جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه « Furcal Perforation » در نشریات گروه « پزشکی »

Perforations might occur due to carious lesions, tooth resorption or they might be iatrogenic during endodontic treatment or in most cases they might occur during post space preparation.CASE REPORT: A 31-year-old female patient presented with a complaint of chronic pain on tooth #30 during last 6 months and sensitive to bite since a few days ago. There was a mild swelling on the gingival tissue in the furcation area in the intraoral examination, with a narrow strip-shaped pocket measuring 3 mm in depth. Radiographic examination revealed an incomplete root canal treatment of the tooth. A prefabricated post had been placed in the distal root, with an incorrect path toward the furcation area. There was a small radiolucency in the furcation area and a pronounced radiolucency around the mesial root of the tooth. After removal of the post, hemorrhage was observed in the furcation area. The diameter of the perforation was approximately 1 mm. The perforated area was sealed with Pro Root mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA). In the next session when setting of MTA was evaluated and confirmed, retreatment of the tooth was done. After 6 months, no swelling or sensitivity was observed and after 6 year follow-ups radiographic examination revealed that the lesion had almost resolved. In the present case, the lesion of furcation perforation was small in size, but the time interval between the occurrence of perforation and the repair procedure was long, success was achieved due to the control of the aseptic conditions, control of hemorrhage and proper placement of the repair material, which was confirmed in the 6 year follow-ups.

Iatrogenic furcal perforation is a procedural accident in endodontic treatments of primary/permanent teeth; prognosis may be favorable if a complete seal with biomaterial is immediately established. The purpose of this in vitro study was to evaluate microleakage of calcium enriched mixture (CEM) cement and ProRoot mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) for sealing primary molar furcal perforations. This study was conducted on 38 extracted human primary molars. Furcation perforations were created in the pulp chamber floor. The teeth were divided randomly in two experimental groups (n=17) and two positive and negative controls (n=2). Perforations were then repaired with biomaterials. After 72 h, the teeth were submerged in 2% fuchsin dye solution for 24h. The samples were sectioned longitudinally and evaluated for dye leakage. Data analyzed statistically using ANOVA test. The negative and positive controls behaved as expected. Dye microleakage was observed in all experimental samples; however, there was no statistically significant difference between the microleakage of MTA (4.411±2.042 mm) and CEM (3.647±1.040 mm) groups (P>0.05). Based on the findings of this in vitro study, CEM and tooth-colored ProRoot MTA have similar sealing ability for furcal perforation repair of primary molar teeth.

Introduction
The materials used in sealing furcating perforation can have considerable effects on controlling the ensuing inflammation and periodontal repair. The objective of the present study was to carry out a histological comparison between the effects of pro-root, cold ceramic, glass-ionomer cement, and root MTA on the healing of periodontal tissues after furcal perforation in dog''s teeth.
Methods and Materials
One-hundred premolar teeth of one-year old dogs were used in this experimental/animal study. After anesthetizing the dogs and the premolar teeth, the access cavities were prepared at the occlusal level and the root canals were instrumented and filled with gutta percha and AH26 sealer, using the step-back technique. Furcations were perforated to a size of 3×3 mm2, using long burs. These areas were then randomly filled with aforementioned four test materials (a total number of 84 premolar teeth) while the access cavities were filled with amalgam. The remaining 16 teeth were selected to serve as positive and negative controls. Biopsy samples were taken from the perforated areas at 1, 2, and 3-month intervals and were transferred to laboratory for pathological examination. The results were statistically analyzed, using the Kruskal-Wallis and Mann Whitney tests.
Results
The statistical analysis revealed that under similar conditions, periodontal tissues surrounding Pro-root, show less inflammatory response than the other three materials. However, no significant differences were observed among the four studied materials during 1 and 2months as evidenced by the biopsy samples (P>0.05). For longer period (three month), however, samples surrounding cold ceramic and Root MTA showed decreasing inflammatory responses.

Discussion
From the findings of the present study, it may be concluded that although tissues adjacent to Pro-root showed less inflammatory response than other three test materials, all of them (Pro-root, Glass-ionomer cement, cold ceramic, and Root MTA) may be considered to be suitable materials for sealing furcal perforation providing. They receive approval by other tests including micro leakage, cytotoxicity, tissue analysis, and etc.