Liberal theology, an Attempt to Restructure the Christian Faith in the Light of Modern Science

One of the most important theological schools is Liberal Theology which has flourished in Protestant Christianity in 19th century. In recent centuries, this school has had very widespread effects on the process of theological discussions in the West due to its particular features and achievements. Therefore, reanalyzing the roots of its formation will greatly help us understand better and more deeply the religious developments and Christian theology in recent centuries.Using a descriptive- analytical method, the present paper investigates the most important factor of the formation of this school i.e. modern science and deals with its roots by elaborating on the factors and grounds for the formation of this science (that is, Enlightenment Age), its features, and effects on Christian theology. This paper proves that Liberal Theology was a response to modern science accompanied by putting away some doctrines by Protestant Church.