A review of the role of Mycoplasma infections in human's infertility

Mycoplasmataceae family found in different hosts such as humans، animals، plants and insects. Mycoplasma are one of the smallest and simplest bacteria، which have a free life and most of them are normal flora of male and female، moreover they are pathogens species. Genital mycoplasma and ureaplasma infections can lead to infertility. Sticking ability of these microorganisms to epithelial cells of urogenital system، sperm and erythrocyte make them able to establish infection in the human urogenital tract. These infections are often asymptomatic and will have pathological effects on reproductive health. The influence of infection on the volume، PH، motility، morphology and sperm count in men and pass through the birth canal in women is cause of infertility factors. There are a variety of statistics from different regions of the world about the role of infections in infertility since 39 percent in developed to 85 percent in African countries. In additional، according to existing reports، the prevalence of Ureaplasma in infertile couples (42 to 95 percent) is more than fertile couples (23 to 25 percent). In spite of lack of diagnosis، prevention and treatment، these infections remain continuously and ultimate to a risky consequences such as pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) and infertility. Therefore، the identification of these bacteria in asymptomatic infertile men and women is important and microbial screening for infertile couples، especially in young age should be essential.