total length of hospitalization (p=0.009), burn percentage (p=0.004) and burn site in the upper limbs (p=0.022). Infection had no significant relationship with demographic characteristics including gender, previous history, age and body mass index.
ConclusionThe percentage of burns and the place of burns in the upper limbs and the duration of the patient's stay in the hospital are effective in causing and the rate of infection. As a result, reducing the time of the patient's stay in the hospital prevents the infection to some extent.
Keywords: burn, hospital infection, microbe, HIS} -
زمینه و هدف
بیماران مبتلا به سوختگی در هنگام تعویض پانسمان، سطوح بالایی از اضطراب پیش بینی شده را تجربه می کنند. یکی از روش های کنترل این اضطراب، استفاده از روش های طب مکمل است. مطالعه ی حاضر با هدف مقایسه ی اثربخشی آرام سازی پیش رونده و تکنیک تنفس شکمی بر اضطراب درد پانسمان سوختگی انجام شد.
روش بررسیاین مطالعه از نوع کارآزمایی بالینی تصادفی با گروه کنترل بود. تعداد 45 بیمار مراجعه کننده به بیمارستان سوختگی زارع ساری به روش نمونه گیری در دسترس انتخاب شدند و به صورت تصادفی در سه گروه تقسیم شدند. گروه اول مداخله ی آرام سازی را دریافت کردند، گروه دوم مداخله ی تکنیک تنفسی را دریافت کردند و گروه شاهد، درمان استاندارد را دریافت کرد. جهت سنجش میزان اضطراب درد پانسمان سوختگی از ابزار اضطراب ناشی از درد پانسمان سوختگی (BSPAS: Burn Specific Pain Anxiety Scale) استفاده شد. برای تجزیه و تحلیل داده ها از نرم افزار SPSS استفاده شد. از روش های آماری توصیفی و تحلیل کواریانس و آزمون تعقیبی توکی جهت تجزیه و تحلیل اطلاعات استفاده شد.
یافته هابراساس نتایج، 28 درصد افراد شرکت کننده در مطالعه مجرد و 72 درصد متاهل بودند. از لحاظ سنی بیشتر افراد شرکت کننده بین 31 تا 40 سال قرار داشتند. یافته ها نشان داد که میانگین سطح اضطراب درد در سه گروه آماری قبل از مداخله اختلاف معنی داری نداشت. اما میانگین اضطراب درد پانسمان سوختگی بعد از مداخله بین گروه آرام سازی و گروه شاهد (0/001>P) و گروه تکنیک های تنفسی و گروه شاهد (0/001>P) اختلاف معناداری داشته است؛ به گونه ای که میانگین اضطراب درد پانسمان سوختگی در گروه آرام سازی 8/60 واحد نسبت به گروه شاهد و در گروه تکنیک های تنفسی 11/60 واحد نسبت به گروه شاهد کاهش یافته بود.
نتیجه گیریاستفاده از روش های آرام سازی پیش رونده و تکنیک تنفسی که جزو روش های غیردارویی بوده جهت کاهش اضطراب درد پانسمان در بیماران سوختگی پیشنهاد می شود. این روش ها ساده و کم هزینه بوده و می تواند از پیامدهای اضطراب درد پانسمان بکاهد.
کلید واژگان: آرام سازی پیش رونده, تکنیک تنفسی, سوختگی, پرستار, اضطراب درد}Background and AimBurned patients experience a high level of anxiety during dress changing. The use of complementary medicine is one of the methods of anxiety management that many studies have conducted about it in recent years. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of progressive relaxation with abdominal respiration technique on pain anxiety of burn dressing.
Materials and MethodsThis study was a randomized clinical trial with a control group. We selected forty-five patients referred to Zare Hospital in Sari through simple sampling and assigned into three groups. The first group received relaxation intervention, the second group received respiratory technique intervention, and no intervention was performed in the control group. Burn Specific Pain Anxiety Scale (BSPAS) was used to measure pain-related anxiety. SPSS software version 20 was used to analyze the data. Descriptive statistics, ANOVA and Tukey’s post hoc test were used for data analysis.
ResultsBased on the results, 28% of the participants in the study were single and 72% were married. In terms of age, most of the participants were between 31 and 40 years old. The findings showed that there was no significant difference between the mean pain anxiety levels in the three groups before the intervention. There was a significant difference in the average burn dressing pain anxiety after the intervention between the relaxation group and the control group (P<0.001) and the breathing techniques group and the control group (P<0.000), so that the average burn dressing pain anxiety in the group Relaxation was reduced by 8.60 units as compared to the control group and in the breathing techniques group by 11.60 units as compared to the control group.
ConclusionsThe use of relaxation “techniques” and respiratory techniques, which are non-pharmacological methods, are recommended during dress changing in the burned patient. These methods are simple and inexpensive and can reduce the effects of pain anxiety during dress changing.
Keywords: Relaxation Technique, Respiratory Technique, Burn, Nurse, Pain Anxiety} -
Aims
Pilates is a sport that may play a role in reducing pain and healing burns faster like other sports, but these effects have not been investigated in a study. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of Pilates exercise on pain control and wound healing among patients with second-degree burns.
Materials & MethodsThis randomized clinical trial in which 64 patients were randomly divided into intervention, and control groups was conducted in 2019 in Amir al-Momenin Burn Injury Hospital in Shiraz, Iran. Intervention group patients received 12 sessions of 45 to 60 minutes of Pilates exercise individually and control group patients received routine care. In both groups, pain was assessed once before and 11 times after the intervention using the Visual Analogue Scale. Like pain, wound healing was assessed in both groups once before and 7th day and 14th days after the intervention using the Bets-Jensen Wound Healing Questionnaire. The data were analyzed using SPSS 21 software.
FindingsIn all times of the measurement, the mean of pain score and wound healing after the intervention were significantly improved in intervention group than control group (p< 0.05).
ConclusionPilates exercise improves pain and burn wound healing in burned patients and it can be considered as a complementary intervention in the management of pain and wounds among patients with second-degree burns by health care providers.
Keywords: Pain, Wound Healing, Pilates, Exercise, Burn} -
Background
Pain is a common and challenging problem in burn patients. The severity of pain in these patients often requires multi drug therapy. On the other hand, with increasing the number and dosage of drugs, the complications increase, so finding an instruction that provides acceptable analgesia with minimal complications is necessary.
MethodsBased on the dose and half-life, the initial dose for paracetamol was 15 mg/kg every 6 hours, this dose was reduced to 30% after three days of initiation of the treatment to prevent liver toxicity and was discontinued after one week. Morphine started with an initial dose of 0.01 mg/kg/h and for opioid-tolerant patients, the initial dose was 0.02 mg/kg/h. Morphine infusion dose raised by 30 percent every week. The continuous intravenous infusion of ketamine (0.15 mg/kg/hr) with continuous intravenous infusion of morphine was administered by a silicone pump.
ResultsThe mean NRS was significantly reduced in the first visit after the intervention (three hours later) (8.5 ± 1.04 vs.3.9 ± 1.74; p <0.001) and this decrease was observed in NRS in continuous observations (P> 0.001). Pain reduction was independent of history of opioids use.
ConclusionContinuous infusion of ketamine, morphine and paracetamol showed an effective pain management program for burn patients.
Keywords: Burn, Pain, Ketamine, Morphine, Paracetamol, Analgesia} -
Objective
According to the reports of the World Health Organization approximately 300,000 deaths occuryearly worldwide due to burns or burn-associated injuries. This study aims to review the epidemiology of burnsin pediatrics and adolescents in Fars province between 2017 and 2018.
MethodsThis is a cross-sectional study that investigated all people ≤18 years old who suffered from burninjuries in Fars province between 2017 and 2018. We use data from the file of burn patients which was providedby pre-hospital emergency services of Fars province. This data comprises demographic information (age andgender), burn-related information (type, degree, and severity of burns), mode of transfer (outpatient surgery ortransfer to hospital) and the outcome of the disease (death before arrival to the hospital or alive).
ResultsThe average age of the subjects of this study was 5.8±8.9. We also categorized the subjects into fourage groups, 1-4, 5-8, 9-13 and 15-18 years. The number of boys who suffered from burn injuries is significantlymore than the girls (p=0.011). Also, there is a remarkable correlation between burn with age (p<0.001) andburn with disease outcome (p=0.01). The Most common cause of burns in boys was nonchemical hot objectsand liquids (28.5%). Likewise, the possibility of mortality in burn patients who faced an electric shock was22.66%. ([95%CI=2.32-220.63], p<0.001 OR=22.66).
ConclusionThis study shows that pediatrics and adolescents ≤ 4 have the most burn injuries, and boys havetwice as many burn events as girls. More importantly, the most common cause of burns in both genders wasburning with non-chemical hot objects and liquids, in particular, in the age group of 1-4 years, in which eventhappens at home.
Keywords: Burn, Pediatrics, adolescents, Epidemiology, Pre-hospital emergency} -
ObjectivesTo study the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of flaxseed oil and olive oil on inflammatorymarkers for facilitating wound healing.MethodsOne hundred and twelve patients were randomly selected to four groups with a total burn surfacearea (TBSA) of 20-50%. The four groups includes olive oil (OO), flaxseed oil (FO), mixture of olive oil andflaxseed oil (OF), and control group and received 30g of oils for three weeks. Serum high-sensitivity C-reactiveprotein (hs-CRP), ferritin and albumin level as inflammatory markers, as well as cholesterol, triglyceride,high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) as the lipid profile were explored. Woundhealing was assessed by photographing on days 2, 8, 15, and 22 (during three weeks of intervention) and wereanalyzed in imageJ software.ResultsThe greatest reduction in the level of hs-CRP and ferritin was observed in the OF (-21.38±44.41)(-132.79±165.36), while the lowest reduction was reported in the control group (-36.36±79.03) (141.08±262.36).Compared to control group, OO significantly increased albumin (0.88±0.65). Reduction of wound healing at theend of the first week of intervention was not significant in the study groups. However, the stereology examinationshowed significant improvement in wound healing at the end of the second and third weeks in the OF.ConclusionBased on the findings, combination of herbal oils reduce inflammation and improve wound healingand showed positive effects on the size of wounds in burn patients.Keywords: Flaxseed oil, Olive oil, Burn, Wound, Inflammation indices}
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Background
The incidence and mortality rates of burns have decreased dramatically with the advancement of medical technology; however, it is still challenging.
ObjectivesThis study aimed to investigate the status of preoperative anxiety and postoperative pain in pediatric burn patients and analyze the correlation between preoperative anxiety and postoperative pain.
MethodsThis cross-sectional study was conducted on pediatric burn patients who underwent burn surgery under general anesthesia in Qinghai Provincial People's Hospital, Xining, China, from October 2020 to August 2021. For the evaluation of postoperative pain, the patients were tested at the post-anesthesia care unit, 2 h, 24 h, 48 h, and 72 h after surgery, and burn time before operation, burn location, burn area, and burn depth were assessed. Face, Legs, Activity, Cry, Consolability Behavioral Tool, and Facial Expression Pain Scale were used to evaluate the pain of the children, and State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and Yale Preoperative Anxiety Scale were used to evaluate the anxiety of the children. The correlation was used to analyze the effect of preoperative anxiety on postoperative pain in burned children.
ResultsIn total, 108 pediatric patients were included in this study. Preoperative anxiety and severe anxiety accounted for more than 50% of burned children. Moreover, there was a statistically significant difference between 1-3-year-old and 4-12-year-old children in terms of preoperative anxiety and postoperative pain. Parental trait anxiety, showed that each influencing factor has a significant influence on postoperative pain in children (P<0.05). Based on the analysis of the correlation between preoperative anxiety and postoperative pain in children with burns, preoperative anxiety in children aged 1-3 years had a significant impact on postoperative pain in children. Moreover, the correlation analysis showed that there was a positive correlation between anxiety score and postoperative pain in children with burns (r=0.479, P=0.001).
ConclusionIncidence rate of preoperative anxiety in pediatric burn patients is high. Besides, the postoperative pain scores are different in various age groups. In addition, there is a positive correlation between preoperative anxiety and postoperative pain in pediatric burn patients; accordingly, the higher the anxiety score of the patient, the more intense their postoperative pain.
Keywords: Burn, Children, Correlation, Preoperative anxiety, Postoperative pain} -
BackgroundCurcumin (diferuloylmethane) is one of the mostactive components of turmeric. This herbal compound has antiinflammatoryand positive wound-healing impacts. The principalobjective of this study was to evaluate the impacts of curcuminnanoliposomes on cell viability and motility of mouse fibroblastNIH 3T3 cells and its wound healing effects on second-degreeskin burns in BALB/c mice.MethodsMature male BALB/c mice (n = 48) were dividedinto 4 groups (n = 12 per group). Group one received curcuminnanoliposome ointment; the positive and negative control groups(groups 2&3) were treated with silver sulfadiazine and placebo,respectively, and group four (sham) received no treatment. Theburn wound was created by a metal device with a diameter of 1cm. Animals received treatment twice daily. On days 4, 7, 10, and14, deep anesthesia and a biopsy of the wound were performed,and a microscopic study and MTT assay were carried out.ResultsCellular studies on mouse fibroblast NIH-3T3 cellsshowed that low-dose curcumin nanoliposomes increased cellproliferation and motility at 8, 12, and 24 hours in comparisonwith the control group. In tissue samples of mice treated withcurcumin nanoliposome (day 14), less inflammation was observed,while granulation tissue formation, fibroblast proliferation,epithelialization, and collagen fiber synthesis increased significantlycompared with the control groups.ConclusionOur study indicates the positive effects of curcuminnanoliposomes on the motility process of mouse fibroblast NIH-3T3 cells (in vitro) and on the inflammatory and proliferativephases (in vivo) of burn wound healing in mice.Keywords: Nanoliposome, curcumin, wound healing, Burn, Fibroblast}
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Studies have shown that burn wounds are one of the most severe forms of trauma which may cause disability, morbidity and mortality, stupendous hospital costs, and emotional disturbance. In spite of the therapeutic effects of synthetic drugs, due to their unwanted side effects, the tendency of people to use these drugs has been decreasing, contrary to the use of natural origin drugs. Medicinal plants that can be formulated to treat and repair the wound should be identified. Therefore, in this article a number of native Iranian medicinal plants that have been studied and their healing effects on burn wounds have been reported are discussed. In this review article, the keywords medicinal plants, burn, burn wound repair, burn wound and Iran were used to search for relevant articles indexed in databases such as IranMedex, Scientific Information Database, Google Scholar, Scopus, Institute for Scientific Information, Web of Science and PubMed. Based on the results, the medicinal plants Aloe vera (L.) Burm.f., Matricaria chamomilla L, Quercus brantii Lindl., Cydonia oblonga Mill., Scrophularia striata, Camellia sinensis (L.) Kuntze, Portulaca oleracea L, Cinnamomum zeylanicum Blume, Achillea talagonica Boiss., Olea europaea L., Hypericum perforatum L., Cucurbita pepo L., Teucrium polium L., Myrtus communis, Brassica oleracea L., Plantago major L., Malva sylvestris L., Arnebia euchroma (Royle) I.M.Johnst., Cucurbita moschata Duchesne, Achillea millefolium L., Lythrum salicaria L., Crocus sativus L. and Allium sativum L. are some of the most important herbal remedies to repair burn wounds. According to the various researches on the medicinal plants, the anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial and antimicrobial effects of these plants have been scientifically demonstrated, which has led to information that can be used to produce antimicrobial drugs for infectious and burn wounds.
Keywords: Wound healing, Burn, Medicinal Plants, Treatment, Iran}
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