جستجوی مقالات مرتبط با کلیدواژه "Hospital" در نشریات گروه "پزشکی"

Hospitals and medical staff play a major role in managing the COVID-19 pandemic. The present study aimed to evaluate the psychological resilience of the staff and the organizational climate of Allameh Behlool Hospital in Gonabad and the relationship between the two during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The present cross-sectional study was conducted in Autumn 2021 with 300 employees of Allameh Behlool Hospital in Gonabad. Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale and Lyle Sussman and Sam Deep’s Organizational Climate Questionnaire were utilized for data collection. Multiple linear regression was used to estimate the association between organizational climate and psychological resilience. The data analysis was conducted using Stata 15.

Based on the obtained findings, the Mean (SD) age of participants was 34.05 (7.50) years, and their work experience averaged 9.22 (6.94) years. Psychological resilience and organizational climate had a Mean (SD) score of 66.04 (11.92) and 53.83 (14.72), respectively. A significant positive correlation was found between age, work experience, and psychological resilience. The multiple linear regression analysis showed that after controlling for the effects of age and work experience, there was a significant positive association between the organizational climate and the psychological resilience of the hospital staff.

This study found a significant positive association between organizational climate and psychological resilience among the hospital staff. Specifically, factors such as clarity of goals, role clarity, satisfaction with rewards, effective communication, and agreement on procedures contributed to greater resilience. These findings underscore the importance of adopting an integrated approach that considers the dimensions of organizational climate to enhance the resilience of the hospital staff, ultimately improving the hospital management to better prepare for crises.

Breast cancer constituted 13.5% of all reported new cancer in India, with a notable mortality rate due to late presentation.  The current research aims to address the extent of delay in presentation to the hospital and the factors that contribute to delayed presentation among breast cancer patients.

A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 138 primary breast cancer patients aged 18 to 60 years, with a time lag of more than 2 weeks between the initial recognition of symptoms and the first medical interaction. These patients were attending the oncology Outpatient Department (OPD) of tertiary care center in Central India, where female breast cancer patients receive treatment and follow-up care. The analysis employed binary logistic regression to assess the factors significantly affecting the delayed presentation to the hospital.

Most of the participants were aged between 40 and 50 years and did not have a family history of breast cancer. The median delay in presentation to the hospital was 2 months. Women having breast lump as initial breast symptom tend to present late (> 3 months) to the hospital (p=0.037) and if the breast lump was smaller, they are more likely to delay seeking medical attention compared to those with larger breast lump (p=0.012).

The study indicates that many patients delayed seeking help due to small breast lumps. Improved screening services are needed for early detection. Future awareness campaigns should emphasize the link between breast lumps and cancer to reduce delays and improve patient quality of life.

Context:

 This study aims to investigate the implementation and effectiveness of hospital dentistry (HD) in the Armed Forces, incorporating an integrative literature review and a detailed case report. It seeks to highlight the importance of an interdisciplinary approach to oral and systemic health in military patients, as well as identify significant gaps in current research that need to be addressed to achieve improved healthcare outcomes.

Evidence Acquisition:

 An integrative review methodology was adopted, with articles selected through the PubMed/MEDLINE and Scielo databases using specific inclusion and exclusion criteria focused on the practice of HD in military settings. This approach ensured a comprehensive understanding of the existing literature. Simultaneously, a case report of an elderly patient treated within the military context was presented, detailing the diagnosis, intervention, and outcomes of HD, thus providing a practical example of the concepts discussed in the review.

The literature review revealed a scarcity of specific studies on HD in military settings, despite evidence highlighting the crucial role of an interdisciplinary team, including dentists, for the effective treatment of oral conditions affecting the overall health of patients. This lack of research underscores the need for further studies to address these gaps. The case report demonstrated the positive impact of HD on the patient's recovery, emphasizing the critical need for its integration into military healthcare to achieve improved patient outcomes.

The integration of HD in military settings is essential but currently underutilized. The research emphasizes the need to develop and document HD practices that enhance both the oral and systemic health of military personnel, promoting a more comprehensive and interdisciplinary care approach. This integration can lead to better health outcomes, reduced hospital stays, and overall improved quality of life for military patients.

 Despite the advancements in medical sciences, healthcare-associated infections continue to pose significant threats to human health.

 This research was carried out to assess the prevalence of healthcare-associated intestinal protozoan parasites among admitted patients of Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University Teaching Hospital in Awka.

 Two stool samples were collected from each of 159 patients and analyzed using saline wet mount test, formol ether concentration technique, and modified Ziehl Neelsen technique. Other data concerning demography and risk factors were obtained with the aid of a structured questionnaire. Data were analyzed using Pearson’s chi-square test and a P value of less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.

 Overall, 25 samples (15.7%) were positive for nosocomial intestinal protozoan infection. Females had the highest prevalence of this infection (18.3%). Additionally, the age group 10- 19 years had the highest prevalence (31.6%). Patients who were hospitalized for more than 30 days revealed the highest prevalence (87.5%), and patients admitted to the pediatric ward also had a high prevalence (23.5%). Moreover, patients who drank well water had a prevalence of 33.3%, and those who did not sanitize their hands revealed a prevalence of 22.2%. Nosocomial infection was strongly associated with duration of hospital stay and stool consistency (P ˂ 0.000). In this study, 5 parasites were isolated, among which Entamoeba histolytica was the most prevalent parasite (52.0%).

 Hence, improved patient and medical personnel hygiene, safer health practices, and hospital sanitation should be adopted to curtail the spread of infection.

Endodontic treatment errors (EEs) can lead to complications and require additional follow-up care. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of root canal treatment errors among dental students, identifying error types based on radiographic criteria, tooth type, location, and technical errors.

A cross-sectional study analyzed data from 201 patients who underwent root canal treatment at Ilam University of Medical Sciences between 2021 and 2022. Inclusion criteria were confirmed root disease diagnosis, adherence to standard treatment protocol, availability of radiographs, and complete patient files. The protocol included rubber dam isolation, radiographic length determination, manual file canal preparation, irrigation, obturation with the lateral compression method, and temporary restoration. Two endodontists evaluated filling length, density, convergence, and technical errors such as floor perforation, broken instruments, transportation, ledge formation, and access cavity gouging.

 The study included 89 male (44.3%) and 112 female (55.7%) dental students with a mean age of 25.36 years. Among the 201 patients (28.9% male, 71.1% female; mean age 35.24 years), 71.6% had fillings of appropriate length, 12.14% short, and 15.9% long. Appropriate density was observed in 67.6%, and convergence in 86.1%. Technical errors included ledge formation (8.5%), floor perforation (1%), access cavity gouging (1.5%), and broken instruments (0.5%). A significant relationship was found between density and tooth type (p < 0.002) and convergence and tooth type (p < 0.009).

 Proper filling, convergence, and density were more frequent in anterior teeth. Maxillary teeth had higher rates of proper filling compared to mandibular teeth. The overall rate of treatment errors was low, likely due to professor supervision.

Aging leads to declines in both physical and mental performance, resulting in major disorders such as frailty syndrome and anxiety. This study aimed to explore the relationship between frailty syndrome and anxiety among older adults hospitalized in educational hospitals in Ilam City in 2024.

This cross-sectional study examined 240 older adults at educational hospitals in Ilam from May to July 2024. Data were collected using demographic questionnaires, the Mini-Mental Status Examination (MMSE), the Groningen Frailty Index (GFI), and the Geriatric Anxiety Index (GAI). Data analysis was performed using SPSS V.16, applying Kolmogorov-Smirnov, chi-square, Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis, simple linear regression, and descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, frequency) at a 5% significance level.

 The participants had a mean age of 72.44 ± 5.19 years, with GFI and GAI scores of 11.04 ± 2.68 and 15.58 ± 2.55, respectively. Significant relationships were found between literacy level and reasons for hospitalization with the GFI, and marital status and daily care needs with the GAI. A significant positive relationship was observed between the physical dimension of the GFI and mild to moderate anxiety, the social dimension and severe to total anxiety, the psychological dimension and susceptibility to anxiety, and the total GFI score with severe and total anxiety.

 The study found that the physical, cognitive, and psychological dimensions of the GFI were related to varying levels of GAI, with specific correlations between the GAI and the social dimension of the GFI.

The increase in the older adult population has resulted in a higher demand for outpatient health services and subsequently increased costs paid by older adults.

This study conducted in Rasht aimed to determine the utilization of outpatient health services among older adults covered by comprehensive health service centers and the factors associated with it.

This cross-sectional analytical study was conducted on 384 older adults aged 60 years and older covered by comprehensive health service centers. The sampling method was stratified random sampling based on consecutive sampling. The information required was collected through a researcher-made two-part questionnaire, including individual-social characteristics and outpatient services, via interviews. Data were analyzed using SPSS version 21 software. The significance level of the tests was considered to be P < 0.05.

The results showed that 82.8% of the older adults required outpatient services and 90.9% of them actually received these services. Out of the total, 65.1% went to private sector facilities, 17% to public facilities, and the remaining 18% visited facilities in both sectors. The main reasons for not utilizing outpatient services were the lack of money and the inability to pay. Factors such as place of residence (P = 0.014, OR = 2.417), the presence of chronic disorders (P = 0.047, OR = 1.689), health status (P = 0.012, OR = 0.619), and education level (P = 0.05, OR = 0.763) were found to be associated with the utilization of outpatient services.

Two-thirds of the sample had chronic diseases, most of them received outpatient services from the private sector, and about 75% of those who did not receive the service could not afford the costs. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the quality of outpatient services in the public sector and enhance their accessibility. Some individuals were unaware of health screenings for older adults in the comprehensive health services centers, so informing them about these services can be useful in promoting their utilization by older adults and reducing the costs of outpatient services.

The need for smartification is increasingly recognized in public hospitals, making it crucial to identify the current status, gaps, and factors influencing hospital smartness.

This study aimed to assess the smartness status of public hospitals and investigate its correlation with hospital characteristics and performance indicators.

This descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in seven public hospitals in Alborz Province, Iran, during 2023 - 2024. We assessed the characteristics and performance indicators of the hospitals using a researcher-developed questionnaire and evaluated their smartness status with the standardized "Smart Hospital Evaluation" checklist. Data analysis was performed using SPSS24 software, utilizing independent t -tests, Pearson's correlation, Spearman's correlation, and analysis of variance (ANOVA) tests.

The smartness status of the hospitals was found to be moderate, with 71% of hospitals falling into this category. A significant correlation was observed between the smartness of hospital units, the type of hospital (teaching or non-teaching), and the hospital's specialization (specialized or general) (P = 0.013). Significant and direct correlations were also found between information technology and hospital units (P = 0.043), management systems and clinical processes (P = 0.008), and overall smartness and clinical processes (P = 0.049).

Public hospitals need improvements in smartness indicators. Factors such as whether the hospital is teaching or non-teaching and whether it is specialized or general should be taken into account. Moreover, hospital smartification efforts should adopt a comprehensive approach, considering all dimensions of smartness.

We aimed to identity Helicobacter pylori endosymbiont in Acanthamoeba-positive samples in natural and laboratory conditions.

Overall, 134 samples were collected from hospital environments. Microscopic and PCR test were used for detection of Acanthamoeba and H. pylori. The real-time PCR method was used to check the active presence of H. pylori within Acanthamoeba under natural conditions from hospital samples and in co-culture laboratory conditions.

The rate of contamination of hospital samples with Acanthamoeba was 44.7%. Out of 42 Acanthamoeba PCR-positive samples, 13 isolates (31%) were positive in terms of H. pylori endosymbiont according to sampling location. H. pylori is able to penetrate and enter the Acanthamoeba parasite.

H. pylori is able to contaminate Acanthamoeba in natural and laboratory conditions. The presence of pathogenic Acanthamoeba in various hospital environments and the hiding of Helicobacter as an endosymbiont inside it can pose a serious threat to the health of hospitalized patients.

Traumatic out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (TOHCA) presents significant public health challenges. The high accident rates and variability in prehospital management in Thailand further complicate TOHCA treatment. This study aimed to analyze prehospital prognostic factors of survival in TOHCA cases.

This study is a retrospective cohort study utilizing data from the Information Technology of Emergency Medicine System (ITEMS) from January 2012 to December 2022. It included TOHCA patients who received prehospital care and were transported to the emergency department (ED). We used an exploratory approach, incorporating all prognostic variables into a multivariable logistic regression model. Results are presented as odds ratios (OR) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) and p-values.

Over an 11-year period, 35,724 patients with the mean age of 39.69±20.53 (range: 1-99) years were included in the final analysis (78.69% male). Of these, 6,590 (18.45%) survived to hospital admission, while 29,134 (81.55%) died in the ED. Prehospital management factors significantly increasing the likelihood of survival to hospital admission included stopping bleeding (OR=1.38, 95% CI=1.24-1.54, P<0.001), endotracheal intubation (ETT) (OR=2.09, 95% CI=1.74-2.50, P<0.001), intravenous fluid administration (OR=1.66, 95% CI=1.35-2.05, P<0.001), defibrillation (OR = 2.35, 95% CI=1.96- 2.81, P<0.001), age (aOR = 0.99, 95% CI = 0.98-0.99, P < 0.001), closed fracture (aOR = 0.59, 95% CI = 0.53-0.66, P < 0.001), open fracture (aOR = 0.54, 95% CI = 0.48-0.61, P < 0.001), dislocation (aOR = 0.60, 95% CI = 0.45-0.81, P = 0.001), and on scene time <10 min (aOR = 0.63, 95% CI = 0.54-0.75, P < 0.001).

To improve survival to hospital admission in TOHCA, several factors should be prioritized. These include administering intravenous fluid boluses, controlling external bleeding, delivering defibrillation when indicated, and performing ETT.