Compare and Monitoring the Behavior of Science and Technology System of Turky and Iran

This article is mainly aimed to monitor behaviors and policies governing science and technology systems in Turkey in comparison with that of Iran. Any interpretation offered here is based on research questions applying comparative –analytical method as well as describing subject and systematic data gathering. One of the most significant findings is that Turkey, just as Iran, has attained to advance its enrollment rate in higher education, both in general and in female sector, through quantitative expansion of educational structures. At the same time, growing share of technical – vocational training of total higher education has led to increasing employed people with higher education (skilled labor force) of total employed community in this country. Improving the share of R&D of total GDP from 37% in 1998 to 73% in 2008, Turkey has tried to increase the share of industry and private sector for funding R&D expenditure, and enjoyed foreign financial aids for research and development. That is why Turkey has overtaken of Iran in indexes of technological readiness and access to the most advanced technologies.