Induction of variation in agronomic traits of oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.) using gamma irradiation and investigation of induced mutation in loci of oleic acid by molecular markers

Breeding desired cultivar in rapeseed programs is the main goal of plant breeders. Modern plant breeding has been formed on the basis of variation induction, selection, evaluation and multiplication of desired genotypes. To reach these goals, mutation breeding has played an important role to neonate variation. In this study seeds of PF and Zarfam cultivars were treated with five dosages of gamma rays (500, 700, 900, 1100 and 1300 Gry). Studied traits were: plant height, number of lateral branches, number of pods per plant, length of pods and weight of 1000-seed in M2 generation. For detection of loci controlling oleic acid, SCAR and RAPD markers were used. Results showed that in PF cultivar, in all the traits except number of pods on main stem, significant deduction observed in compare with the control. In Zarfam cultivar, effect of gamma rays was significant only for the 1000-seed weight. In this study the most of relative variation coefficient between different traits belong to the number of pods on lateral branches. In this study, various lines with improved traits (lower height, more number of pods, and length of pods and 1000-seed weight) in compare with the control were obtained. Therefore, it is possible to choose desirable traits and introduce desirable variety in colza. Results of molecular markers showed that all lines treated with gamma rays in PF and Zarfam cultivars, had 399 bp and 830 bp bands.