The Function and Impact of Tone in Hafez Style

This paper, succinctly explaining the concept, significance, and function of tone in literary style, as well as the relationship between tone and subject, analyzes the diversity of tone in The Collected Poems of Hafez (The Divan of Hafez). To carry out the analysis of tone, The Collected Poems of Hafez is first thematically classified into ten groups. A close reading of the poems reveals a diversity of tone of high frequency for different subjects. The research findings, cited briefly as examples, indicate a diversity of tone in The Collected Poems of Hafez matching various subjects and occasions. The artistic employment of tone is also supported by the research findings. The following are the dominant types of tone matching the subjects, themes, structure, texture, and rhythm of Hafez ssonnets: oratory and intimate, serious and epic, hostile and bantering, emphatic and frank, romantic and pleading, officious and advisory, ecstatic and narrative and bitter and narrative.