The Historical Analysis of the Effect of Social Structure of ArabianPeninsulaTribes in Creation of Sakifat

Historical sociology prepares the ground for a better understanding of social structures of past societies in which particular historical events and actions have taken place. After the demise of the Prophet, the issue of his succession and SakifatBaniSiida became the most important issues in the new Muslim community. In addition to Imam Ali, as the outstanding figure of the Household, there were other groups and trends of thought that also laid a claim to the caliphate. To publicly overshadow Ali (A), they kept overemphasizing on points of disagreement over the intellectual leadership of the society and reinforcing them. To that end, they took advantage of measures such as creating diverse religions and sects, fabricating narrations (Hadith), etc. Such customs were continued, organized and strengthened more vigorously throughout the next centuries.The present research aims to briefly introduce Saudi Arabia prior to the advent of Islam. For this purpose, it draws attention to a quickly-formed social flow which could unbelievably succeed well, despite the expectations of its designers, and could establish a new structure within the power pyramid of the Islamic government.