Political Management of Space in Unitary State Systems

Organizing states affaires is done by institutions that have power and authority in geographical space. Power and authority in geographical space is formed by force or transferring nation’s power to state. Currently, transferring nation’s power to state is the popular phenomena in political structure of most countries. There are three state patterns: unitary, federal and regional. There are some differences between state’s system and power distribution in space. Unitary state pattern is divided into two parts: centralized unitary pattern that has centralized political and administrative system and decentralized unitary pattern that is centralized from political and legislative prospect and it is decentralized from administrative prospect.Analysis of centralized unitary systems in some countries that have diverse geographical environment and human groups show that these systems face the following challenges: lack of geographical justice, lack of structural and functional integrity of space and homogeneity, transient and government-based participation, bureaucracy, regional and local challenges, imperceptible and sustainable development, centralized communication networks, enlarging capital of state and regional cities affected by concentration of capital and money, concentration of governmental organizations. This research shows that these challenges are the result of four variants: legislation, centralized political management, low and transient participant and political division of space as a context of functions of political and administrative institutions in these systems. This research will present a theoretical framework in relation to expounding political management of space in these management patterns by investigating current challenges using descriptive methodology and library and documentary findings as data gathering procedures.