Investigation and Role of the Baking-Brick Furnaces in the Air pollution of Yazd Province

The baking - brick furnaces are important and major sources of air pollution in Yazd province especially in around of Yazd city due to usage of improper fuel, ancient and traditional production process and nonuse of methods of the pollutant reduction. the present study is a descriptive – analytical study. In this regard, the necessary information including the number and types of the active baking - brick furnaces, amount and type of the consumed fuel in these furnaces and process of producing the brick and etc. are obtained by the library research, referral to the organizations and field visits and also using the amount of consumed fuel and coefficient of emission of pollutants were calculated amount and type of the produced pollutants from manufacture of the brick in the studied area and compared with existing standards. In this study also the output pollutants of the flue of 20 furnaces were calculated using the machinery Testo 350-M/XL in order to quantifying this study. Finally, the results were analyzed by statistical information and done samplings. The studies show that the 97/99 percent of the consumption of mazut fuel is used by the baking - brick furnaces that the most share is pertain to the industrial baking - brick furnaces with the annual consumption of 330 million liters. The results show that the consumption of mazut in the baking - brick furnaces is annual emitted 27096/3 tones Sox, 4729/5 tons of NOx, 168/9 tons of HC, 246/3 tons of CO, 1351/3 tons of PM in the atmosphere that amount of the sulfur oxides is at concentrations largely exceeding threshold limit values. Based on the most of handy furnaces is completely produced the bricks with losing the highly energy and elementarily so providing the possibility of use from the natural gas instead of the furnace oil, changing the lines of brick production, using of the newer productivity techniques and organizing and aggregating the extant furnaces in the out of city are caused not only decreasing the air pollution but also will had a lot of effect on decreasing the production cost and per capita of the fuel consumption.