Horizontal Policy Management and Horizontal Coordination (Why, Basic Obstacles and Strategies)

Enforcement of public policies is an important concern of most countries, especially developing countries. Weakness of horizontal policy management and lack of coordination in enforcing these policies are obstacles to achieving this purpose. The article emphasizes on the increasing role of horizontal coordination in Iran and other countries in the areas of accountability and good governance in government. Religious and national values, including consultation in matters, promotion of good and prevention of evil, and roles of justice and equity in Iranian Islamic society support this theory. Lacking a native Iranian-Islamic model of management and resistance of the state management system to fundamental changes are recognized as important obstacles to horizontal coordination. The article also emphasizes on coordination between policy-making bodies in the national level, including the executive, judiciary and legislature, in order to achieving horizontal coordination. Using administrative automation for making administrative systems transparent and attempting to operationalize morals and honesty and hard work based on religious values and national culture are suggested as strategies for strengthening horizontal coordination within state