A Review on Reasons and Consequences of the Suppression of the First Majlis

The events of Ramadan in 1322 (A.H) that led to movements of liberals in Iran is considered the beginning of change from dictatorship government to Constitutional monarchy.This situation also made grounds for speakers and clergymen to play their role. Eventually after immigration of Clergymento Qom in order to show their protests and by support of people,Mozaffar-al- Din Shah Qajar agreed the constitutional monarchy in 1324 (A.H).He died 10 days later and Muhammad Ali Mirza, his son, came to power. He revealed his disapproval toward constitutional monarchy inhis coronation ceremony; he also did not invite any of Majlis (Parliament) members. Muhammad Ali Shahwas trying to revive the autocratic power of Qajar and he was dreaming of monarchy ruling of his grandfather, Naser-al-Din Shah. Although he pretended to support the Majlis, he made it weak and weaker. Eventually in the 2ndday of Tir in 1278 (A.H solar years) he ordered to set artillery fire against Majlis. The situation in which the constitutional government established, Muhammad Ali Shah’s attitude toward Majlis, disagreements between Shah and Majlis, coup d’état in 1287 (A.H), the inner situations of Majlis before and after 1287 coup d’état and the reasons that led to dissolving of the first Majlis will be analyzed through the present paper.