The Comparison between Parented and Unparented Adolescents in Terms of Psychological Hardiness.

Family has a profound influence on personality traits of child. It also makes changes in mental processes of family members. Due to the fact that the absence of one parent or both of them has unpleasant effect on mental growth of children and adolescents، this study is looking for the comparison between parented and unparented adolescents in terms of psychological hardiness. All students whom studied in secondary schools and high schools in Ardebil in 1388-89، are considered as statistic population of present research. For this purpose، among all high schools in Ardebil city، 18 schools were selected by cluster sampling method. Then 150 adolescents (75 girls and 75 boys) were selected by simple sampling method. Through filling out psychological hardiness questionnaires، students took part in this study. Data was analyzed by the use of multivariate analysis of variance. Results of present research have shown that there are differences in terms of psychological hardiness between parented and unpatented adolescents، but no difference between girls and boys in term of hardiness. this study shows that parented adolescents have more psychological hardiness than others and adolescents without mother have less hardiness than two other groups. Perhaps، stress and lack of mental health have been the most important factors in low hardiness.