The Stages of Somatic Embryogenesis Derived from Zygotic Embryo of Dorema ammoniacum D.

The aim was to study the histology of somatic embryogenesis stages in Dorema ammoniacum D. using tissue cultures as an efficient method for propagation of the plants with restriction in cultivation.

Various explants were cultured on MS (Murashige and Skoog) medium containing 30 g l-1 sucrose and 7 g l-1 agar as well as supplemented with different concentrations of auxin and cytokinin. After eight weeks, different stages of development of somatic embryos in embryogenic callus were evaluated using histological method.

Out of different explants, only zygotic embryo was able to induce embryogenic callus. Presence of NAA (α-Naphthaleneacetic acid) increased callus induction and somatic embryogenesis. The highest callus formation was observed in MS medium supplemented with 1 mg/L NAA and 0.5 mg/L BA (N6-Benzyladenine). Different stages of somatic embryos including: globular, heart-shaped, torpedo and cotyledonus stages were observed in the prepared sections of callus.

Using zygotic embryo the in vitro somatic embryogenesis of Dorema ammoniacum D. was possible. In addition the histological examinations of embryogenic callus showed the existence of the different stages of embryonic development.