Evaluation of the Repair of Bone Defect after Bone Marrow Stromal Cell Transplantation in Rat

Bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) are multipotent stem cells that can proliferate and differentiate into osteogenic cells. T his study aimed to investigate the effects of BMSC transplantation for the repair of bone defects in the rat.

Twenty-eight male adult rats were divided into 4 groups. Group 1 (control group) received no treatment after the bone defect. In Group 2 (sham group)، the culture medium was injected after the bone defect at the site of the bone defect. In Group 3 non-autologous cell transplantation and in Group 4 autologous cell transplantation were performed in the bone defect. Bone defect repair was evaluated by radiographic and biomechanical testing in all the groups.

No significant differences were found between the control group and the Sham group according to radiographic and biomechanical tests. Radiograph bone opacity increased in the autologous and non-autologous group s compared to the control group، but the difference was not significant. Biomechanical results of the bone showed that the mean mechanical strength (Fmax) was significantly increased in the autologous group compared to the control group (p value < 0. 05). In addition، mean Fmax was increased in the non-autologous group compared to the control group; the difference، however، did not constitute statistical significance (p value = 0. 07).

It seems that BMSC transplantation، especially autologous BMSC cell transplantation، exerts positive effects on the repair of the bone defect.