Renal Actinomycosis in Presence of Renal Stones in a Patient with End Stage Renal Disease

A 56 years old man was referred to our center for renal transplantation. He had been diagnosed with renal failure three months before admission and was on regular hemodialysis from then on. The urinalysis showed pyuria and hematuria and moderate bacteriuria. The urine culture was negative. Ultrasonography showed multiple stones in both kidneys. Right nephroctomy was conducted to remove infection. After the first nephrectomy, the pathologic study of the removed kidney showed renal actinomycosis. Renal actinomycosis should be considered as a possible cause of infection in patients with end-stage renal disease.