The Study of Materials and Techniques of Mural Painting in Five Ilkhanid Monuments of Yazd City

Relative security and peacefulness at the age of Ilkhans and simultaneous with the formation of local governments in Yazd city resulted in a good atmosphere for the appearance of well-built constructions such as “Sayyed Roknoddin mausoleum” (Roknieh School)، “Sayyed Shamsoddin mausoleum” (Shamsieh School)، “Kamalieh School”)، “Hussaynian Complex” (including the Hussaynian house or Taq-Bolandha and Gonbad-Hasht mausoleum)، and “Shaykh Ahmad Fahhadan mausoleum”. Considering the Ilkhanid era as a golden age of Persian art and architecture among other Islamic countries، it should be stated that very little effort has done on studying mural painting materials and techniques of this luminous time. Considering the significant values of these five monuments and profiting by the exceptional opportunity for close study of mentioned paintings and decorations، the main goal of this research is the scientific study of above mentioned mural painting materials and techniques. In direct study of wall paintings it seems that the artist has used one of the following

tracing، transferring the design by paper pieces and using guidelines during the performance. According to the current study، no inorganic pigments were detected in decorations of five mentioned monuments. Similar to most common Persian wall painting traditions، here، the main stages of mural painting were detected: priming (different layers of intonaco)، drawing (Tarh Andazi)، fixing the design borders (Qors Kardan-e Tarh) and watercolor painting. Thus، the library and field studies were followed by performing necessary spot tests and using relevant instrumental methods of analysis.