Superior Virtue in Thomas Aquinas's Ethical View
Abstract:
Affection and friendship in philosophy of ethics is regarded as one of the most important virtues. Aristotle believes that friendship is a supplement to the virtues while Muslim and Christian philosophers such as Ibn Moskevayh and Thomas Aquinas consider it the most important of the virtues. Aquinas counts it as the best religious virtue and Ibn Moskevayh believes that with affection we dont need justice. Here, in this essay we particularly investigate and analyze this notion as presented in the thoughts and works of Thomas Aquinas, one of the greatest Christian thinkers. It seems like, although he was holding religious thoughts, he was also influenced by Aristotle's ethical views and thus tried to integrate these two sources to supplement his ethical ideas. One of his innovations in this regard is his special attention to the function of affection and amiability as an ethical virtue in his own ethical system which can be justified only through his religious beliefs. Aquinas differentiates between divine goodness and humanly acquired virtues, a discrimination which was not supported by Aristotle. He pays great attention to the religious virtues such as, faith, hope, affection, wisdom and determination and concludes that affection is the greatest of these virtues whose ultimate destination is God and is awarded only through divine grace and as a result man's efforts and competence would not contribute to its fulfillment. In the present essay, having depicted the virtue through the lens of Aquinas system of ethics and pointed to its divisions, we will discuss the nature, definition and function of religious virtues in the philosophy of ethics. In the end, the superiority of affection as one the virtues, over other virtues according to Aquinas's view will be discussed and his special view in which he emphasized that all virtues are gained only through loving God will be explained.
Language:
Persian
Published:
Journal of Scientific Journal of Applied Ethics Studies, Volume:1 Issue: 3, 2012
Page:
171
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