Precise Boundaries of Individual Responsibility Based on the Doctrine of Joint Criminal Responsibility

"Joint Criminal Responsibility" as a kind of responsibility in the international criminal law is a concept widely approved by the international judicial procedure. The concept implies a kind of criminal responsibility which is particularly suitable to cover the criminal responsibility of all accomplices of a joint criminal plan.The present article has explained a trilateral classification to analyze the joint criminal responsibility: First, responsibility against the acts agreed at the time of preparing the joint plot and conspiracy, second, responsibility against a duty within a criminal plot which is performed in an institutionalized physical zone (such as a penitentiary), third, the responsibility of accomplices who have agreed on the main target of the joint criminal plan.Upon expressing the criticisms and providing answer to them and with a particular attention to the third branch of the joint criminal responsibility, the author primarily mentions the social and legal foundations of a predictable criterion and the motives of accepting it in the international criminal law, and then offers various methods for its assessment and its precise determination. Separation of the "main perpetrator" and the "subsidiary perpetrator" along with the analysis of judgments of the international courts is among the points which add to the scientific attraction of the article in light of the judicial experiences of the author.