A Factor Analysis of Variables Related to Aggression of Football Spectators from Referee's points of view in Iran

Message:
Abstract:
The purpose of the present study was to analyze the factors related to aggression among football spectators from super league referees’ points of view. 131 (74%) of 177 referees participated in this study. For gathering of data a researcher-made questionnaire was used. The different variables and questions were recognized and were studied and confirmed by 3 university instructors and 16 judging experts and referees. For determining the important and basic factors of aggression in spectators, statistical method of “discovery factor analysis” was used. Before performing the factor analysis, in order to assure the sufficiency of the samples, Keizer, Major and Elkin (KMO) criterion was used. In order to determine the correlation between variables, the Bartlet test was used. KMO of this study was 769.7 on a 0.001 level of significance. After extraction of explanatory factors, eight factors with computing 54.56% variance became evident. The results concluded from the factor analysis of the data indicated that from the referees’ point of views, following eight factors have basic roles in aggression among the spectators; facility management and services, media excitement and exaggeration, result-oriented exaggeration, location and time management of the competitions, behavior of team members, judging, referees’ and coaches’ behavior, and social sensitivity and background of competition.
Language:
Persian
Published:
Journal of Sport Management Review, Volume:4 Issue: 13, 2012
Pages:
201 to 214
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