The identification of chemical compounds of Taraxacum Syriacum Boiss (Gasedak) and assessing its extract effect on Acetaminophen induced nephro-toxicity in rat

Taraxacum Syriacum Boiss from Taraxacum Officinalis species is used in traditional herbal medicine for the treatment of jaundice، liver disorders and gallstones. This study was designed to investigate the ethanolic extract effect of the root of Taraxacum Syriacum (TSBE) on Acetaminophen-induced nephro-toxicity. The root of Taraxacum Syriacum Boiss were analysed using SPME-GC/MS (Solid Phase Microextraction). In this experimental study، 30 male rats were randomly divided into 5 groups (n=6). The rats were treated firstly with different doses of TSBE (50،100 and 200 mg/kg، p. o.) daily for 7 days then they intraperitoneally were injected with 700 mg/kg Acetaminophen. Water was administered to the control group for seven days. Toxic (Acetaminophen) group received water for seven days and on day 7، 700 mg/kg Acetaminophen was intraperitoneally injected. Twenty-four hours after the Acetaminophen administration، animals were anaesthetized and blood was collected from the heart for assaying serum creatinine. Kidneys were removed، then cut off and placed in 10% formalin for histopathology assessment. 21 chemical components of Taraxacum Syriacum Boiss root including 1،1-dimethyldiborane، 1-propene 3-ethoxy، 3،5-octadien-2-one، nonanal، decanal، nonanoic acid and carvacrol were identified and extracted. Creatinine reduced significantly in the experiment group (TSBE 200 mg/kg) in comporison with the toxic group. Also، in histopathology assessment، kidney necrosis reduced in experimental groups (TSBE 100، 200 mg/kg). TSBE seems to have a protective role in Acetaminophen induced nephro-toxicity and the role of phenolic compounds such as carvacrol is important.